{{Short description|English noble and naval commander}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} [[File:Medieval Stained glass window, St Marys Nettlestead (geograph 3847967).jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.13|The arms of Echyngham (right), ''Azure fretty argent'', and those of Rykhill (left), ''Gules, two bars gemelles between three annulets argent'', in late medieval glass at [[Nettlestead, Kent]].]] Sir '''Edward Echyngham''' (ante 1483 – 8 July 1527), (also '''Etchingham''', '''Itchyngham''', etc.), of [[Barsham, Suffolk|Barsham]] and Ipswich in Suffolk, was a commander on land and at sea, briefly Constable of [[Limerick Castle]], and Collector of Customs at [[Ipswich]]. He is remembered as the author of a letter to [[Thomas Wolsey|Cardinal Wolsey]] describing the death of [[Edward Howard (admiral)|Lord Admiral Howard]] at [[Battle of Saint-Mathieu|Brest]] in 1513.<ref name="Spont 145-54">'76. Edward Echyngham to Wolsey', in A. Spont (ed.), ''Letters and Papers Relating to the War with France, 1512–1513'', Navy Records Society, Vol. X (1897), [https://archive.org/details/letterspapersrel00sponuoft/page/144/mode/2up pp. 145-54] (Internet Archive).</ref> From 1485 the presence of the Howard [[Duke of Norfolk|Dukes of Norfolk]] was felt directly along the Barsham reach of the [[River Waveney]] from their possession of [[Bungay Castle]].
== Background == The Echyngham family, hereditary stewards of the [[Rape of Hastings]] during the 12th and 13th centuries, were seated at [[Etchingham]] in Sussex.<ref>N. Saul, ''Scenes from Provincial Life. Knightly Families in Sussex 1280–1400'' (Clarendon Press, Oxford 1986).</ref><ref>E. Searle, ''Lordship and Community: Battle Abbey and its Banlieu, 1066–1538'' (Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies) (Toronto (Canada), 1974), [https://books.google.com/books?id=V6hmAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA51 pp. 49-53], and [https://books.google.com/books?id=V6hmAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA210 pp. 201-11] Google).</ref> Their lordship descended in direct male line to Sir Thomas Echyngham (died 1444), son of Sir William de Echyngham (died 1412) and his wife, Joan Maltravers (died 1404), daughter of [[John FitzAlan, 1st Baron Arundel]] and [[Eleanor Maltravers]]. Sir William, Dame Joan and Sir Thomas were commemorated in a tripartite canopied [[monumental brass|brass]] with military figures in Etchingham church, which had been rebuilt by Sir William's father, an elder Sir William (died 1388).<ref>W. Slater, 'Echingham Church', ''Sussex Archaeological Collections'', IX (1857), [http://www.archive.org/stream/sussexarchaeolo36socigoog#page/n381/mode/2up pp. 343-60] (Internet Archive).</ref>
Sir Thomas Echyngham had two sisters, Elizabeth (who married first Sir Thomas Hoo of [[Mulbarton, Norfolk]] (died 1420), and second Sir Thomas Lewknor of [[Horsted Keynes]] (died 1452)),<ref>D. Richardson ed. K. Everingham, ''Magna Carta Ancestry'' 2nd Edition (Salt Lake City 2011), III, p. 18;</ref> and Joan, who married John Rykhill.<ref>'503. Inquisition at Winchelsea, 1415', ''Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous (Chancery)'', VII: 1399–1422 (HMSO 1968), pp. 278-83, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000095331678&view=1up&seq=292 at p. 280] (HathiTrust).</ref><ref>John Rykhill was son of the prominent justice William Rykhill, and became senior Master of the Linenweavers' Company of London in 1433: see R. Griffin, 'Monumental Brasses in Kent: Northfleet', ''Archaeologia Cantiana'' XXXII (1917), pp. 27-75, [https://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/sites/default/files/archcant/1917%2032%20Monumental%20Brasses%20in%20Kent%20Griffin_1.pdf especially at pp. 58-64] (Kent Archaeology pdf).</ref> The Echyngham family bore the arms ''azure fretty argent''. [[File:Barsham church, Suffolk from NE.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.13|The East wall of Barsham church, with reticulated or "fretty" flushwork and tracery.]]
=== The Echynghams of Barsham === Sir Thomas married Margaret Knyvet by 1424. Margaret was daughter of [[John Knyvet (MP for Huntingdonshire)|John Knyvet, M.P.]] (1359–1418) (whose wife Joan Botetourt had brought [[Mendlesham]] to the family in marriage):<ref>W.A. Copinger, ''The Manors of Suffolk'', Vol. III (Taylor, Garnett, Evans, and Co., Ltd, Manchester 1909), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=njp.32101079831861&view=1up&seq=293 pp. 278-79] (Internet Archive).</ref> her grandfather was [[John Knyvet]] the [[Lord Chancellor]]. Margaret had first married Sir Robert de Tye (died 1415) of [[Barsham, Suffolk|Barsham]], between [[Bungay]] and [[Beccles]] in Suffolk,<ref>F.H. Suckling, 'Some notes on Barsham juxta Beccles' (first and second parts), in W.D. Selby (ed.), ''The Genealogist'', New Series XXI (George Bell and Sons, London 1905), [https://archive.org/details/genealogist2119selb/page/n269/mode/2up pp. 124-42] and [https://archive.org/details/genealogist2119selb/page/n507/mode/2up pp. 243-50] (Internet Archive).</ref> and, secondly, Sir Thomas Marny of [[Layer Marney]] in Essex, whose will, made in 1417, was proved in November 1421.<ref>Will of Sir Thomas Marny of Layer Marney (P.C.C. 1421, Marche quire); see The National Archives (UK), Early Chancery Proceedings , ''Marny v Marny'', [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7441091 ref. C 1/22/16] (Discovery). View original at AALT, [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT4/ChP/C1no22/IMG_0019.htm image 0019].</ref> So Barsham came to her third husband, Sir Thomas Echyngham, who made his first [[advowson|presentation to the rectory]] there in 1424 and had two sons and two daughters with her. Their elder son Thomas (born c. 1425) inherited the Sussex estates: the manor of Barsham, with those of [[Kessingland]] and Blaunchards (in [[Heveningham]]), descended to the younger son, Richard, so establishing the Suffolk line. The sister Anne Echyngham married [[John Tuchet, 6th Baron Audley]] (died 1491).<ref>Suckling, 'Barsham juxta Beccles' (first and second parts).</ref>
[[File:Waveney meadows east from Shipmeadow toward Barsham, Suffolk.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.13|Waveney meadows at Geldeston looking east towards Barsham]] In 1461 Richard Echyngham bequeathed Barsham Hall (with the [[advowson]]) to John, his son by Jane Picot,<ref>His first wife, stepdaughter of Sir [[John Prysot]], for whom see R.J. Schoeck, 'Prysot [Prisot], Sir John (d. 1461)', ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography'' (2004).</ref> leaving a lifetime tenure of "The Knyghtes Chambyr" at the west end of the Hall to his mother, Dame Margaret, and the beds from the great chamber on the east side, and from the lesser chamber, to his widow Elizabeth (Jernegan<ref>The Echyngham /Jernegan marriage is evidenced in Early Chancery Proceedings, C 1/27/277: [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT4/ChP/C1no27/C1no27%20nos%201-299/IMG_0361.htm AALT image 0361], and C 1/29/36-41: [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT4/ChP/C1no29/C1no29nos%201-300/IMG_0052.htm AALT images 0052-0064].</ref>), John's stepmother.<ref>'Will of Richard Echyngham of Barsham', in Suckling, 'Barsham juxta Beccles' (first part), [https://archive.org/details/genealogist2119selb/page/n291/mode/2up pp. 135-36] (Internet Archive).</ref>
Barsham church (its east front [[flushwork]] and [[tracery]] showing the Echyngham ''[[Variation of the field#Fretty and trellise|fretty]]'' heraldry) and its rectory stand on rising land overlooking the [[River Waveney|Waveney]] valley from the south.<ref>Slater, 'Echyngham Church'.</ref> The Hall was on the low ground some 600 metres to the north, at the edge of the river plain opposite [[Geldeston]],<ref>'Notes, Letters and Sketches concerning Barsham Hall, compiled 1915/1919', in Farrer-Harris Antiquarian Collections, Suffolk Record Office (Ipswich) ref. HD 78:1671: see illustrative material in 'Barsham Old Hall' at B. Jehan's ''[http://www.blennerhassettfamilytree.com/Barsham-Old-Hall%2C-Suffolk.php Blennerhassett Family History]'' website.</ref> and held fishery and swannery rights downstream towards [[Roos Hall]] fleet,<ref>A.I. Suckling, ''The History and Antiquities of the County of Suffolk'', 2 vols (John Weale, London 1846), I, [https://archive.org/details/historyantiquiti01suckuoft/page/44/mode/2up pp. 44-46] (Internet Archive); N.F. Ticehurst, 'The Swan-Marks of Suffolk', ''Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology'' (1931), p. 139ff, at p. 142.</ref> rights which were defended at the common pleas.<ref>E.g. swan-poaching at Barsham, CP 40/888 dorses, [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT3/R3/CP40no888/bCP40no888dorses/IMG_0735.htm AALT image 0735] (rot 51); CP 40/889 front, [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT3/R3/CP40no889/aCP40no889fronts/IMG_0407.htm AALT image 0407] (rot 218). (1483–1484).</ref> The manor lay near the Garneys residences at Roos Hall and [[Redisham]] Hall, and the manor of [[Shipmeadow]], an endowment of [[Mettingham College]].<ref>'Roos or Rose Hall, Beccles', in W. Copinger (ed. H.E. Copinger), ''The Manors of Suffolk'', vol. 7 (Taylor, Garnett , Evans & Co., Ltd., Manchester 1911), [https://archive.org/details/cu31924092579600/page/n173/mode/2up pp. 159-60]; see also Barsham, pp. 153-57 (contains some inaccuracies); Redisham, pp. 203-05; and Shipmeadow, pp. 213-14.</ref>
John Echyngham married Anne Wingfield, daughter of Sir John Wingfield of [[Letheringham]] and his wife Elizabeth FitzLewis, and they became the parents of Edward Echingham of Barsham and his younger brother Francis. Among Anne's brothers were [[Richard Wingfield|Sir Richard]], Sir Robert and [[Humphrey Wingfield|Sir Humphrey Wingfield]]. Her brother John Wingfield married Anne Tuchet (daughter of Anne Echyngham), whose son was [[Anthony Wingfield|Sir Anthony Wingfield]].<ref>F.H. Suckling, 'Some notes on Barsham juxta Beccles', ''The Genealogist'' XXI (1905), [https://archive.org/details/genealogist2119selb/page/n519/mode/2up pp. 249-50] and XXII (1906), [https://archive.org/details/genealogis_22selb/page/n125/mode/2up pp. 52-61].</ref><ref>J.M. Blatchly, 'The lost and mutilated memorials of the Bovile and Wingfield families of Letheringham', ''Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute for Archaeology and History'' XXXIII Part 2 (1974), [http://suffolkinstitute.pdfsrv.co.uk/customers/Suffolk%20Institute/2014/01/10/Volume%20XXXIII%20Part%202%20(1974)_Lost%20and%20mutilated%20memorials%20of%20Bovile%20J%20M%20Blatchly_168%20to%20200.pdf pp. 168-94 & Pls XIV-XIX] (Suffolk Institute pdf); see also D. MacCulloch and J. Blatchly, 'A house fit for a queen: Wingfield House in Tacket Street, Ipswich and its heraldic room', ''Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and History'' XXXVIII Pt 1 (1993), [http://suffolkinstitute.pdfsrv.co.uk/customers/Suffolk%20Institute/2014/01/10/Volume%20XXXVIII%20Part%201%20(1993)_A%20house%20fit%20for%20a%20Queen%20D%20N%20J%20MacCulloch%20J%20M%20Blatchly_13%20to%2034.pdf pp. 13-34] (Suffolk Institute pdf).</ref> The death of Richard Echyngham's elder brother Thomas in 1483 without a surviving son<ref>Thomas, the first husband of Eleanor Hoo, died before 1472: see Early Chancery Proceedings, C 1/44/188: [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT4/ChP/C1no44/IMG_0299.htm AALT image 0299].</ref> left John and his descendants as the principal male representatives of the Echingham name, and John sought unsuccessfully to recover the Sussex estates in 1486.<ref>Common Pleas, CP 40/895, [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT3/H7/CP40no895/aCP40no895fronts/IMG_0266.htm AALT image 266 front, rot 144] and [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT3/H7/CP40no895/bCP40no895dorses/IMG_0565.htm image 565 dorse, rot 13] (1486).</ref> John Echyngham's last presentation to the rectory of Barsham was in 1514, and the next was made by Sir Edward in 1516.<ref>A.I. Suckling, ''The History and Antiquities of the County of Suffolk'', 2 vols (John Weale, London 1846), I, [https://archive.org/details/historyantiquiti01suckuoft/page/44/mode/2up pp. 44-46] (Internet Archive).</ref>
== Actions in 1512–1514 == Edward Echyngham was already an experienced and trusted naval captain during his father's lifetime, before he inherited the lordship of Barsham. At the onset of Henry VIII's hostilities with the French, "Echyngham" supplied 9 soldiers for war in May 1512.<ref>'1176.3 List of soldiers', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt 1, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029307448&view=1up&seq=585 p. 553] (HathiTrust).</ref> After Lord Admiral Sir [[Edward Howard (admiral)|Edward Howard]] had harried the coasts of Brittany, and scoured those of Normandy, he lay off the [[Isle of Wight]] while "diverse shippes kept the North seas, under the conduite of sir Edward Ichyngham, Ihon Lewes, Ihon Louedaie, which diligently skowred the seas." The King armed his navy as ships of war, "and then caused soldiers mete for the same shippes, to muster on [[Blackheath, London#History|black Hethe]], and he appointed captaines for that tyme, sir [[Anthony Ughtred|Anthony Oughtred]], sir Edward Ichyngham, [[Sir William Sidney|William Sidney]], whiche shortly shipped and came before the Isle of Wight."<ref>'The IIIJth Yere of King Henry the VIIJ', in ''Hall's Chronicle containing the History of England'' (J. Johnson, F.C. and J. Rivington, etc., London 1809), [https://archive.org/details/hallschronicleco00halluoft/page/532/mode/2up pp. 533-34] (Internet Archive).</ref>
The King reviewed the navy at [[Portsmouth]], making captains of [[Thomas Knevet]] and John Carew (for the ''[[HMS Regent|Regent]]'') and [[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk|Charles Brandon]] and [[Henry Guildford]] (''Soveraigne''), and gave a banquet for all the captains, who swore before the king to defend and comfort one another.<ref>''Hall's Chronicle'', p. 534.</ref> After Knyvet and Carew were lost with the ''Regent'' in [[Battle of Saint-Mathieu|August 1512]], in September Echyngham was appointed to captain ''The Lizard'', with Sir Weston Browne in ''The Great Bark'' and others, to keep the seas northerly for the winter.<ref>'1413. [4474] Navy', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt. 1 (1920), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029307448&view=1up&seq=676 pp. 644-45] (HathiTrust).</ref> In February 1513 he was assigned to ''The Germyne'' with portage of 100, 10 men of his own, 10 of Sir Robert Lovell's and 40 of Sir Thomas Lovell's retinue, and 40 mariners:<ref>Spont, ''Letters and Papers'', [https://archive.org/details/letterspapersrel00sponuoft/page/84/mode/2up p. 84] (Internet Archive).</ref> but by a further reassignment he captained the ''Second new Spaniard'', of 280 tonnes, with the men of Coventry and of Sir Thomas Greynfeld, portage 198.<ref>' 1661 [3591], Navy: .3 [3977] and .4 [4377]', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt. 1, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029307448&view=1up&seq=781 pp. 749-53] (HathiTrust).</ref>
=== The engagement at Brest === By March 1513 a French fleet had assembled at Brest, and Lord Admiral Howard, sailing from the Thames on 10 March, left Plymouth with his fleet on 3 April to blockade them there, not waiting for supplies. Echyngham, taking his own ship, came out of [[Queenborough]] on 13 April 1513.<ref>'1812. William Gonson to Wolsey', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt 2, 2nd Edition (HMSO 1920), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=13 pp. 831-32] (HathiTrust).</ref> Having pursued three French [[man-of-war|men of war]] to [[Fécamp Abbey]], on 19 April he convoyed the supply ships safely past companies of French sail to the King's great army, which lay in the waters at [[Brest, France|Brest]]. Three days later the navy was attacked by 6 French galleys and 4 foysts, which then made up to White Sand Bay north of [[Le Conquet]]. The Admiral's plan to land 6000 men on 24 April was abandoned with the arrival of [[William Sabine]] of Ipswich, as the captains were engaged in victualling.<ref name="Spont 145-54" />
Howard's assault on the French galleys the following day ended in disaster: after boarding the galley of [[Prégent de Bidoux]] he became separated from his company, was thrust against the rails with morris-pikes, cast overboard, and drowned. The captains having chosen [[Walter Devereux, 1st Viscount Hereford|Lord Ferrers]] to lead them, Wulstan Brown sent Echyngham and Harper (''John Baptist of Harwich'') back to "Hampton" (i.e. [[Southampton]]) "for to wafte the vytlers unto them". The whole navy returned to [[Plymouth]] on 31 April, many suffering or dying from sickness. Echyngham, who met with [[William Gonson]] beyond [[Isle of Portland|Portland]], having brought victuallers wrote to Wolsey on 5 May from Hampton: his letter reported eye-witness accounts, and spoke of the resolute leadership needed for further action against the enemy.<ref name="Spont 145-54" /> Sabyn had written to Wolsey a week previously.<ref>Spont, ''Letters and Papers'', [https://archive.org/details/letterspapersrel00sponuoft/page/140/mode/2up pp. 141-43] (Internet Archive).</ref>
=== Continuing actions === Remaining with the ''Second new Spaniard'', Echyngham was named in mid-May to join a further enterprise to distress the French navy, and, with his 100 men, among those to land with the [[Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk|Lord Lisle]].<ref>'1869. Intended Expedition to Brittany. 13 May 1513', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt. 2, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=33 p. 851] (HathiTrust).</ref> Forces were gathered at Hampton, and [[Richard Foxe|Bishop Fox]] reported on 8 June that "Delabere and Ichyngham, Rote with his company and some of [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk|Lord Howard]]'s folk departed to-day with a good wind".<ref>'1976. Fox to Wolsey', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt. 2, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=77, pp. 895-96] (HathiTrust).</ref> The accounts indicate the ship's name was ''Sancta Maria Sernago'',<ref>''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt. 2, '2217. The Navy', [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=174 p. 992-93]; '2304. Naval Payments', [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=210 p. 1028ff] (HathiTrust).</ref> and that the master, John Furnando, was Spanish.<ref>'2478. Nov. 1513. Naval Expenses', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt.2, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=273 c. p. 1091–93] (HathiTrust).</ref>
As the Scots arose, Echyngham answered the summons to Newcastle in September, and in preparations for [[Battle of Flodden Field|Flodden Field]] he was assigned to the forward company led by [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk|Lord Admiral Howard]] (i.e. Thomas Howard), "with suche as came from the sea", with Sir William Sydney, Lord Conyers, Lord Latimer, Lord Clifford, and others.<ref>''Hall's Chronicle'', [https://archive.org/details/hallschronicleco00halluoft/page/556/mode/2up p. 557] (Internet Archive).</ref> He was knighted by the Earl of Surrey "after the fylde".<ref>'2246. 4.ii Those made Knights by the Earl of Surrey', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt. 2, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=189 p. 1007] (HathiTrust).</ref> Between March and June 1514 he appears as captain of one of the great ships, the ''[[Peter Pomegranate]]'', of 450 tonnes and with a crew of 300.<ref>''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. I Pt. 2, '2686. Navy – Exchequer Accounts', [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=361 p. 1179]; '2842. Expences of the War', [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=417 pp. 1235–37]; no. '2938. Navy – Exchequer Accounts', [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000029310426&view=1up&seq=450 p. 1268ff] (HathiTrust).</ref>
== Home front == [[File:Oxburgh Hall, 2017.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.02|Oxburgh Hall, built by Mary Bedyngfield's father]]
=== The Bedyngfield marriage === Around 1515, Sir John Echyngham died and was buried on the north side of the chancel of Barsham church,<ref name="Will Sir Edward">Will of Sir Edward Echingham of Barsham, Suffolk (PCC 1527, Porche quire). Transcript in Suckling, 'Barsham juxta Beccles', XXII, [https://archive.org/details/genealogis_22selb/page/n129/mode/2up pp. 54-59] (Internet Archive).</ref> and Sir Edward succeeded to his father's estate. It was after 1514 that he brought a plea against Edmund Bedingfield (junior) and the executors of Dame Margaret Bedingfield (Sir Edmund's second wife, who died in that year<ref>J. Greenstreet, 'Bedingfield of Oxburgh', ''Notes and Queries'' 5th Series, IX (2 February 1878), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=umn.31951p01073052v&view=1up&seq=92 p. 82] (HathiTrust), reciting some of her inquisitions.</ref>), concerning the marriage settlement of her daughter, Mary (Bedingfield), Echyngham's first wife.<ref>The National Archives (UK), Early Chancery Proceedings, ''Echyngham v Bedyngfield'', [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7472878 ref. C 1/503/23] (Discovery). View original at AALT, [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT6/ChP/C1no503/IMG_0035.htm image 0035] (partly illegible).</ref>
Sir Edmund Bedingfield senior, the builder of [[Oxburgh Hall]], Norfolk (which he had licence to [[crenellate]] in 1482<ref>''Calendar of Patent Rolls, Edward IV, Edward V, Richard III, AD 1476–1485'' (HMSO 1901), [https://archive.org/details/calendarpatentr12offigoog/page/n320/mode/2up p. 308] (Internet Archive).</ref>), had died in January 1496–97:<ref>Will of Sir Edmond Bedingfield (PCC 1497, Horne quire).</ref> Marie Bedingfield is named in the 1487 will of Margaret's mother, Dame Agnes Scott (widow of Sir [[John Scott (died 1485)|John Scott, Marshal of Calais (died 1485)]]<ref>Will of Sir John Scott (PCC 1486, Logge quire).</ref>), among the children of "my daughter Bedyngfeld".<ref>Will of Agnes Scotte, widow (PCC 1488, Milles quire). Transcript in J.R. Scott, ''Memorials of the Family of Scott, of Scot's-hall, in the County of Kent'', [https://books.google.com/books?id=6OUwb8RK4B4C&pg=PA124 pp. 124-127] (Google): some speculations in this work concerning the Bedingfields are corrected by Greenstreet, cited above.</ref>
The date of Echyngham's first marriage is uncertain, but by 1515 [[Osborne Ichyngham]], apparently his son, though possibly illegitimate, had emerged as the confidential agent and messenger of Sir [[Thomas Spinelly]], English Resident Ambassador in the Netherlands.<ref>For Spinelly, see B. Behrens, 'The office of the English Resident Ambassador: its evolution as illustrated by the career of Sir Thomas Spinelly, 1509–22', ''Transactions of the Royal Historical Society'' XVI (C.U.P. 1933), pp. 161-195.</ref>
=== Service in Ipswich and Limerick === Between April 1515 and 1518 a series of accounts detail the controlment of Customs and Subsidies for the [[Port of Ipswich]] by Sir Edward Echyngham with the prominent Ipswich lawyer [[Thomas Rush]].<ref>The National Archives (UK), ref. [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C1875928 E 122/53/20] (1515–1516); [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C1875930 E 122/53/22] (1516–1518); [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C1875931 E 122/53/23] (1516–1518).</ref> Echyngham had a dwelling in [[Ipswich]], mentioned in his will, where his Wingfield kinsmen possessed one of the principal residences: between the Waveney and [[River Orwell|Orwell]] lay the entire sea-coast of Suffolk. In April 1517 Echyngham's uncle Sir Richard Wingfield, as [[Lord Deputy of Calais]] 1513–1519, prepared notices for Wolsey (Ipswich's most famous son) for the means of conveying men to take possession of [[Thérouanne]], where the French king was attempting to establish a garrison. He proposed that men should be gathered in Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex, to take shipping at [[River Orwell|Orwell Haven]] for Calais under the guise of artificers bound for [[Tournai]]; he further desired that Sir Edward Echyngham should have their conveyance, under the Deputy.<ref>'3192. Calais and the French', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. II Pt. 2 (1864), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293104678861&view=1up&seq=151 pp. 1028–29] (HathiTrust).</ref>
[[File:King John's Castle in Limerick.jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.02|Limerick Castle on the Shannon]] By Letters Patent of 15 January 1521–22 Echyngham was appointed Constable of [[Limerick Castle]], with the island there, and with "le laxe Were" (i.e. ''the salmon weir'') of Limerick (a possession of fishing rights).<ref>'1351. For Sir Edward Ychyngham', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. III Pt. 1 (1867), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293026394431&view=1up&seq=995 p. 541] (HathiTrust).</ref> This was given under the Earl of Surrey (i.e. Lord Howard) as [[Lord Deputy of Ireland]], and remained in force until February 1523–24.<ref>'137 (25)', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. IV Pt 1, [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293104681790&view=1up&seq=68 p. 58] (HathiTrust).</ref> It may have been in this period that his first wife died, for she was buried "in [[Saint Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin|Saint Patriks church]] in [[Dublin|Devillyn]] in Irelonde on the north side of our ladies chapell".<ref name="Will Sir Edward" /> On 1 July 1522 he participated in the English assault on the Breton town of [[Morlaix]]. Having scoured the seas, [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk]] and Earl of Surrey, Lord Admiral and brother of the late Edward Howard, brought the whole fleet to the haven of Morlaix, and landed with his captains and their companies to the number of some 7000 men who with ordnance assaulted, took and despoiled the town.<ref>'The XIIIJ Yere of Kyng Henry the VIIJ', ''Hall's Chronicle'', [https://archive.org/details/hallschronicleco00halluoft/page/642/mode/2up pp. 642-43] (Internet Archive).</ref> Sir Edward's company is at sea with 10 ships, at a cost of almost £550 for the month.<ref>'214. Payments: Michaelmas to February 14 Henry VIII', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Vol. IV Pt 1 (1870), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293104681790&view=1up&seq=94 p. 84] (HathiTrust).</ref>
=== Marriage to Ann Everard === In about 1523 Sir Edward made his second marriage. Ann, daughter of John Everard of [[Cratfield]] and his wife Margaret Bedingfield (of a branch of that family seated at Ditchingham), had first married Edward Lewknor of [[Kingston Buci]] near Brighton, Sussex. Lewknor (died 1523<ref>Will of Edward Lewkenour of Kyngeston Bowcy, Sussex (PCC 1522/1523, Maynwaring quire).</ref>) was a kinsman of Echyngham's, his grandmother Elizabeth (wife of Thomas Lewknor of [[Horsted Keynes]], Sussex (died 1452)) being the sister of that Sir Thomas Echyngham who died in 1444 (the first of Barsham).<ref>This Elizabeth Echyngham was stepmother to [[Thomas Hoo, Baron Hoo and Hastings]], and mother of the younger Thomas Hoo, and secondly wife of Sir Thomas Lewknor of Horsted Keynes. D. Richardson ed. K. Everingham, ''Magna Carta Ancestry'' 2nd Edition (Salt Lake City 2011), III, p. 18; see J. Mackman and M. Stevens, Court of Common Pleas: the National Archives, Cp40 1399–1500 (London, 2010), British History Online [https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/common-pleas/1399-1500/michaelmas-term-1425#h2-0100 CP 40/659, rot. 425' (1425)] (British History Online).</ref> Ann, Edward Lewknor's second wife, was the mother of his younger son (Richard) and three daughters.<ref>S.H.A. Harvey, ''Denham Parish Registers, 1539–1850. With historical notes and notices'' (Paul & Mathew, Bury St Edmunds 1904), [https://archive.org/details/denhamparishreg00hervgoog/page/n104/mode/2up pp. 86-93] and [https://archive.org/details/denhamparishreg00hervgoog/page/n220/mode/2up pp. 198-200] (Internet Archive); Will of Dame Anne Echingham, widow of Barsham (PCC 1539, Cromwell quire).</ref> When Lewknor died in 1523 Sir Edward Echyngham married her, and became kin to her eldest brother John (seated at [[Gillingham, Norfolk|Gillingham]] opposite Barsham), to her brother William (died 1524/25<ref>Will of William Everard (PCC 1524, Bodfelde quire).</ref>) of [[Ovingdean]] in Sussex, and to her sister Olyve, wife to John Tasburgh of [[St Peter, South Elmham]] (died 1509),<ref>'Everard' (first pedigree), in W. Rye, ''The Visitation of Norfolk Anno 1563'', Harleian Society XXXII (London 1891), [https://archive.org/details/publicationsofha32harluoft/page/116/mode/2up pp. 116-17] (Internet Archive).</ref> whose son John (died c.1552) purchased and settled at [[Flixton Priory]].<ref>N. Evans, 'The Tasburghs of South Elmham: the rise and fall of a Suffolk gentry family', ''Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology'' XXXIV Part 4 (1980), [http://suffolkinstitute.pdfsrv.co.uk/customers/Suffolk%20Institute/2014/01/10/Volume%20XXXIV%20Part%204%20(1980)_The%20Tasburghs%20South%20Elmham%20rise%20and%20fall%20of%20a%20Suffolk%20family%20N%20Evans_269%20to%20280.pdf pp. 269-80] (Suffolk Institute pdf). Many illustrative materials for this family are in the Adair Family Archives, Suffolk Record Office (Lowestoft), HA12/A1.</ref><ref>Will of John Tasburghe or Taseburgh (PCC 1554, Tashe quire).</ref>
In Trinity term 1523 [[Thomas West, 8th Baron De La Warr|Thomas Lord La Warr]], Edward Lewknor, Ralph, Henry and William Everard and William's son John, John Baker and John Tasburgh were feoffees to effect a recovery by writ of ''super disseisinam in le post'' against Edward Echyngham of his manor and lands at Barsham, Shipmeadow, Ringsfield, [[Redisham]], Beccles, Great [[Worlingham]], [[South Cove, Suffolk|South Cove]] and Kessingland, to his uses.<ref>'Abstract of the Inquisition taken after the death of Sir Edward Echyngham, Knight', in F.H. Suckling, 'Some notes on Barsham Juxta Beccles, Co. Suffolk (third part)', ''The Genealogist'' Vol. XXII (1906), pp. 52-61, [https://archive.org/details/genealogis_22selb/page/n139/mode/2up at pp. 59-60] (Internet Archive).</ref> In this period Echyngham brought suit against Sir [[Goddard Oxenbridge]] and Sir [[Andrew Windsor, 1st Baron Windsor|Andrew Wyndesore]] for title to the Echyngham manorial inheritance in Sussex, which had descended to them by marriage of the daughters of Thomas Echyngham the younger (died 1483),<ref>The National Archives, Early Chancery Proceedings [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7472854 ref. C 1/502/35] and [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7472855 C 1/502/36]. View originals at AALT, [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT6/ChP/C1no502/IMG_0078.htm images 0078] through [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT6/ChP/C1no502/IMG_0082.htm 0082].</ref> apparently without success. With Ann he had two daughters, Ann, born c. 1523, and Mary, born c. 1527. In Suffolk he received a Subsidy commission in 1524, and commissions for the peace in 1524 and 1526.<ref>''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'' Vol 4 Pt 1 (1870), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293104681790&view=1up&seq=248 p. 238]; [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293104681790&view=1up&seq=427 p. 417] and [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=msu.31293104681790&view=1up&seq=911 p. 901] (HathiTrust).</ref>
== Death and legacy == === Echyngham's will === ;Chapel of St Katheryn Echyngham made his will on 18 June and died at Barsham on 8 July, 1527. Feeling that he had "sumewhat fallen into age wherupon dependeth casualties and daungers of deth", he named St George, St Katheryn and St Anthony as his "advowerers", asking to be buried "before the Trinitie of Barham chirch on the north side under the foundacion of the Chauncel wall". He appointed that his executors should have a chapel built to St Katheryn, on the north side of Barsham Chauncell where his father lay buried, and that his mother, who was buried at [[Blundeston]], was to be reburied with her husband. Carvings of his advowrers, in wood or freestone, were commissioned. A patron for the chapel was to be found at [[Rushworth College]],<ref>'Colleges: Rushworth', in W. Page (ed.), ''A History of the County of Norfolk'', Vol. 2 (V.C.H., London 1906), [http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/norf/vol2/pp458-460 pp. 458-460].</ref> where Sir Robert Wingfield was buried, and the chantry priest was to sing for his (Sir Edward's) soul, and for his wife Anne's soul, and for his former wife Mary's soul, and the souls of his father and mother, and of all his friends, for the space of three years. Fifty pounds owing to him from Sir Richard Wingfield, and a debt from William Everard's estate, are to go towards the building of the chapel.<ref name="Will Sir Edward" />
;The tomb [[File:Holy Trinity church Barsham Suffolk (2928393387).jpg|thumb|right|upright=1.13|The restored tomb-chest from the monument to Sir Edward Echyngham at Barsham, constructed of terracotta panels in Italianate style]] A table tomb set against, and partly into, the north wall of the chancel of Barsham church is evidently that of Sir Edward Echyngham. When it was dismantled and reconstructed in 1869, a fragment of an inscription "hic jacet d'n's Ed..." (Here lies lord Edward...) was found inside. What remains is only a fragment of a larger monument, which would have included the four-foot-high figures of his advowrer saints.
It is one of an important recognized series of East Anglian tombs made up of ornamental [[terracotta]] panels in Italianate style,<ref>A.P. Baggs, 'Sixteenth-century terracotta tombs in East Anglia', ''Archaeological Journal'' CXXV (1968), pp. 296-301.</ref> a fashion which was expressed also in architectural details during the 1520s and 1530s.<ref>The Hon. E. Wood, 'Notes on the history of Shrubland', ''Proceedings of the Suffolk Institute of Archaeology'' XVII Pt 2 (1920), [http://suffolkinstitute.pdfsrv.co.uk/customers/Suffolk%20Institute/2014/01/10/Volume%20XVII%20Part%202%20(1920)_Notes%20on%20the%20history%20of%20Shrubland%20Wood%20The%20Hon%20E%20(Evelyn%20de%20Saumarez)_122%20to%20126.pdf pp. 123-26] (Suffolk Institute pdf).</ref> These works were particularly commissioned from itinerant craftsmen operating in East Anglia by a group of influential inter-related families with whom the Echynghams of Barsham were closely allied: these included in particular the Marneys of [[Layer Marney Tower]] (Essex), the Bedingfields of Oxburgh (Norfolk), and Sir Philip Bothe of [[Shrubland Hall#History|Shrubland Old Hall]] near [[Coddenham]] (Suffolk).<ref>J.M. Blatchly and J. Middleton-Stewart, 'Sir Philip Bothe of Shrubland: the last of a distinguished line builds in commemoration' in, C. Harper-Bill, C. Rawcliffe and R.G. Wilson (eds), ''East Anglia's History: Studies in Honour of Norman Scarfe'' (Boydell Press/Centre of East Anglian Studies, Woodbridge 2002), pp. 123-48, Barsham [https://books.google.com/books?id=dqONjtRcVfMC&pg=PA137 at pp. 137-38] (Google).</ref> (Sir Philip's wife, Margaret Hopton, was great-aunt to [[Owen Hopton]], who married Sir Edward's daughter Anne.<ref>A.I. Suckling, ''The History and Antiquities of the County of Suffolk'', 2 vols (1845-1848), II, [https://archive.org/details/historyantiquiti02suck/page/136/mode/2up p. 137]. Suckling's account of the earlier Hopton ancestry is superseded by C. Richmond, ''John Hopton: A Fifteenth Century Suffolk Gentleman'' (Cambridge University Press 1981).</ref>) They held a prevailing interest in the cult of St Katheryn. Echyngham's first marriage linked directly to Oxburgh.
The intention was presumably for a tomb under an archway through the north chancel wall into the new chapel of St Katheryn on the north side of the chancel. The ornament of the surviving tomb panels is not heraldic, but, seen from the interior, the tracery of the east window as a reversed shield<ref>The reversed shield signifies the bearer is deceased.</ref> ''fretty'' (''azure'' supplied by sky or by blue glass) would have cast its lights and shadows through the chancel to appropriate Echyngham heraldic effect.<ref>The east window is now filled with panels of dark stained glass obscuring the effect.</ref>
;Estates Sir Edward's manors were entailed to his wife Anne for her jointure for life, and to the heirs males of his two daughters, or in default of such issue to the heirs of his brother Francis, or in default to Osborne Ichyngham and his heirs males: or in default of all these, then all to remain unto the heires of "my seyd uncle" [[Humphrey Wingfield|Humfrey Wingfield]] Esquier for "the famylyar acqueyntance from our childhood unto this day"; or lastly to the right heirs of his ancestor Sir William Echyngham. Various houses at Kessingland, Shipmeadow and Barsham are left to Osborne. But Ann was to have all the manors, lands and tenements assigned to her by appointment and recovery: Ann Echyngham, Humfrey Wingfield and Ralph Everard are his executors, and Ann became seised in right of free tenement.<ref name="Will Sir Edward" /> By 1540 Osborne was in Ireland, where he acquired estates, which after his death in 1546 descended to his elder sons, while his youngest inherited his English lands.<ref>{{multiref| 'Will of Sir Osborn Echyngham, Marshal' (PCC 1547/58, Populwell quire): transcript in F.H. Suckling, 'Notes on Barsham juxta Beccles' (fourth part), in H.W.F. Harwood (ed.), ''The Genealogist'', New Series XXII (1906), pp. 128-34, [https://archive.org/details/genealogis_22selb/page/n277/mode/2up at pp. 128-29] (Internet Archive). |J. Morrin, 'Historical notes of the Abbey of Dunbrodin', ''Transactions of the Ossory Archaeological Society'', I: 1874–1879 (1879), pp. 407-31, [https://archive.org/details/transactionsofos14osso/page/408/mode/2up at pp. 409-13] (Internet Archive).| 'Kessingland' and 'Pakefield', in A.I. Suckling, ''The History and Antiquities of the County of Suffolk'', Vol. 1 (S.H. Cowell, Ipswich 1846), [https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/suffolk-history-antiquities/vol1/pp250-259 pp. 250-259] and [https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/suffolk-history-antiquities/vol1/pp279-287 pp. 279-87] (British History Online). }}</ref>
;The Barsham dole Bequests to the Everards and to Richard Lewknor follow, and he asks that the old usage and {{lang|en-emodeng|custime}} of the "dole" should be kept up by which every man, woman and {{lang|en-emodeng|childe}} who should attend the five masses of requiem to be sung in St Katheryn's chapel should return to the manor place and should receive every one of them two red herrings, a white herring and a temse loaf (made from sifted flour), and something to drink: and those that serve them should have their dinner for their trouble, and this dole was to "continue and endure for evermore".<ref name="Will Sir Edward" />
=== Anne Echyngham's widowhood === In Echyngham's will, Sir [[Brian Tuke]] is given freely the marriages of Echyngham's daughters if he shall recover for them the Echyngham inheritance in Sussex, or else he shall pay £400 for them, the testator wishing that they shall be married to Tuke's sons.
These girls were very young at the time of their father's death, and remained unmarried during their mother's lifetime. Dame Ann Echyngham made her [[nuncupative will]] at Barsham on the day of her death, 14 November 1538, requesting the fulfilment of Maister Echyngham's will (which provided for his daughters). Her own goods were to be sold, and the money divided between her four Lewknor children: her daughters Elizabeth and Dorothy were present as witnesses, and John Everard, Richard Lewknor and Edward Tasburgh were named her executors.<ref>Will of Dame Anne Echingham, widow of Barsham (PCC 1539, Cromwell quire). Transcript in Suckling, 'Barsham juxta Beccles', XXII, [https://archive.org/details/genealogis_22selb/page/n141/mode/2up pp. 60-61] (Internet Archive).</ref> Money had been paid to Edmund Billingford of [[Stoke Holy Cross]] for his son Thomas to marry Ann's daughter Elizabeth Lewknor, but Elizabeth refused the union and John Everard was obliged to seek its return through the Court of Chancery.<ref>The National Archives (UK), Early Chancery Proceedings, [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7488174 ref. C 1/981/91-93] (Discovery).</ref>
=== The Echyngham daughters === As to the two daughters, the coheirs, of Sir Edward, according to a letter of Anthony Rous of [[Dennington]]<ref>M.K. Dale, 'Rous, Anthony (by 1502–46), of Dennington and Henham, Suff.', in S.T. Bindoff (ed.), ''The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509–1558'', (from Boydell and Brewer 1982), [http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1509-1558/member/rous-anthony-1502-46 History of Parliament Online].</ref> to [[Thomas Cromwell]], Good Friday 1539, the elder (then about 16), Anne Echyngham, was sent to her kinsman Richard Wharton, [[Bailiff#British Isles|Bailey]] of Bungay, and arrangements (not fulfilled) were being made for her marriage to "Mr Hogon's eldest son". (Wharton, who in 1533 had advised Cromwell of John Tasburgh's disposable income,<ref>''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'', Dec 1533, no. 1534.</ref> was granted nearby [[Flixton Priory]] at its dissolution in 1537: in 1544 he sold the priory to John Tasburgh.<ref>Evans, 'The Tasburghs of South Elmham', pp. 270-71.</ref>) The younger daughter (then aged 10 or 11), Mary Echyngham, was placed in the care of Philip Bedingfield of Ditchingham.<ref name="693 Anthony">'693. Anthony Rous to Cromwell', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'' Vol. XIV Pt. 1 (HMSO 1894), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000005063239&view=1up&seq=406 p. 342] (HathiTrust).</ref>
[[File:Wroxton Manor.JPG|thumb|right|upright=1.13|Wroxton Manor (Oxfordshire), built by Sir William Pope, Earl of Downe in 1618.]] * '''Anne Echyngham''', born c. 1523. She was married to Sir [[Owen Hopton]]<ref>J.E.M., 'Hopton, Owen (c.1519-95), of Yoxford and Blythburgh, Suff. and of London', in P.W. Hasler (ed.), ''The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558–1603'' (from Boydell and Brewer 1981), [http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1558-1603/member/hopton-owen-1519-95 History of Parliament Online].</ref> of [[Cockfield Hall]], [[Yoxford]], and of Westwood,<ref>The 16th century Manor Farm complex survives, see Suffolk Heritage Explorer [https://heritage.suffolk.gov.uk/hbsmr-web/record.aspx?UID=MSF25356-Farmstead-Westwood-Lodge-(Blythburgh-Lodge) ref BLB 095 – Farmstead: Westwood Lodge (Blythburgh Lodge)] (Suffolk Heritage website).</ref> [[Blythburgh]]. Shortly before 1539 the Duke of Norfolk had defeated the expectation of Sir [[Arthur Hopton (1488–1555)|Arthur Hopton]], his father, in the purchase of [[Sibton Abbey]].<ref>The National Archives (UK), Early Chancery proceedings, [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C7482313 ref. C 1/815/40] (Discovery).</ref> Sir Owen became [[Lieutenant of the Tower of London]], and died in 1595. At some time Anne had possession of that 13th-century vellum book of French romance poetry containing the unique text of ''[[Roman de Waldef]]'',<ref>A.J. Holden (ed.), ''Le Roman de Waldef'', Bibliotheca Bodmeriana, Textes, 5 (Coligny-Genève, Fondation Martin Bodmer 1984).</ref> with ''[[Gui de Warewic]]'' and the [[chanson de geste]] ''Otinel'', acquired apparently from [[Lady Katherine Grey]] (who died in captivity at Cockfield Hall in 1568).<ref>Coligny-Genève, fondation Martin-Bodmer, MS. Bodmer 168. The facts are set forth by J.-B. Camps, 'La Chanson d'Otinel: édition complète du corpus manuscrit et prolégomènes à l'édition critique' (Thèse pour Docteur de l'Université Paris-Sorbonne, 2016), Tome I: Introduction, pp. cxxvi-cliii, at pp. cxlviii-clii. See note in J. Weiss, 'Wace to Layamon via Waldef' in R. Allen, J. Roberts and C. Weinberg (eds), ''Reading Layamon's Brut: Approaches and Explorations'' (Rodopi B.V., Amsterdam/New York 2013), [https://books.google.com/books?id=rQfiAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA560 pp. 559-60, note 33] (Google).</ref><ref>View the manuscript at [https://www.e-codices.unifr.ch/en/list/one/fmb/cb-0168 e-codices], the Virtual Manuscript Library of Christoph Flüeler (University of Fribourg).</ref> According to a memorial inscription at [[Wroxton]], Oxfordshire (the home of her daughter Anne in her second marriage), she died and was buried at Wroxton in 1599 aged 72 (should be nearer 76), leaving five children living:<ref>X.Y.Z. (Pseud.), 'Topographical description of Wroxton in Oxfordshire', ''Gentleman's Magazine'' Vol. 67 Pt. 1 (1797), pp. 106-10, [https://books.google.com/books?id=2BdEAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA108 at p. 107] (Google).</ref> Two additional sons are listed in the 1561 ''Visitation of Suffolk''.<ref>'Visitation of 1561: Hopton of Westwood', in W.C. Metcalfe (ed.), ''The Visitations of Suffolk made by Hervey, Clarenceux, 1561, Cooke, Clarenceux, 1577, and Raven, Richmond Herald, 1612'' (Exeter 1882), [https://archive.org/details/visitationsofsuf00harvuoft/page/42/mode/2up pp. 43-44] (Internet Archive).</ref> ** [[Arthur Hopton (died 1607)|Arthur Hopton]] Esquire.<ref>G.M.C., 'Hopton, Arthur (d.1607), of Blythburgh, Suff. and Witham Friary, Som.', in P.W. Hasler (ed.), ''The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1558–1603'' (from Boydell and Brewer 1981), [https://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1558-1603/member/hopton-arthur-1607 History of Parliament Online].</ref> ** William Hopton Esquire, living in 1600.<ref>The National Archives (UK), Chancery, Final decrees: ''Hopton v Hopton'', [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C13447877 ref. C78/112/9] (Discovery catalogue); view original at AALT, C78/112 no 9, [http://aalt.law.uh.edu/AALT7/C78/C78no112/IMG_0039.htm images 039-041] (AALT).</ref> ** George Hopton, died without issue.<ref name="Mentioned in C78/112/9">Mentioned in C78/112/9.</ref><ref name="'Visitation of 1561'">'Visitation of 1561'.</ref> ** Ralph Hopton, died without issue.<ref name="Mentioned in C78/112/9"/><ref name="'Visitation of 1561'"/> ** Anne Hopton (Countess of Downe), married (1) Henry Wentworth, 3rd [[Baron Wentworth#Barons Wentworth (1529)|Baron Wentworth]] (1558–1593), and (2) Sir William Pope of [[Wroxton Abbey|Wroxton]], Oxfordshire, Earl of Downe (died 1631). ** Mary Hopton (Lady Chandos), married [[William Brydges, 4th Baron Chandos]] (1552–1602). ** Cicelie Hopton (Mrs Cicelie Marshall). * '''Mary Echyngham''', born c. 1527. Anthony Rous wrote to Cromwell on 4 April 1539 complaining that Philip Bedyngfeld had, without consultation, delivered her to Mr Holdych, steward of the Duke of Norfolk's house, who proposed to marry her to his son. Rous asked that Holdych be ordered to deliver her to Humfrey Wingfield, and that Cromwell should advance his (Rous's) wish that she marry one of his own sons.<ref name="693 Anthony" /> Cromwell made the assignment to Rous, with instructions to Holdych to surrender the girl: but he refused, and Cromwell received letters from the Duke of Norfolk saying that he took Cromwell's decision to heart very grievously. On 14 April Rous wrote again with an attestation forwarded and signed by Richard Wharton, Richard Calthorpe, John and Edward Tasburgh, John Everard and Richard Lewknor, begging that she should not be married without their consent.<ref>'764. Anthony Rous to Cromwell' and '765. Richard Wharton, and others, to Cromwell', ''Letters and Papers, Henry VIII'' Vol. XIV Pt. 1 (HMSO 1894), [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000005063239&view=1up&seq=431 p. 367] (HathiTrust).</ref> On 19 April Cromwell forwarded the Duke's letters to the King, asking him of his great wisdom to determine the merits of the case.<ref>C. Anderson, ''The Annals of the English Bible'' (William Pickering, London 1845), II, [https://books.google.com/books?id=85ZgAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA53 p. 53 note 22] (Google), citing "Government State Papers", Vol. 1, p. 611.</ref> In the event Mary was married (as his second wife) to [[John Blennerhassett (landowner)|John Blennerhassett]], legal adviser to the Duke of Norfolk. John was the youngest son of Sir Thomas Blennerhassett of [[St Andrew's Church, Frenze|Frenze]], Norfolk by his second wife Margaret Braham of [[Wetheringsett]],<ref>R.J.W. Swales, 'Blennerhasset (Hasset), John (by 1521–73), of Barsham by Beccles, Suff.', in S.T. Bindoff (ed.), ''The History of Parliament: the House of Commons 1509–1558'' (from Boydell and Brewer 1982), [http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/blennerhasset-(hasset)-john-1521-73 History of Parliament Online].</ref><ref>Suckling, 'Barsham juxta Beccles', XXII, [https://archive.org/details/genealogis_22selb/page/n127/mode/2up pp. 52-53] (Internet Archive)</ref> and brother to Anthony Rous's wife Agnes Blennerhassett.<ref>M.K. Dale, 'Rous, Anthony', ''History of Parliament''.</ref> John Blennerhassett and Mary Echyngham bought out Anne's share of Barsham and lived at Barsham Hall, and had five sons and four daughters surviving at his death, which occurred in 1573.<ref>The will of John Blennerhasset (PCC 1573, Martyn quire). Transcript in Suckling, 'Barsham juxta Beccles', XXII, [https://archive.org/details/genealogis_22selb/page/n285/mode/2up pp. 132-33] (Internet Archive).</ref> ** Thomas Blennerhassett (son and heir), married Mary, daughter of Sir Christopher Heydon of [[Baconsthorpe Castle]], and had issue. ** Edward, John, George and Richard Blennerhassett. Also Ralph Blennerhassett (died in infancy). ** Helen Blennerhassett, married Henry Gurney Esq. of [[West Barsham]], Norfolk in 1571. ** Katherine, Fraunces and Anne Blennerhassett. Also Margaret Blennerhassett (died in youth).
== References == {{primary sources|date=November 2022}} {{reflist}}
{{bots|deny=InternetArchiveBot}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Echyngham, Edward}} [[Category:15th-century births]] [[Category:1527 deaths]] [[Category:16th-century English nobility]] [[Category:Military personnel from Suffolk]] [[Category:People from Waveney District]] [[Category:British sea captains]]