{{short description|Lieutenant of Tower of London}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}} [[File:Walsingham (Ancient) Arms.svg|thumb|Arms of Walsinghham of Scadbury, Kent: ''Gules bezantée, a cross couped chequy argent and azure''<ref>C. R. Councer, ''Heraldic Painted Glass in the Church of St. Lawrence, Mereworth'', Archaeologia Cantiana, Vol.77, 1962, pp.48-62, esp. p.50 et seq [https://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Research/Pub/ArchCant/Vol.077%20-%201962/077-03.pdf]</ref>]] '''Sir Edmund Walsingham''' (c. 1480 – 10 February 1550) of [[Scadbury Park|Scadbury Hall]], [[Chislehurst]] in Kent, was a soldier, Member of Parliament, and [[Lieutenant of the Tower of London]] during the reign of [[Henry VIII of England|King Henry VIII]].
==Origins== [[File:Scadbury Manor.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Remains of [[Scadbury Park|Scadbury Hall]], seat of the Walsingham family]] He was the eldest son and heir of James Walsingham (1462–1540) of Scadbury by his wife Eleanor Writtle (pre-1465 – post-1540), the daughter and heiress of Walter Writtle of [[Bobbingworth]] in [[Essex]].{{sfn|Robison|2004}} Sir Edmund, according to a [[monumental brass]] formerly in the church at Scadbury, had three brothers and seven sisters, including:{{sfn|Robertson|1880|p=390}}{{sfn|Metcalfe|1879|p=622}} *William Walsingham (died 1534), who married [[Joyce Denny]] (1506/7–1560), the daughter of [[Edmund Denny|Sir Edmund Denny]], one of the [[Chief Baron of the Exchequer|Barons of the Exchequer]], and his second wife, Mary Troutbeck (died 1507), the daughter of Robert Troutbeck of [[Bridge Trafford]], [[Cheshire]], by whom he was the father of [[Francis Walsingham|Sir Francis Walsingham]] (c.1532–1590), Principal Secretary to [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]], and five daughters, Elizabeth (died 1596), Barbara, Christian, Eleanor and Mary (1527/8–1577). After William Walsingham's death, Joyce (née Denny) married [[John Carey (courtier)|Sir John Carey]], a younger brother of [[William Carey (courtier)|Sir William Carey]], by whom she had two sons, [[Sir Wymond Carey]] and [[Edward Cary (died 1618)|Sir Edward Carey]].{{sfn|Robertson|1880|p=401}}{{sfn|Adams|Bryson|Leimon|2004}}{{sfn|Nichols|1866|pp=51–54}} *Elizabeth Walsingham, who married Thomas Ayloffe, second son of William Ayloffe (died 1517), a Bencher of Lincoln’s Inn, by his wife Audrey Shaa, widow of John Writtle and daughter of Sir John Shaa, a London goldsmith and [[List of Lord Mayors of London|Lord Mayor]] in 1501. Thomas Ayloffe’s elder brother, William Ayloffe (died 1569), married Anne Barnardiston, the daughter of Sir Thomas Barnardiston (died 7 November 1542) of Ketton in [[Kedington]], [[Suffolk]], by whom he was the father of [[William Ayloffe (judge)|William Ayloffe]] (c.1535 – 17 November 1584).{{sfn|Burke|Burke|1844|p=30}}{{sfn|Baker|2004}}{{sfn|Metcalfe|1879|p=543}}{{sfn|Metcalfe|1878|pp=141, 340}}{{sfn|Crisp|1907|pp=170–3}} *Cecily Walsingham. *Margaret Walsingham.
===Early origins=== Although the Walsingham pedigree is said to date to the thirteenth century, the family is first recorded in the County of [[Kent]] in 1424, when Thomas I Walsingham purchased the manor of [[Scadbury Park|Scadbury]]. The descent was as follows: *[[Thomas Walsingham (died 1457)|Thomas I Walsingham]] (d.1457) a wealthy wine and cloth merchant in the [[City of London]] who served as a [[Member of Parliament]] for [[Wareham (UK Parliament constituency)|Wareham]] in 1410 and for [[Lyme Regis (UK Parliament constituency)|Lyme Regis]] in 1413, both in Dorset.<ref>Woodger, L.S., biography of ''Walsingham, Thomas (d.1457), of London'', published in [[History of Parliament]]: the House of Commons 1386-1421, ed. J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe., 1993 [http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1386-1421/member/walsingham-thomas-1457] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227001658/http://www.histparl.ac.uk/volume/1386-1421/member/walsingham-thomas-1457 |date=27 February 2021 }}</ref> He married Margaret{{sfn|Robertson|1880|p=403}} Bamme, daughter and heiress<ref>Margaret Bamme was an heiress as the arms of Bamme were subsequently quartered by the Walsingham family. See [[:File:HeraldicEastWindow StLawrence'sChurch Mereworth Kent.jpg]](Source: C. R. Councer, ''Heraldic Painted Glass in the Church of St. Lawrence, Mereworth'', Archaeologia Cantiana, Vol.77, 1962, pp.48-62, esp. p.50 et seq [https://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Research/Pub/ArchCant/Vol.077%20-%201962/077-03.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200718014339/https://www.kentarchaeology.org.uk/Research/Pub/ArchCant/Vol.077%20-%201962/077-03.pdf |date=18 July 2020 }})</ref> of Henry Bamme, of the [[City of London]], a member of the [[Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.scadbury-park.org.uk/about/brief-history-of-scadbury|title = Brief history of Scadbury}}</ref> He purchased the manor of [[Scadbury Park|Scadbury]] in the parish of [[Chislehurst]],<ref name=Scadbury>[http://www.chislehurst.co.uk/history/scadbury-manor/ Scadbury Manor] Retrieved 15 June 2103.</ref> to which additional land was added in 1433.{{sfn|Lee|1899|p=228}} *Thomas II Walsingham (1436–1467), son and heir, who married Constance Dryland (died 14 November 1476), a daughter of James Dryland, of [[Davington]], by whom he had a son, James Walsingham (1462 – 10 December 1540). Constance survived him and remarried to John Green, who in 1476 was [[High Sheriff of Kent|Sheriff of Kent]] in right of his wife.{{sfn|Robertson|1880|p=390}} *James Walsingham, son and heir, who married Eleanor Writtle (born before 1465, died after 1540), the daughter and heiress of Walter Writtle of [[Bobbingworth]], [[Essex]],{{sfn|Robison|2004}} by whom, according to a [[monumental brass]] formerly in the church at Scadbury, he had four sons and seven daughters, {{sfn|Robertson|1880|p=390}}{{sfn|Metcalfe|1879|p=622}} the eldest of whom was Sir Edmund Walsingham (d.1550), the subject of this article.
==Career== [[File:St. Nicholas' Church, Chiselhurst - geograph.org.uk - 81517.jpg|thumb|right|300px|St Nicholas' church, Chislehurst, where Sir Edmund Walsingham was buried]] Walsingham entered the service of [[Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk|Thomas Howard, Earl of Surrey]] (later 3rd Duke of Norfolk), and was knighted by him on 13 September 1513, four days after the decisive English victory over the Scots at the [[Battle of Flodden]], in which the English army was commanded by Surrey's father [[Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk]]. In 1520 he was part of the Kent contingent accompanying King [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] at the [[Field of the Cloth of Gold]] in [[Calais]] in June, and at the King's meeting with the [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Charles V]] at [[Gravelines]] in July.<ref>Edward Webb, ''The History of Chislehurst'' (London: George Allen, 1899), pp. 119–120.</ref>
In 1521 he was appointed a sewer in the royal household, was made a freeman of the [[Worshipful Company of Mercers]], was on the jury which tried and convicted [[Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham]],{{sfn|Robison|2004}} and succeeded Sir [[Richard Cholmondeley]] as [[Lieutenant of the Tower of London]] at a salary of £100 a year. He held the office until Henry VIII's death in 1547,<ref>Robison says he relinquished it in 1543.</ref> residing in a house at the [[Tower of London|Tower]], and taking personal charge of prisoners of state, among them [[Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury]], [[Catherine Howard]], [[Henry Courtenay, 1st Marquess of Exeter]], [[Henry Pole, 1st Baron Montagu]], [[Agnes Howard, Duchess of Norfolk]], [[Arthur Plantagenet, 1st Viscount Lisle]], [[Anne Boleyn]], Bishop [[Bishop John Fisher|John Fisher]] and Sir [[Thomas More]].{{sfn|Lee|1899|pp=228–30}}<ref name=history>[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/walsingham-sir-edmund-1480-1550 Walsingham, Sir Edmund (by 1480–1550), of Scadbury, Chislehurst, Kent, History of Parliament] Retrieved 16 June 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=503BBAAAQBAJ&q=Thomas+More&pg=PT13|title=Sir Francis Walsingham: Courtier in an Age of Terror|first=Derek|last=Wilson|date=25 July 2013|publisher=Little, Brown Book Group|isbn=9781472112484}}</ref> It was to Walsingham that More made his jest on ascending the scaffold, "I pray you, Master Lieutenant, see me safe up, and for my coming down, let me shift for myself".{{sfn|Robison|2004}}{{sfn|Bridgett|1891|p=434}}
In the 1530s Walsingham acquired long-term leases of the manors of Tyting in Surrey and [[Stanground, Peterborough|Stanground]] in [[Huntingdonshire]], and in 1543 purchased the manors of Swanton Court, West Peckham and Yokes near Scadbury from Sir [[Robert Southwell (lawyer)|Robert Southwell]]. In 1539, after the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]], the king granted him nine houses in London, former monastic property.<ref name=history/><ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=62888 'Parishes: West Peckham', ''The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent'': Volume 5 (1798), pp. 56–70] Retrieved 16 June 2013.</ref>
In 1544 he became vice-chamberlain to Henry VIII's sixth wife, [[Katherine Parr]].<ref>p.165, [[Linda Porter (historian)|Linda Porter]], ''Katherine the Queen''</ref>{{sfn|Robison|2004}} He was elected to Parliament as a [[Knights of the Shire|Knight of the Shire]] for Surrey in 1545.{{sfn|Lee|1899|pp=228–30}}<ref name=history/>
==Marriages and issue== Walsingham married twice:
===First marriage=== Firstly he married Katherine Gounter (or Gunter) (before 1495 – c. 1526), widow of Henry Morgan of [[Pencoed]], [[Monmouthshire]], and a daughter of John Gounter of [[Chilworth, Surrey]], by his wife Elizabeth Attworth (or Utworth), a daughter and heiress of William Attworth,{{sfn|Lee|1899|pp=228–30}} by whom he had four sons and four daughters:{{sfn|Robison|2004}}{{sfn|Bannerman|1899|pp=11, 33}}{{sfn|Arnold|1871|p=3}}<ref>[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/walsingham-sir-edmund-1480-1550 Walsingham, Sir Edmund (by 1480–1550), of Scadbury, Chislehurst, Kent, History of Parliament] Retrieved 14 June 2013.</ref> *[[Thomas Walsingham (c. 1526–1584)|Sir Thomas Walsingham]] (c.1526 – 15 January 1584), who married Dorothy Guildford (died 1584), the daughter of [[John Guildford|Sir John Guildford]] (died 5 July 1565), by whom he was the father of [[Thomas Walsingham (literary patron)|Sir Thomas Walsingham]], patron of [[Christopher Marlowe]].<ref name=Walsingham>[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1558-1603/member/walsingham-thomas-1526-84 Walsingham, Thomas (c.1526–84), of Scadbury, Chislehurst, Kent, History of Parliament]{{Dead link|date=January 2026 |bot=InternetArchiveBot }} Retrieved 14 June 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/guildford-john-1508-65 Guildford, John (by 1508–65), of Hemsted, Kent, History of Parliament] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309113506/http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/guildford-john-1508-65 |date=9 March 2014 }} Retrieved 14 June 2013.</ref> *George Walsingham, who died young. *John Walsingham, who died young. *Walter Walsingham, who died young. *Mary Walsingham, who married Sir Thomas Barnardiston (died 1551), the son of Sir Thomas Barnardiston (died 7 November 1542) by Anne Lucas, the daughter of Sir Thomas Lucas (died 7 July 1531) of [[Little Saxham|Little Saxham Hall]], [[Suffolk]], [[Solicitor General for England and Wales|Solicitor-General]] to [[Henry VII of England|King Henry VII]].{{sfn|Burke|Burke|1838|p=40}}{{sfn|Rokewode|1838|p=131-3}}{{sfn|Crisp|1907|pp=170–3}} *Alice Walsingham (died 21 May 1558), who married [[Thomas Saunders (died 1565)|Sir Thomas Saunders]] (died 18 August 1565), third but eldest surviving son of Nicholas Saunders of [[Charlwood]], [[Surrey]], by Alice Hungate, the daughter of John Hungate, by whom she had three sons and two daughters.<ref>[http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1509-1558/member/saunders-thomas-1513-65 Saunders, Thomas (by 1513–65), of London and Charlwood, Surrey, History of Parliament] Retrieved 14 June 2013.</ref> *Eleanor Walsingham,<ref>[[Francis Walsingham|Sir Francis Walsingham]] had a sister named Eleanor (died before 1542) who married [[William Sharington|Sir William Sharington]], with whom Sir Edmund Walsingham's daughter, Eleanor, is confused in some sources.</ref> who is said to have married Richard Finch, third son of Sir William Finch, [[High Sheriff of Kent|Sheriff of Kent]], by his first wife, Elizabeth Cromer.{{sfn|Brydges|1812|p=377}}{{sfn|Richardson II|2011|p=169}} Eleanor Walsingham is also said to have married, as his second wife, Edward Baynard (died 1575) of [[Lackham]], [[Wiltshire]], and to have been buried at [[Lacock]], [[Wiltshire]], on 20 August 1559.{{sfn|Bannerman|1899|p=11}}{{sfn|Old Lackham House|1902|pp=60, 62}} *Katherine Walsingham, who died young.
===Second marriage=== He married secondly, Anne Jerningham, a daughter of Sir Edward Jerningham (died 6 January 1515) of [[Somerleyton]], [[Suffolk]], by his wife Margaret Bedingfield (died 24 March 1504).<ref>Edward Webb, ''The History of Chislehurst'' (London: George Allen, 1899), p. 125.</ref> At the time of her marriage to Sir Edmund Walsingham, Anne Jerningham was the widow of three successive husbands: Lord Edward Grey (died before 1517), eldest son and heir of [[Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset]], and grandson of [[Edward IV of England|King Edward IV]]'s wife, [[Elizabeth Woodville]]; [[Henry Barley]] (died 12 November 1529) of [[Albury, Hertfordshire]]; and Sir [[Robert Drury (speaker)|Robert Drury]], [[Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)|Speaker of the House of Commons]].<ref>According to some sources, Anne Jerningham is also said to have been the widow of a fifth husband surnamed Berkeley, about whom nothing further is known.</ref>{{sfn|Richardson II|2011|p=93}}{{sfn|Hyde|2004}}{{sfn|Challen|1963|pp=5–9}}<ref>[http://www.kateemersonhistoricals.com/TudorWomenI-J.htm 'Anne Jerningham', ''A Who’s Who of Tudor Women: I-J'', compiled by Kathy Lynn Emerson to update and correct ''Wives and Daughters: The Women of Sixteenth-Century England'' (1984)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100805063311/http://www.kateemersonhistoricals.com/TudorWomenI-J.htm |date=5 August 2010 }} Retrieved 13 June 2013.</ref>
==Death and burial== Walsingham died on 9 February 1550 and was buried in "a table tomb, richly ornamented with roses, acorns and foliage gilt"{{sfn|Dugdale|1835|p=468}} in the Scadbury chapel in the church of St Nicholas at Chislehurst.<ref>Hutchinson, Robert (2007) ''Elizabeth's Spy Master: Francis Walsingham and the Secret War that Saved England''. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. {{ISBN|978-0-297-84613-0}}, p. 296</ref> His son and heir, Thomas Walsingham, erected a monument to his memory in 1581; the inscription begins:{{sfn|Lee|1899|pp=228–30}}{{sfn|Lysons|1796|p=351}}
''<poem>A knight sometime of worthy fame, Lieth buried under this stony bower, Sir Edmund Walsingham was his name, Lieutenant he was of London Tower.</poem>''
His will, dated 8 February 1550, was proved on 8 November of that year.{{sfn|Lee|1899|pp=228–30}}
==References== {{Reflist}}
==Bibliography== *{{cite ODNB |last=Adams |first=Simon |year=2004 |title=Walsingham, Sir Francis (c.1532–1590) |last2=Bryson |first2=Alan |last3=Leimon |first3=Mitchell |id=28624}} *{{Cite journal |last=Arnold |first=Frederick H. |year=1871 |title=Racton |journal=Sussex Archaeological Collections |location=Lewes, Sussex |publisher=Sussex Archaeological Society |volume=XXIII |pages=1–19 |doi=10.5284/1085399 |doi-access=free}} *{{cite ODNB |last=Baker |first=J.H. |year=2004 |title=Ayloffe, William (c.1535–1584) |id=939}} *{{Cite book |editor-last=Bannerman |editor-first=W. 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==External links== *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D952194 Will of Sir Edmund Walsingham, proved 8 November 1550, PROB 11/33/405, National Archives] Retrieved 15 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D968906 Will of Thomas Walsingham of London, Proved 10 May 1456, PROB 11/4/106, National Archives] Retrieved 15 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D949798 Will of James Walsingham of Chiselhurst, Kent, proved 21 April 1541, PROB 11/28/471, National Archives] Retrieved 15 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D976843 Will of William Walsingham of London, proved 23 March 1534, PROB 11/25/138, National Archives] Retrieved 15 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D947083 Will of Lady Anne Grey, widow, of Yates, Kent, proved 8 May 1558 (sic), PROB 11/42B/3, National Archives] Retrieved 15 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D956896 Will of Sir Thomas Saunders of Charlwood, Surrey, proved 7 July 1566, PROB 11/48/525, National Archives] Retrieved 15 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D950161 Will of Thomas Barnardiston, proved 13 November 1542, PROB 11/29/212, National Archives] Retrieved 20 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D979615 Will of Dame Anne Barnardiston, widow, of Kedington, Suffolk, proved 3 May 1560, PROB 11/43/276, National Archives] Retrieved 20 June 2013 *[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/SearchUI/Details?uri=D952670 Will of Sir Thomas Barnardiston of Kedington, Suffolk, proved 2 October 1551, PROB 11/34/370, National Archives] Retrieved 20 June 2013
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Walsingham, Edmund}} [[Category:1550 deaths]] [[Category:Lieutenants of the Tower of London]] [[Category:English MPs 1545–1547]] [[Category:16th-century English knights]] [[Category:Year of birth uncertain]] [[Category:Walsingham family|Edmund]]