Edward Tuck

{{Short description|American diplomat (1842-1938)}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Edward Tuck | image = 1917 E Tuck.jpg | office = Vice Consul of the American Legation in Paris | term_start = 1864 | term_end = 1866 | birth_date = {{Birth date|1842|08|24}} | birth_place = Exeter, New Hampshire | death_date = {{Death date and age|1938|04|30|1842|08|24}} | death_place = Monte Carlo, Monaco | occupation = Banker, Diplomat, Philanthropist | education = Philips Exeter Academy Dartmouth College | alma_mater = | parents = Amos Tuck Sarah Ann Nudd | spouse = {{marriage|Julia Stell |1872|1929|reason=her death}} | known_for = Tuck School of Business | awards = Legion of Honour Prix de Vertu | relations = Amos Tuck French (nephew) | caption = Autochrome by Georges Chevalier, 1917 }}

'''Edward Tuck''' (August 24, 1842 – April 30, 1938)<ref name="ETObit1938"/> was an American banker, diplomat, and philanthropist. He is known for funding the establishment of the Tuck School of Business at his alma mater, Dartmouth College. The son of Amos Tuck, a founder of the Republican Party, Edward Tuck served as the Vice Consul in Paris, and gained his fortune as a partner of the banking firm {{ill|John Munroe & Co.|fr|John Munroe and company}}.<ref name="nhhistory">{{cite web|title=Tuck, Edward.|url=https://www.nhhistory.org/Catalog/NHHS/Archives/Oversized-Materials-7542/Tuck,-Edward-7809|website=nhhistory.org|publisher=New Hampshire Historical Society|access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref>

==Early life== Tuck was born in Exeter, New Hampshire, on August 24, 1842. He was the son of Sarah Ann Nudd (1810–1847) and political figure Amos Tuck (1810–1879). His half-sister was Ellen Tuck French (1838–1915), who was married to Francis Ormond French, President of the Manhattan Trust Company.

Tuck was educated at Philips Exeter Academy and Dartmouth College, where he roomed with future College president William Jewett Tucker and was a member of Psi Upsilon fraternity.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.dartmouth.edu/~library/Library_Bulletin/Nov1992/LB-N92-KCramer1.html|title=Notes from the Dartmouth Library Special Collection|publisher=Dartmouth College|access-date=14 February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mr. Tuck 75 Years After Graduation {{!}} Dartmouth Alumni Magazine {{!}} June 1937 |url=https://archive.dartmouthalumnimagazine.com/article/1937/6/1/mr-tuck-75-years-after-graduation |access-date=2023-08-09 |website=Dartmouth Alumni Magazine {{!}} The Complete Archive |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Career== He began his career in 1864, he was appointed by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln as the Vice Consul in Paris under U.S. Ambassador John Bigelow. In the following year, he resigned, shortly before the Franco-Prussian War, and joined the banking firm Munroe & Co., where he was made a partner in 1871.<ref name="Tuckdartmouth">{{cite web|last1=Cramer|first1=Kenneth C.|title=Mr. Edward Tuck|url=https://www.dartmouth.edu/~library/Library_Bulletin/Nov1992/LB-N92-KCramer1.html|website=www.dartmouth.edu|publisher=Dartmouth College|access-date=14 February 2018|language=en}}</ref>

He retired from banking in 1881, and, in 1889, went to live as an expatriate in France, where he donated an art collection valued at $5 million, and funds for hospitals and other institutions.

===Philanthropy=== Upon graduating from Dartmouth College, Tuck made a donation of one dollar to the College for "unrestricted use."<ref name="Tuckdartmouth"/> After his college roommate and longtime friend, William Jewett Tucker, became president of Dartmouth, Edward Tuck became one of Dartmouth's most prolific benefactors. Tuck gave Tuck Drive,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Meacham|first1=Scott|date=June 2008|title=Dartmouth College: An Architectural Tour|edition=1st |publisher=Princeton Architectural Press |location=New York, NY |isbn=978-1568983486|pages=171|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GHGMuxDDxUIC&q=dartmouth%20tuck%20drive&pg=PT171}}</ref> an aesthetic bypass and 3,800 ft private highway; the College President's House; the Tuck School, and its grouping of buildings; art works from his private collection; and large cash contributions.<ref name="Tuckdartmouth"/>

In 1899, Tuck initially donated $300,000 — in the form of 1,700 shares of preferred stock in the Great Northern Railway Company of Minnesota — to Dartmouth to endow the Amos Tuck School of Administration and Finance, in memory of his father.<ref name="1899Donation">{{cite news|title=GIVES $300,000 TO DARTMOUTH.; Edward Tuck, the Donor, Provides that It Shall Be Used for Instruction Solely.|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=980DE4DE133DE633A25753C2A96F9C94689ED7CF&legacy=true|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=20 September 1899}}</ref><ref name="Dartmouth">{{cite web|last1=Dartmouth|first1=Tuck School of Business at|title=Tuck School of Business {{!}} History|url=https://www.tuck.dartmouth.edu/about/facts-and-figures/history|website=www.tuck.dartmouth.edu|access-date=14 February 2018|language=en}}</ref> He then donated another $100,000, in 1901, to build the first Tuck Hall (now McNutt Hall). In 1929, after solicitation from Ernest Martin Hopkins, the 11th President of Dartmouth, Tuck donated 600 shares of Chase National Bank, which was sold for $567,766. His gifts to the Tuck School are estimated at over $18 million as of 2017.<ref name="our history">{{cite web|url=http://www.tuck.edu/about/history/index.html |title=About Tuck: Our History |publisher=Tuck School of Business |access-date=2007-11-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070524141711/http://www.tuck.edu/about/history/index.html |archive-date=2007-05-24 }}</ref>

Other recipients of Tuck's philanthropy included two hospitals (including Stell Hospital<ref>{{Cite web|last=à 00h00|first=Par Frédéric MouchonLe 24 janvier 2004|date=2 January 2004|title=L'hôpital Stell fête son centenaire|url=https://www.leparisien.fr/hauts-de-seine-92/l-hopital-stell-fete-son-centenaire-24-01-2004-2004705568.php|access-date=28 July 2020|website=leparisien.fr|language=fr-FR}}</ref>), a school, the American University Center in Paris, art collections in France, and the restoration of Roman monument, Tropaeum Alpium. In addition, he donated funds to the New Hampshire Historical Society to build its New Hampshire History Building housing the Tuck Library, and donated to his alma mater, Philips Exeter Academy.<ref name="Tuckdartmouth"/>

==Personal life==

In 1872, Tuck married Julia Stell of Philadelphia, for whom Stell Hall, the dining hall at Tuck School is named.<ref name="1929Wealth">{{cite news|title=Edward Tuck Devotes His Wealth to France; Edward Tuck|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9A0DE4DF173FE731A25752C0A96F9C946895D6CF&legacy=true|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=1 September 1929}}</ref><ref name="Tuckdartmouth"/> As a country residence, Tuck lived at Domaine de Vert-Mont and Château de Bois-Préau, near Château de Malmaison and the western bank of the Seine in Rueil-Malmaison. The home was formerly owned by Empress Joséphine, wife of Napoléon Bonaparte, and Queen mother Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, widow of King Ferdinand VII of Spain who lived there with her second husband Agustín Fernando Muñoz, Duke of Riánsares, until she sold the home in 1861 to Napoleon III.

Tuck's wife died on November 12, 1929.<ref name="ETObit1938"/> He died on April 30, 1938, in Monte Carlo, Monaco.<ref name="ETObit1938">{{cite news|title=EDWARD TUCK DIES; PHILANTHROPIST, 95; One of Leading Americans in France, Famed There for Many Benefactions GAVE MUCH TO DARTMOUTH Contributions to College Ran to Millions--Honor Legion Gave Him Grand Cross Honored by France. Gave Millions to Dartmouth Native of New Hampshire Aided National Museum Praised by Dartmouth Leader|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C05E6DE123CEF3ABC4953DFB3668383629EDE&legacy=true|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=1 May 1938}}</ref> His funeral was held at the American Cathedral in Paris,<ref name="1938Tribute">{{cite news|title=FRENCH PAY TRIBUTE AT FUNERAL OF TUCK; Philanthropist's Life Praised by Many Leaders in Paris|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F03E0DD1538EE3ABC4F53DFB3668383629EDE&legacy=true|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=7 May 1938}}</ref> and he was buried alongside his wife at the Saint-Germain-en-Laye cemetery.<ref name="1938Street"/>

His estate was valued at $3,514,487 at the time of his death.<ref name="1938Will">{{cite news|title=MANY REMEMBERED IN WILL BY TUCK; Philanthropist, Who Died in France, Made Gifts to Friends, Public KIN CHIEF BENEFICIARIES Nephew and Grandniece Get Largest Share in Residue of the Estate Homestead Left to Niece Those Named in the Will Boys Club Shares in Estate L. F. Straus Left $2,736,392|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9F0DE1DD1238EE3ABC4051DFB3668383629EDE&legacy=true|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=28 May 1938}}</ref><ref name="1941Estate">{{cite news|title=$751,455 IN TUCK ESTATE; Philanthropist Left $3,514,487 in 1938, Accounting Shows|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/11/11/archives/751455-in-tuck-estate-philanthropist-left-3514487-in-1938.html|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=11 November 1941}}</ref>

===Legacy=== In 1929, Tuck received the Grand Cross as a promotion in the Legion of Honour, the highest award in the Legion the French Government can bestow.<ref name="1929Award">{{cite news|title=France Honors Edward Tuck.|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9907EFD91131E33ABC4850DFB7668382639EDE&legacy=true|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=January 30, 1929}}</ref> The Tucks were also awarded the Prix de Vertu by the French Academy in 1916, the first Americans to receive the award.<ref name="ETObit1938"/> In 1932, Tuck was made an honorary citizen of France, the highest honor the government could give.<ref name="library">{{cite web|title=He Gave Away Millions|url=http://www.hampton.lib.nh.us/hampton/biog/edwardtuckofexeter.htm|website=Lane Memorial Library|publisher=The Exeter News Letter|access-date=February 22, 2018|first=Olive|last=Tardiff}}</ref>

In Paris, Avenue Edward Tuck runs a short distance between the Petit Palais and the Place de la Concorde, parallel to the Avenue des Champs-Élysées.<ref name="1938Street">{{cite news|title=TO NAME STREET FOR TUCK; Paris to Honor Late American Philanthropist --Rites Fridayday|url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9805EEDF1538EE3ABC4C53DFB3668383629EDE&legacy=true|access-date=14 February 2018|work=The New York Times|date=4 May 1938}}</ref> In La Turbie, France, a street is also named ''Rue Edward Tuck''.<ref name="library"/>

In Rome, the Edward Tuck Museum, on the site of the Tropaeum Alpium, documents the restoration of the monument, of which Tuck funded.

Asteroid 1038 Tuckia is named after him and his wife.<ref name="springer">{{cite book |title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1038) Tuckia |last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D. |publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg |page = 89 |date = 2007 |isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3 |doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1039 |chapter = (1038) Tuckia }} The name was proposed by Mme. Gabrielle Camille Flammarion in honor of Mr. and Mrs. Tuck, "generous friends of humanity and of France, benefactors of the Juvisy Observatory, of the Institut d'Optique and of so many other useful works" ([https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9628962h/f243.item ''L’Astronomie'', Vol. 41, p. 229 (1927)]).</ref>{{clear left}}

== References == ;Notes {{reflist|30em}}

;Sources *''1939 Britannica Book of the Year'' (Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.), p. 673.

==External links== {{Commons category|Edward Tuck}} *{{find a Grave|37326783}} * [https://archives-manuscripts.dartmouth.edu/repositories/2/resources/1349 The Papers of the Tuck Family] at Dartmouth College Library * [https://archives-manuscripts.dartmouth.edu/repositories/2/resources/2246 Franklin Brooks Collection on the Life of Edward Tuck] at Dartmouth College Library

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tuck, Edward}} Category:1842 births Category:1938 deaths Category:People from Exeter, New Hampshire Category:Dartmouth College alumni Category:Tuck School of Business people Category:American diplomats Category:American expatriates in France Category:American expatriates in Monaco Category:19th-century American businesspeople Category:Activists from New Hampshire Category:Phillips Exeter Academy alumni Category:American recipients of the Legion of Honour