{{Short description|Spanish satirical magazine (1973–1987)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}} {{Infobox magazine | image_file = | image_size = | image_alt = | image_caption = | editor = Carlos Navarro | editor_title = Editor-in-chief | founder = | frequency = Weekly | circulation = | category = Satirical magazine | company = | publisher = {{ubl|ELF Ediciones|Ediciones Amaika}} | founded = 1973 | firstdate = October 1973 | finaldate = 1987 | finalnumber = | country = Spain | based = Barcelona | language = Spanish | issn = }} '''''El Papus''''' was a weekly anarchist satirical magazine which existed between 1973 and 1987. Although it was subject to various negative events, it managed to continue and became one of the most popular publications in Spain.<ref name=gerar/>
==History and profile== ''El Papus'' was first published in October 1973.<ref name=maria20/><ref name=fsd20>{{cite journal|author=Frances Salgado de Dios|title=The market for satirical magazines in late Francoism and the Transition (1970-84): Dissent and political opposition|journal=International Journal of Iberian Studies|date=September 2020|volume=33|issue=2–3|pages=199,202|doi=10.1386/ijis_00028_1|s2cid=234671562 }}</ref> The founding publisher was ELF Ediciones, a subsidiary of the La Vanguardia group which also produced another satirical magazine ''Barrabás''.<ref name=maria20/><ref>{{cite book|author=Rhiannon McGlade|title=Catalan Cartoons: A Cultural and Political History|publisher=University of Wales Press|year=2016|isbn=978-1-78316-805-7|location=Cardiff|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E-yVDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA209|page=209}}</ref> From the 45th issue dated August 1974 Ediciones Amaika became its publisher which was established by Xavier de Echarri, an editor of the magazine, in June 1974.<ref name=maria20/> Carlos Navarro was the sole editor of ''El Papus'' which had an anarchist political stance and contained graphic humor which covered nearly seventy percent of its pages.<ref name=maria20>{{cite journal|author=María Iranzo Cabrera|title=(Re)negotiating Freedom of Expression in the Spanish Transition: The Case of El Papus (1973–1987)|year=2020|journal=Bulletin of Spanish Visual Studies|volume=4|issue=2 |pages=210,213,217,222–223,229,235|doi=10.1080/24741604.2020.1825126|hdl=10550/79018|s2cid=225145220|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Notable contributors included Óscar Nebreda, Iva, Ja, L'Avi, Carlos Gimenez, Gin and Ventura & Nieto.<ref name=gerar>{{cite journal|author=Gerardo Vilches |title=Satirical Panels against Censorship: A Battle That Raged during the Spanish Transition|journal=European Comic Art|date=Autumn 2018 |volume=11|issue=2|doi=10.3167/eca.2018.110203|s2cid=192855121|hdl=11268/7986|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
In 1976 ''El Papus'' sold more than 300,000 copies.<ref name=gerar/> In the early period of the next year its circulation was 142,000 copies, but it reduced to 80,569 copies by the end of the year.<ref name=fsd20/> The magazine folded in 1987.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=María Iranzo Cabrera |author2=Josep Lluís Gómez Mompar|title=El sexismo de la revista satírica El Papus (1973-1987). La lacra que cuestiona su papel liberador en la Transición española|journal=Historia y comunicación social|year=2020|volume=25|issue=2|pages=399–413|doi=10.5209/hics.72272|s2cid=230645001 |language=es|hdl=10550/79011|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
==Incidents== ''El Papus'' was subject to several bans, official warnings and attacks during its run. The first official warning was issued against the magazine after the publication of the issue seven dated December 1973.<ref name=fsd20/> It was first convicted for publishing improper material following the publication of its tenth issue.<ref name=maria20/> It was warned about the erotic images published in the issue twenty-first dated March 1974 which were regarded as detrimental to the official family concept.<ref name=maria20/> The headquarters of the magazine was seized by the Spanish security forces in January 1975 due to the material featured in the cover of the issue sixty-four, and in June 1975 the magazine was banned for four months.<ref name=maria20/>
On 20 September 1977 the editorial office of the magazine was attacked by the Alianza Apostólica Anticomunista, a fascist organization.<ref name=gerar/><ref name=memoria/> The group sent a letter bomb to the office of ''El Papus'' in Barcelona which killed one person and injured seventeen people.<ref name=gerar/><ref name=memoria>{{cite web|title=Forty years since the attack on 'El Papus'|language=es |url=https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/memoriademocratica/ca/noticia/forty-years-since-the-attack-on-el-papus/|publisher=Memòria Democràtica |access-date=13 November 2022|date=18 September 2017|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119192959/https://ajuntament.barcelona.cat/memoriademocratica/ca/noticia/forty-years-since-the-attack-on-el-papus/}}</ref> Following the attack some contributors left the magazine, including Óscar Nebreda and Gin.<ref name=fsd20/>
A cartoonist for the magazine, Luis Rey, was arrested and sentenced due to his work which portrayed the Pope in a swimsuit in the issue 412.<ref name=maria20/>
==References== {{Reflist}}
==External links== *{{Commons-inline}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Papus}} Category:1973 establishments in Spain Category:1987 disestablishments in Spain Category:Censorship in Spain Category:Defunct magazines published in Spain Category:Francoist Spain Category:Magazines established in 1973 Category:Magazines disestablished in 1987 Category:Magazines published in Barcelona Category:Satirical magazines published in Spain Category:Spanish humour Category:Spanish-language magazines Category:Spanish political satire Category:Weekly magazines published in Spain Category:Anarchist works Category:Banned magazines