Edward Chapman (British Army officer)

{{Short description|British Army general}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}} {{Infobox military person |honorific_prefix = General |name = Sir Edward Chapman |honorific_suffix = {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB|FRGS}} |image = Edward Francis Chapman.jpg |image_size = |alt = |caption = Sir Edward Chapman |native_name = |native_name_lang = |birth_name = |nickname = |birth_date = {{birth date|1840|11|14|df=y}} |birth_place = Calcutta, India |death_date = {{Death date and age|1926|05|12|1840|11|14|df=y}} |death_place = Limpsfield, Surrey |burial_place = |burial_label = |burial_coordinates =  |allegiance = {{flag|United Kingdom|23px}} |branch = {{flag|British India|23px}} {{flag|United Kingdom|23px}} |service_years = 1858–1906 |rank = General |service_number =  |unit = Bengal Artillery Royal Artillery |commands = Colonel Commandant Royal Artillery Scottish District |battles = British Expedition to Abyssinia Second Anglo-Afghan War Third Anglo-Burmese War |battles_label = |awards = Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath Mentioned in Dispatches |memorials = |spouse =  |relations = |other_work = Geographer |signature = |signature_size = |signature_alt = |website =  |module = }} General '''Sir Edward Francis Chapman''' {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|KCB|FRGS}} (14 November 1840 – 12 May 1926) was a senior British Army officer who commanded the Army in Scotland and was the ceremonial head of the Royal Regiment of Artillery.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/whoswho1914001352mbp#page/n415/mode/2up/search/Chapman|title=Who's Who 1914|access-date=4 November 2014}}</ref>

== Military career == He was commissioned into the Bengal Artillery in 1858, which was later amalgamated into the Royal Artillery.<ref name=lh>[http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/CHAPMAN1.shtml Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives]</ref> He quickly caught the attention of Sir Frederick Roberts who predicted that Chapman would "make his mark". He was duly selected to fight in the British Expedition to Abyssinia between 1867 and 1868 as the commander of No. 5 Battery, 21st Brigade. He was present at the action of Arogee and at the fall of Magdala, working as aide-de-camp to Brigadier-General Petrie and being mentioned in dispatches for his services. Chapman was part of a mission to Yarkand in China in 1874.<ref name=lh/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/y/019pho0000355s1u00090000.html|publisher=British Library|title=Yarkund Mission, 1873. - View in Bazar, Leh. 355190|access-date=22 September 2014|archive-date=12 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150712004602/http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/y/019pho0000355s1u00090000.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Edward Francis Chapman photographs of Yarkand and Kashgar, 1873-1874|url=http://hdl.handle.net/10020/cifa2017r16|access-date=14 November 2020|website=Getty Research Institute|hdl=10020/cifa2017r16}}</ref> He served in the Second Anglo-Afghan War from 1878 to 1880, and was Sir Frederick Roberts' Chief of Staff during the march from Kabul to Kandahar.<ref name=lh/>

He was appointed Military Secretary to the Commander-in-Chief, India in 1881 and went on the Burma expedition in 1885.<ref name=lh/> He was Quartermaster-General for India from 1885 to 1889, and introduced a system of organised native brothels for British other ranks in the hope of reducing the incidence of venereal diseases.<ref>Philippa Levine, ''Prostitution, Race, and Politics: Policing Venereal Disease in the British Empire'' (Psychology Press, 2003), 96-7.</ref> He became the second Director of Military Intelligence at the War Office in 1891. He was aide-de-camp to Queen Victoria in 1891.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/whoswho1914001352mbp#page/n415/mode/2up/search/Chapman|title=Who's Who 1914|access-date=4 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=25054 |date=30 December 1881 |page=6929}}</ref> As an active member of the Royal Geographical Society, he presented several lectures and wrote numerous papers on the effects of physical geography on the tactics and success of military operations.<ref>E. F. Chapman, ''Lecture on Physical Geography in Its Relation to Military Operations'' (Kessinger Publishing, 2010)</ref> Additionally, he wrote several books about military geography and the history of the British Indian Army.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.co.uk/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Edward+Francis+Chapman%22&gws_rd=ssl|title=Google booklist|first= Edward Francis |last=Chapman|access-date=22 September 2014}}</ref> He was promoted to major-general in 1889, lieutenant-general in 1892, and general in March 1896.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/whoswho1914001352mbp#page/n415/mode/2up/search/Chapman|title=Who's Who 1914|access-date=4 November 2014}}</ref> Chapman was made Commander Scottish District in 1896, a post he held until May 1901.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27312 |date=10 May 1901 |page=3202}}</ref> He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath in 1905 and retired in 1906.<ref name=lh/><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27926|date=29 June 1906|supp=y |page=4459}}</ref> He was appointed a Colonel-Commandant of the Royal Regiment of Artillery on 14 January 1903,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27523 |date=10 February 1903 |page=843}}</ref> and was Master Gunner, St James's Park, the ceremonial commander of the Royal Artillery, between 1919 and 1926.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.garenewing.co.uk/angloafghanwar/biography/celebrities.php|title=Celebrities of the Army|publisher=Anglo-Afghan War|access-date=22 October 2014}}</ref>

== Personal life == On 3 December 1886 he married Georgiana Bayley,<ref name=temple/> daughter of Edward Clive Bayley.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/whoswho1914001352mbp#page/n415/mode/2up/search/Chapman|title=Who's Who 1914|access-date=4 November 2014}}</ref>

He lived at Limpsfield in Surrey.<ref name=temple>[http://www.proni.gov.uk/introduction__templehouse_papers_mic597.pdf The Templehouse Papers]</ref> He was an Esquire of the Venerable Order of Saint John and a member of the Athenaeum Club, London.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/whoswho1914001352mbp#page/n415/mode/2up/search/Chapman|title=Who's Who 1914|access-date=4 November 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/dodspeeragebaron00unse/dodspeeragebaron00unse_djvu.txt|title=Dod's Peerage|access-date=22 August 2014}}</ref>

The Anglican priest and London County Council member the Rev Hugh Boswell Chapman was a younger brother.<ref>Hughes-Hughes, WO, ''The Register of Tonbridge School from 1820 to 1893'', (1893: Richard Bentley) p 141.</ref>

== References == {{reflist}}

== External links == * Edward Francis Chapman photographs of Yarkand and Kashgar, 1873-1874, Getty Research Institute, Los Angeles, Accession no. 2017.R.16. The album of 90 photographs documents the information gathering mission from Leh, India to Yarkand (Shache) China led by Sir T. D. Forsyth in 1873. The photographs portray the southern branch of the Silk Road and its routes, and are the first photographic record made of the indigenous inhabitants of Chinese Turkistan.

{{s-start}} {{s-mil}} {{s-bef|before=Hugh Rowlands}} {{s-ttl|title=GOC Scottish District|years=1896–1901}} {{s-aft|after=Archibald Hunter}} |- {{s-bef|before=Henry Brackenbury}} {{s-ttl|title=Director of Military Intelligence|years=1891–1896}} {{s-aft|after=John Charles Ardagh}} |- {{s-hon}} {{succession box | title=Master Gunner, St James's Park | before=Francis Ward | after=Lord Horne | years=1919–1926}} {{s-end}} {{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chapman, Edward}} Category:1840 births Category:1926 deaths Category:Bengal Artillery officers Category:British Army generals Category:British historians Category:British military personnel of the Second Anglo-Afghan War Category:Esquires of the Order of St John Category:Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society Category:Graduates of the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich Category:Graduates of the Staff College, Camberley Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath Category:Military personnel from Kolkata Category:Royal Artillery officers Category:British military personnel of the Abyssinian War Category:British military personnel of the Third Anglo-Burmese War Category:19th-century British Army personnel Category:20th-century British Army personnel

Edward Chapman (British Army officer)

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