{{Short description|Italian women and wife of Aldo Moro (1915–2010)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2024}} {{Infobox person | image = Aldo Moro matrimonio.jpg | birth_date = {{birth year|1915}} | birth_place = Montemarciano, Kingdom of Italy | death_date = {{death date and age|df=y|2010|07|18|1915}} | death_place = Rome, Italy | burial_place = Torrita Tiberina | spouse = {{marriage|Aldo Moro|5 April 1945|9 May 1978|reason=murdered}} | children = Maria Fida (1952-2024), Anna (1949), Agnese (1952), Giovanni (1958) }} [[File:Aldo Moro con la famiglia in udienza da Paolo VI.jpg|thumb|Chiavarelli, Aldo Moro and their children with Pope Paul VI]] '''Eleonora Chiavarelli''' (1915 – 18 July 2010) was an Italian woman who was the spouse of Aldo Moro, a politician who was kidnapped and murdered in 1978.
==Biography== Chiavarelli was born in 1915 in Montemarciano.<ref name=mont/><ref name=ttim>{{cite news|title=Eleonora Moro|url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/IF0504099335/TTDA?u=wikipedia&sid=bookmark-TTDA&xid=128147d5|access-date=10 February 2024|work=The Times|issue=70009|date=26 July 2010}}</ref> Her father was a physician.<ref>{{cite book|editor1=Ruth Glynn|year=2017| title=Remembering Aldo Moro: The Cultural Legacy of the 1978 Kidnapping and Murder|editor2=Giancarlo Lombardi|publisher=Legenda|isbn=978-1-351-55153-3|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8EMrDwAAQBAJ&pg=PP20|location=Abingdon; New York|page=20|author=David Moss|chapter=Prelude: 'A Long Preparation for Death'? The Life of Aldo Moro, 1916–1978}}</ref> During World War II Chiavarelli worked in the Italian Red Cross.<ref name=ttim/>
Chiavarelli was part of an active youth organization, Italian Catholic Federation of University Students, during her university studies.<ref name=drake/> She married Aldo Moro in Montemarciano on 5 April 1945.<ref name=drake>{{cite book|author=Richard Drake|title=The Aldo Moro Murder Case|publisher=Harvard University Press|year=1995|isbn=978-0-674-01481-7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rUohGOGzQ9cC&pg=PA6|page=6 |location=Cambridge, MA}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Montemarciano: 75 anni fa Aldo Moro si sposava nella frazione di Alberici con Eleonora Chiavarelli|url=https://www.viveresenigallia.it/2020/04/06/montemarciano-75-anni-fa-aldo-moro-si-sposava-nella-frazione-di-alberici-con-eleonora-chiavarelli/780174/|language=it|work=Vivere Senigallia|access-date=15 January 2022|date=5 April 2020}}</ref> They had four children, three daughters and a son: Maria Fida, Agnese, Anna and Giovanni.<ref name=drake/><ref name=pos/> The family spent summer holidays at their home in Terracina from 1960.<ref>{{cite news|title=Moro Murder Darkens Mood at Party's Annual Festival|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1978/09/10/moro-murder-darkens-mood-at-partys-annual-festival/60d6d39e-1e4d-4795-ae46-44bd1a79bd8a/|date=10 September 1978|author=Sari Gilbert|access-date=16 September 2023}}</ref>
Her husband, Aldo Moro, was kidnapped by a terrorist group, Red Brigades, in Rome on the morning of 16 March 1978, and his corpse was found there on 9 May 1978.<ref name=paolo>{{cite journal|author=Paolo Heywood|title=The Two Burials of Aldo Moro: Sovereignty and Governmentality in the anni di piombo|journal=The Cambridge Journal of Anthropology|year=2009|volume=29|issue=3|pages=1–28|jstor=23820821}}</ref> Following the death of Aldo Moro she did not accept the proposal of organizing a state funeral for him.<ref name=pos/><ref>{{cite news|language=it|work=Il Sussidiario|title=Eleonora Chiavarelli, moglie di Aldo Moro|access-date=15 January 2022|url=https://www.ilsussidiario.net/news/eleonora-chiavarelli-moglie-di-aldo-moro-ci-ritroveremo-ci-riameremo/2020617/|date=9 May 2020}}</ref> The family organized a private funeral ceremony which was attended only by a small number of family members and friends on 10 May.<ref name=dmoss81>{{cite journal|author=David Moss|title=The kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro|journal=European Journal of Sociology|volume=22|issue=2|year=1981|doi=10.1017/s0003975600003726|pages=279–280|s2cid=145234617}}</ref> It was Moro's request which he had written in one of his letters during his captivity.<ref name=dmoss81/> He was buried in Torrita Tiberina, near Rome.<ref name=paolo/> Chiavarelli did not attend the state funeral for Aldo Moro held in the Church of San Giovanni in Laterano on 13 May.<ref>{{cite book|author=Tobias Abbe|editor1=Stephen Gundle|editor2=Lucia Rinaldi|title=Assassinations and Murder in Modern Italy Transformations in Society and Culture|year=2007|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=New York|isbn=978-0-230-60691-3 |pages=98–99|doi=10.1057/9780230606913_8|chapter-url=https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230606913_8|chapter=The Moro Affair: Interpretations and Consequences|editor1-link=Stephen Gundle}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Umberto Gentiloni Silveri|title=The History of Contemporary Italy 1943-2019|series=Italian and Italian American Studies |year=2022|publisher=Palgrave Macmillan|location=Cham|isbn=978-3-031-14364-9|page=162|url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14364-9 |doi=10.1007/978-3-031-14364-9|s2cid=253155461}}</ref>
In her later years Chiavarelli lived in Montemarciano and in Sanctuary of NS dei Lumi di Alberici.<ref name=mont>{{cite web|title=1978-2018 Montemarciano ricorda Aldo Moro|publisher=Montemarciano News|access-date=15 January 2022|url=http://www.montemarcianoturismo.it/1978-2018-montemarcianoricorda-aldo-moro/?lang=en|date=7 May 2018}}</ref> She died in Rome on 18 July 2010 at the age of 95.<ref name=ttim/><ref name=pos>{{cite news|url=https://www.positanonews.it/2010/07/scomparsa-la-vedova-di-moro-funerali-oggi-a-torrita-tiberina/13960/|title=Scomparsa la vedova di Moro-Funerali oggi a Torrita Tiberina|work=Positano News|date=19 July 2010|language=it|access-date=15 January 2022}}</ref> She was buried in Torrita Tiberina beside her husband's grave on 19 July.<ref>{{cite news|title=Scomparsa la vedova di Moro Contestò la "linea della fermezza"|url=https://www.repubblica.it/cronaca/2010/07/19/news/e_morta_la_vedova_di_moro_funerali_oggi_a_torrita_tiberina-5668593/|access-date=15 January 2022|language=it|work=La Repubblica|date=19 July 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Widow of Aldo Moro dies aged 94 |newspaper=Times of Malta|date=20 July 2010|url=https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/widow-of-aldo-moro-dies-aged-94.318678|access-date=10 February 2024|agency=AFP}}</ref> Her eldest child, Maria Fida, did not attend the funeral ceremony.<ref>{{cite news|title=E' morta Eleonora, la vedova di Aldo Moro|url=https://www.ansa.it/web/notizie/rubriche/cronaca/2010/07/19/visualizza_new.html_1873339145.html|website=Ansa|date=19 July 2010|location=Torrita Tiberina; Rome|access-date=16 September 2023}}</ref>
===In popular culture=== In an Italian crime movie, ''The Moro Affair'', directed by Giuseppe Ferrara in 1986, Eleonora Chiavarelli was featured by Spanish actress Margarita Lozano.<ref>{{cite thesis|author=Katherine Greenburg Gilliom|title=Searching for truth: Constructing a collective memory of Aldo Moro in Italian cinema|year=2016|doi=10.17615/ppm7-0r96|location=University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill|page=53|degree=PhD}}</ref>
In Marco Bellocchio's 2022 film ''Exterior Night'', Chiavarelli was portrayed by Margherita Buy.<ref>{{cite news|title=Bellocchio: "'Outside Night' engaging story without court intentions"|url=https://www.italianpost.news/bellocchio-outside-night-engaging-story-without-court-intentions/|access-date=21 May 2023|work=Italian Post|date=3 November 2022|language=it}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Memento Moro: James Panichi reviews Exterior Night|work=Inside Story|date=2 May 2023|url=https://insidestory.org.au/memento-moro/|access-date=16 September 2023|author=James Panichi}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Chiavarelli, Eleonora}} Category:20th-century Italian women Category:21st-century Italian women Category:1915 births Category:2010 deaths Category:People from the Province of Ancona Category:Spouses of prime ministers of Italy Category:Italian Roman Catholics Category:Aldo Moro