{{short description|Irish born illustrator, engraver and portrait painter}} {{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}} {{Infobox artist | name = Elinor Mary Darwin | image = | image_size = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = Elinor Mary Monsell | birth_date = 1879<!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | birth_place = Limerick, Ireland | death_date = 1954<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} --> | death_place = | resting_place = St Mary the Virgin Churchyard, Downe, Kent | resting_place_coordinates = {{coord|51.336|0.054|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | spouse = Bernard Darwin | field = Engraver, painter | training = Slade School of Art | works = | awards = | memorials = | module = }} [[File:Dun Emer Press device.jpg|thumb|Lady Emer beside a tree, Device of Dun Emer Press, designed by Elinor Monsell about 1903]]
'''Elinor Mary Darwin''' (née '''Monsell'''; 1879–1954) was an Irish born illustrator, engraver and portrait painter. Her illustrations were included in several of her husband, Bernard Darwin's books for children.
==Personal life== Elinor Mary Monsell was born in Limerick, Munster, Ireland, the eldest daughter of William Thomas Monsell (1843–1887), a magistrate and inspector of facturers, and Elinor Vere, daughter of Hon. Robert O'Brien, of Old Church, Limerick (son of Sir Edward O'Brien, 4th Baronet). William Thomas Monsell's father, Rev. John Samuel Bewley Monsell (1811–1875), vicar of Egham, Surrey, was first cousin to William Monsell, 1st Baron Emly; William Thomas served as Lord Emly's private secretary during his time as Postmaster General.<ref>Lodge's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage of the British Empire, John Lodge, 1907, p. 707.</ref><ref>The New Extinct Peerage 1884–1971 Containing Extinct, Abeyant, Dormant and Suspended Peerages with Genealogies and Arms, L. G. Pine, Heraldry Today, London, 1972, p. 115.</ref><ref>Burke's Peerage and Baronetage, 107th ed., 2003, vol. 2, p. 2038.</ref><ref name="Howard p. 9">{{cite book|editor-first=Frederick Arthur |editor-last=Crisp |title=Visitation of England and Wales |volume=13 |url=https://archive.org/details/visitationofengl13howa/page/n248/mode/1up|year=1905 |page=ix|publisher=Privately printed |location=London}}</ref>
At 17 years of age Elinor left Ireland for London.<ref>Ruth Hill Viguers. ''Illustrators of Children's Books, 1744–1945: Supplement, 1946–1956''. Horn Book; 1958. p. 296.</ref> Her brother John Robert Monsell was a children's author and illustrator, who collaborated with Herbert Hughes on ''Rivals!'', a 1935 musical version of Richard Brinsley Sheridan's ''The Rivals''.
She married Bernard Darwin on Tuesday, 31 July 1906 at St Luke's Church, Chelsea in London, England.<ref name="Howard p. 9" /> He was a golf writer and grandson of the British naturalist Charles Darwin.<ref>Virginia Woolf; Anne Olivier Bell. ''1920–1924''. Hogarth Press; 1977. {{ISBN|978-0-7012-0447-1}}. p. 19.</ref><ref name="Berra p. 130">Tim M. Berra. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=N3BOTPYzFkEC&pg=PA130 Darwin and His Children: His Other Legacy]''. Oxford University Press; 26 September 2013. {{ISBN|978-0-19-930944-3}}. p. 130.</ref> Their children were Ursula Darwin (1908–2011)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2010/feb/03/ursula-mommens-obituary|title=Ursula Mommens obituary|last=Whiting|first=David|date=3 February 2010|work=The Guardian|accessdate=3 February 2010}}</ref> and Sir Robert Vere Darwin (1910–1974).<ref name="Berra p. 130" />
Prior to World War II many Darwin family members became members of the Eugenics Society. Elinor became one of the Fellows of the Society, as did Leonard Darwin's wife Mildred and other Darwin wives.<ref>Tom Blaney. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=PXLn0DahAD0C&pg=PA129 The Chief Sea Lion's Inheritance]''. Troubador Publishing Ltd; 1 May 2011. {{ISBN|978-1-84876-621-1}}. p. 129.</ref>
She is buried in St Mary the Virgin Churchyard, Downe, Kent; nearby is Down House, the home of the Darwin family. An obituary by Sir Charles Tennyson was published in ''The Times''.<ref>Sir Charles Tennyson, "Obituary: Mrs. Elinor Mary Darwin." ''The Times,'' Friday, May 07, 1954; pg. 11; Issue 52925; col C.</ref>
==Education== She studied at the Slade School of Art in London,<ref name="Hutton p. 401" /> earning a scholarship in 1896.
==Career== thumb|'Daphne and Apollo' woodcut published in ''The Venture; an Annual of Art and Literature'' 1903 Elinor was active from about 1899 to 1929.<ref>Witt Library. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=uwp8_95mdPcC&pg=PA120 A Checklist of Painters, C1200–1994 Represented in the Witt Library, Courtauld Institute of Art, London]''. Taylor & Francis; 1995. {{ISBN|978-1-884964-37-4}}. p. 120, 357.</ref> Before she married, Elinor Monsell was one of the illustrators that worked with W. B. Yeats, whom she met in 1899 at Coole Park.<ref>Clare Hutton; Patrick Walsh. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Uxo7KTBKkJQC&pg=PA391 The Oxford History of the Irish Book, Volume V: The Irish Book in English, 1891–2000]''. Oxford University Press; 23 June 2011. {{ISBN|978-0-19-924911-4}}. pp. 391–401.</ref> He appreciated her woodcuts, and asked her to create a logo for the Abbey Theatre. She created a pearwood engraving of a romantic image of Queen Maeve with one of her wolfhounds that appeared on the Abbey Theatre programmes beginning in 1904. She created the cover for Stephen Gwynn's ''The Fair Hills of Ireland'', which was published in 1906. In 1907 Dun Emer Press's first pressmark was a wood engraving that she made of Lady Emer beside a tree.<ref name="Hutton p. 401">Clare Hutton; Patrick Walsh. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=Uxo7KTBKkJQC&pg=PA401 The Oxford History of the Irish Book, Volume V: The Irish Book in English, 1891–2000]''. Oxford University Press; 23 June 2011. {{ISBN|978-0-19-924911-4}}. p. 401.</ref><ref>Dun Emer Press; Elizabeth Corbet Yeats; Elinor Darwin. ''The Dun Emer Press May 1908''. Dun Emer Press; 1908.</ref>
She illustrated some of her husband's books for children, such as the ''Tale Of Mr. Tootleoo'',<ref>Bernard Darwin; Elinor Darwin. ''The Tale of Mr. Tootleoo''. Nonesuch Press; 1925.</ref> ''Every Idle Dream'',<ref>Bernard Darwin. ''Every Idle Dream ... With Illustrations by Elinor Darwin. [Essays.].''. London; 1948.</ref> and ''Mr. Tootleoo and Company.''<ref>Bernard Darwin; Elinor Darwin. ''Mr. Tootleoo and Co''. Faber & Faber; 1935.</ref> Her illustrations, and those of J.B. Yeats and William Orpen, were included in the Second Annual Volume of ''The Shanachie'', an "Irish Miscellany Illustrated" which included works be many Irish writer, including W. B. Yeats, Stephen Gwynn, Lady Gregory and George Bernard Shaw.<ref name="Hutton p. 401" /><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=rjU2AQAAIAAJ&pg=RA1-PA96 The Publishers' Circular and Booksellers' Record, Volume 87]''. London: Office of "The Publishers Circular," Limited; 1907. p. 96.</ref>
Darwin taught her husband's cousin Gwen Raverat engraving.<ref>Alan Warwick Palmer; Veronica Palmer. ''Who's Who in Bloomsbury''. Harvester Press; 1 January 1987. {{ISBN|978-0-7108-0312-2}}. p. 132.</ref>
Her paintings ''A Doorway,'' ''Child with Toy Bird'', and ''The Annunciation'' were exhibited in 1913 at the Whitechapel Exhibition of Irish Art in London.<ref>''Irish Art Loan Exhibitions, 1765–1927''. Manton Pub.; 1990. {{ISBN|978-0-9510610-4-6}}. p. 176.</ref> She painted a portrait of poet and author Aubrey Thomas De Vere when he was 87 years old.<ref>{{cite DNB12|wstitle=De Vere, Aubrey Thomas|volume=1|pages=492–493}}</ref>
== References == {{Reflist |25em}}
== External links ==
* {{LCAuth|no2008080244|Elinor Darwin|4|ue}} * {{Find a Grave|91954393}} * Works under the name Elinor Monsell at the Trinity College Dublin Library as part of the [https://digitalcollections.tcd.ie/collections/ms35tg81f?locale=en Cuala Press Collection].
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Darwin, Elinor}} Category:1879 births Category:1954 deaths Category:19th-century British engravers Category:20th-century British engravers Category:19th-century British illustrators Category:20th-century British illustrators Category:British wood engravers Category:Irish wood engravers Category:19th-century Irish engravers Category:20th-century Irish engravers Category:19th-century Irish painters Category:20th-century Irish painters Category:Artists from Limerick (city) Category:20th-century British women painters Elinor Category:19th-century British women painters Category:20th-century British printmakers Category:Alumni of the Slade School of Fine Art Category:British women engravers Category:Irish women engravers Category:19th-century Irish women painters Category:20th-century Irish women painters