{{Short description|Wife of Australian Prime Minister (1886-1962)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2016}} {{Use Australian English|date=November 2016}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Elizabeth Chifley | image = Elizabeth Chifley.jpg | alt = | office = Spouse of the Prime Minister of Australia | term_label = In role | term_start = 13 July 1945 | term_end = 19 December 1949 | predecessor = Vera Forde | successor = Dame Pattie Menzies | caption = Elizabeth Chifley in 1954 | birth_name = Elizabeth Gibson McKenzie | birth_date = {{Birth date|1886|8|1|df=y}} | birth_place = Bathurst, New South Wales | death_date = {{Death date and age|1962|9|9|1886|8|1|df=y}} | death_place = Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia | spouse = {{Marriage|Ben Chifley|1914|1951|end=died}} }} '''Elizabeth Gibson Chifley''' (née '''McKenzie'''; 1 August 1886 – 9 September 1962) was the wife of Ben Chifley, the Prime Minister of Australia from 1945 to 1949.<ref name="D. Day 2001">D. Day (2001) 'Chifley', HarperCollins, Australia</ref>
Chifley was born in Bathurst, New South Wales, to George and Isabella McKenzie. She was the elder of their two daughters, Lizzie and Annie.<ref name="D. Day 2001"/> The family was moderately well-off, Scottish and Presbyterian. She was active in local civic organisations and the church, but does not appear to have been active or interested in the labour movement or politics.<ref name=naachifley>[http://primeministers.naa.gov.au/primeministers/chifley/spouse.aspx Elizabeth Chifley], ''Australia's Prime Ministers'', National Archives of Australia.</ref>
She and Ben Chifley, an engine driver like her father, had known each other since their youth, but their romance did not commence until 1912 when they were both in their late twenties. Their relationship began at a dance although Ben did not like dancing. In those days, Elizabeth was considered 'a good catch'. Her family was relatively wealthy, she played the symbol of respectability, the piano, she was skilled in the domestic arts of cooking and sewing, she was suitably religious and still had a great sense of fun.<ref name="D. Day 2001"/> Ben was like Elizabeth's father, serious, dependable, civic-minded and a man of growing stature.<ref name="D. Day 2001"/> Ben was determined to marry her and this they did on 6 June 1914 at the Presbyterian Church in Glebe, Sydney. Chifley was a Catholic, and to marry Elizabeth (a Presbyterian), he defied the ''Ne Temere'' papal decree issued several years earlier, which forbade Catholics to marry outside of their church.<ref name=adb>D. B. Waterson, [https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/chifley-ben-9738/text17199 'Chifley, Joseph Benedict (Ben) (1885–1951)'], ''Australian Dictionary of Biography'', National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, accessed 14 March 2013.</ref> Ben was reported to have said "One of us has to take the knock" and "It had better be me".<ref>M. MacCallum (2012) 'The good, the bad & the unlikely: Australia's prime ministers', Black Inc., Collingwood</ref> By travelling to Sydney for the ceremony they sought to avoid as much antagonism as possible.<ref>S. Brodie (1986) 'Statesmen Leaders and Losers: The Twenty-Three Prime Ministers Of Australia, Dreamweaver Books, Sydney</ref> Following their marriage, each continued to attend their own church and Ben was said to be always conscious of his lapse from Catholic precepts.<ref>C. A. Hughes (1976) 'Australian Prime Ministers 1901-1972', Oxford University Press, Oxford</ref>
The Chifleys' wedding present from her parents was tenancy of a house at 10 Busby Street, Bathurst which was owned by her parents. In 1920, the parents gave the house to the couple, and they would spend the rest of their lives there.<ref name=adb />
In 1915, Elizabeth had a miscarriage, which left her unable to have children, and she was in poor health for the rest of her life.<ref name=treasury>Hawkins, John: [http://www.treasury.gov.au/PublicationsAndMedia/Publications/2011/Economic-Roundup-Issue-3/Report/Ben-Chifley-the-true-believer Ben Chifley: The True Believer] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130505101528/http://www.treasury.gov.au/PublicationsAndMedia/Publications/2011/Economic-Roundup-Issue-3/Report/Ben-Chifley-the-true-believer |date=5 May 2013 }}, ''Economic Roundup'' (Issue 3, 2011), Department of Treasury.</ref> She also suffered from the spinal disease scoliosis, which left her physically frail, and limited her mobility. After Ben Chifley was elected to the House of Representatives in 1928, Elizabeth rarely travelled to Canberra, Sydney or other locations where her husband's political duties summoned him.<ref name=naachifley /> On several occasions during Chifley's premiership, Elizabeth did act as a hostess at The Lodge, although Chifley more often stayed at the Hotel Kurrajong when in Canberra.<ref name=adb /> It was at the hotel where Ben Chifley suffered a fatal heart attack in 1951, predeceasing his wife by eleven years.<ref name=naachifley />
Elizabeth Chifley died at her Busby Street home on 9 September 1962. She left much of her estate to the Presbyterian Church, including a bequest to build a preschool named after her.<ref name=naachifley />
==References== {{reflist}}
{{s-start}} {{s-hon}} {{s-bef|before=Veronica Forde }} {{s-ttl|title=Spouse of the Prime Minister of Australia |years=13 July 1945 – 19 December 1949}} {{s-aft|after=Pattie Menzies}} {{s-end}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chifley, Elizabeth}} Category:1886 births Category:1962 deaths Category:Spouses of prime ministers of Australia Category:Australian Presbyterians Category:People from New South Wales