{{Short description|Norwegian politician (1911–1977)}} {{distinguish|Edvard Isak Hambro (educator)|Edward Isak Hambro|Edvard Isak Hambro Bull}} {{Infobox officeholder | honorific_prefix = | honorific_suffix = | image = Edvard Hambro (1971 UN photo).jpg | alt = | caption = Hambro, {{circa|1971}} | constituency_MP = | parliament = | majority = | term_start = | term_end = | successor = | constituency_MP2 = | parliament2 = | majority2 = | term_start2 = | term_end2 = | predecessor2 = | order6 = 25th | office6 = President of the United Nations General Assembly | term_start6 = 1970 | term_end6 = 1971 | predecessor6 = [[Angie Brooks]] | successor6 = [[Adam Malik]] | order7 = | office7 = | term_start7 = | term_end7 = | predecessor7 = | successor7 = | birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1911|08|22}} | birth_place = [[Kristiania]], Norway | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1977|02|01|1911|08|22}} | death_place = [[Oslo]], Norway | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = | birth_name = Edvard Isak Hambro | party = [[Conservative Party (Norway)|Conservative]] | other_party = | spouse = | partner = | relations = | children = | alma_mater = | occupation = | profession = Jurist, diplomat, politician | signature = | signature_alt = | footnotes = }}

'''Edvard Isak Hambro''' (22 August 1911 – 1 February 1977) was a [[Norway|Norwegian]] legal scholar, diplomat and politician for the [[Conservative Party (Norway)|Conservative Party]]. He was the 25th [[President of the United Nations General Assembly]] (1970–1971).

==Personal life== Hambro was born in [[Oslo|Kristiania]] as a son of the politician [[C. J. Hambro]] (1885–1964) and his wife Gudrun Grieg (1881–1943).<ref name=nbl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Edvard Hambro|encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Tormod Petter|last=Svennevig|editor=Helle, Knut|editor-link=Knut Helle|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=http://www.snl.no/.nbl_biografi/Edvard_Hambro/utdypning|language=no|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref> On the paternal side he was a grandson of [[Edvard Isak Hambro (educator)|Edvard Isak Hambro]] and [[Nico Hambro]] (née Harbitz). He was also a nephew of [[Elise Hambro]], a brother of Cato, [[Carl Joachim Hambro (philologist)|Carl Joachim]] and [[Johan Hambro]], and from 1946 a stepson of [[Gyda Christensen]].<ref name=snl2>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Hambro|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=http://www.snl.no/Hambro|language=no|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref> In 1940 he married Elisabeth Raverat, daughter of the [[France|French]] artist [[Jacques Raverat]] and his [[English people|English]] wife, the artist [[Gwen Darwin]],<ref name=nbl/> a granddaughter of [[Charles Darwin]]. They had the following children Anne (born 1941), [[Carl Joachim Hambro (born 1944)|Carl Joachim]] (born 1944), [[Christian Hambro|Christian]] (born 1946) and Linda Hambro (born 1948). Elisabeth died in 2014.

==Early career and World War II== He [[examen artium|finished]] his secondary education in 1929, enrolled in law studies at the [[University of Oslo|Royal Frederick University]] and graduated with the [[cand.jur.]] degree in 1934.<ref name=nbl/> In 1931 he chaired the [[Conservative Students' Association (Oslo)|Conservative Students' Association]].<ref name=hvem/> In 1936 he obtained a ''{{lang|fr|docteur ès sciences politiques}}'' degree from Geneva's [[Graduate Institute of International Studies]]<ref name=snl>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Edvard Hambro|encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget|location=Oslo|url=http://www.snl.no/Edvard_Hambro|language=no|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref> with the thesis ''{{lang|fr|L'Éxécution des sentences internationales}}''.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://repository.graduateinstitute.ch/record/472?ln=en | title=L'Exécution des sentences internationales | date=1936 | publisher=H. Vaillant-Carmanne }}</ref> With a [[Rockefeller Foundation|Rockefeller grant]] he studied abroad before being hired as international director at the Chr. Michelsen Institute in 1938.<ref name=nbl/>

In 1940 Norway was [[Operation Weserübung|attacked by Germany]]. During the [[Norwegian Campaign|subsequent fighting]] Hambro was a [[liaison officer]] for British forces in Western Norway, but later in the same year he fled via [[London]] to the [[United States]].<ref name=nbl/> He was a guest scholar at the [[Northwestern University]] from 1941, and secretary-general in [[Norse Federation]] and editor of their magazine ''Nordmanns-Forbundets Tidsskrift'' from 1941 to 1943. He then returned to London to work in the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)|Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs]]-in-exile until the war's end. He was decorated with the [[Defence Medal 1940–1945]].<ref name=hvem>{{cite encyclopedia|year=1973|title=Hambro, Edvard Isak|encyclopedia=[[Hvem er hvem?]]|editor=Steenstrup, Bjørn|publisher=Aschehoug|location=Oslo|url=https://runeberg.org/hvemerhvem/1973/0205.html|pages=205–206|language=no|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref>

==Professorship, Parliament and United Nations== After the war Hambro specialized in international organizational work. He was a Norwegian delegate to the [[San Francisco Conference]] in 1945, and led the United Nations judicial office until 1946. In 1946 he issued the ''Charter of the United Nations. Commentary and documents'' together with [[Leland Goodrich]]. From 1946 to 1953 he was a secretary at the [[International Court of Justice]] in [[the Hague]].<ref name=nbl/>

He was then a [[research fellow]] at the [[Norwegian School of Economics]] from 1953, visiting scholar at the [[University of California]] in 1958 and professor of jurisprudence at the Norwegian School of Economics from 1959 to 1966. Academic publications in the Norwegian language include ''Norsk fremmedrett'' (1950), ''Folkerettspleie'' (1956), ''Jurisdiksjonsvalg og lovvalg i norsk internasjonal kontraktsrett'' (1957) and ''Arbeidsrett'' (1961). He also wrote volumes II, III (spanning two books) and IV (spanning two books) in the series ''The Case Law of the International Court of Justice'' together with [[Arthur W. Rovine]].<ref name=nbl/><ref name=hvem/><ref name=snl/>

He was also elected to the [[Parliament of Norway]] from [[Bergen]] in [[1961 Norwegian parliamentary election|1961]], and was re-elected in [[1965 Norwegian parliamentary election|1965]]. He served his first term in the [[Standing Committee on Justice]], and then entered the [[Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs]].<ref name=nbl/>

In 1966, however, he aborted his political career to become the Norwegian permanent representative to the [[United Nations]]. He chaired the [[United Nations General Assembly Sixth Committee (Legal)|Sixth Committee (Legal Committee)]] at the [[United Nations General Assembly|22nd United Nations General Assembly]] in 1967. He was the 25th [[President of the United Nations General Assembly]] from 1970 to 1971. 122 delegations voted for Hambro with 2 votes against his candidacy.<ref name="HronikaBelgrade">Milutin Tomanović (1971) ''Hronika međunarodnih događaja 1970'', [[Institute of International Politics and Economics]]: [[Belgrade]], p. 2497 (in [[Serbo-Croatian]])</ref> He underlined that "peace, justice and progress" will be topics during his presidency in which he wanted to strengthen the organization.<ref name="HronikaBelgrade"/> After his tenure as permanent representative ended, he continued serving the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and was the Norwegian ambassador in Geneva, to [[EFTA]] and various UN organizations. From 1976 he was the Norwegian ambassador to [[France]].<ref name=nbl/><ref name=un>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/ga/55/president/bio25.htm|title=Edvard Hambro&nbsp;– 25th Session|publisher=[[United Nations]]|access-date=23 December 2011}}</ref> He also served on the United Nations [[International Law Commission]] from 1972.<ref name=hvem/> He died in 1977.<ref name=nbl/>

Hambro was also a board member of the [[Institute for Comparative Research in Human Culture]] and the [[Nansen Foundation]], and from 1960 to 1966 vice president of the [[Norwegian Red Cross]].<ref name=hvem/>

He chaired the appeals board of the [[Council of Europe]], and was a member of the appeals board of the [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development]]. He presided over the [[Permanent Conciliation Commission for the Federal Republic of Germany and the Netherlands]], and was a member of the [[Institute of International Law]], the [[Permanent Court of Arbitration]], and the [[Franco-German Arbitral Tribunal for the Saarland]].<ref name=un/>

He received [[honorary degree]]s at [[Brandeis University]], [[Columbia University]], [[Luther College (Iowa)|Luther College]], [[Seton Hall University]], [[University of Toronto]], [[Wagner College]] and [[Yale University]]. He was decorated as a Commander with Star of the [[Order of St. Olav]] (1970), and received the Grand Cross of the [[Order of the White Rose of Finland]], the [[Order of the Yugoslav Star]] and the [[Order of Ouissam Alaouite]].<ref name=hvem/>

==References== {{Reflist}}

{{s-start}} {{s-dip}} {{succession box |title=Permanent Representative of Norway to the United Nations |before=[[Sivert A. Nielsen]] |after=[[Ole Ålgård]] |years=1966&ndash;1971 }} {{succession box | before=[[Angie Elisabeth Brooks]] |title=[[President of the United Nations General Assembly]] | years= 1970&ndash;1971 | after=[[Adam Malik]] }} {{succession box |title=Norwegian ambassador to France|before=[[Jahn Brochmann Halvorsen]] |after=[[Hersleb Vogt]] |years=1976&ndash;1977 }} {{s-end}} {{Presidents of the UN General Assembly}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hambro, Edvard Isak}} [[Category:1911 births]] [[Category:1977 deaths]] [[Category:University of Oslo alumni]] [[Category:Members of the Institut de Droit International]] [[Category:Academic staff of the Norwegian School of Economics]] [[Category:Norwegian legal scholars]] [[Category:Norwegian expatriates in Switzerland]] [[Category:Norwegian expatriates in the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Norwegian expatriates in the United States]] [[Category:Norwegian expatriates in the Netherlands]] [[Category:Norwegian Army personnel of World War II]] [[Category:Norwegian magazine editors]] [[Category:Norwegian legal writers]] [[Category:Norwegian people of Danish-Jewish descent]] [[Category:20th-century Norwegian civil servants]] [[Category:Permanent representatives of Norway to the United Nations]] [[Category:Presidents of the United Nations General Assembly]] [[Category:Ambassadors of Norway to France]] [[Category:Conservative Party (Norway) politicians]] [[Category:Politicians from Bergen]] [[Category:Members of the Permanent Court of Arbitration]] [[Category:20th-century Norwegian writers]] [[Category:Norwegian officials of the United Nations]] [[Category:Norwegian judges of international courts and tribunals]] [[Category:Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies alumni]] [[Category:Members of the Storting 1961–1965]] [[Category:Members of the Storting 1965–1969]]