{{Short description|10-item questionnaire}} {{Infobox diagnostic | name = Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale | image = | alt = | caption = | pronounce = | purpose =identify postpartum depression | test of = | based on = | synonyms = | reference_range = | calculator = | DiseasesDB = <!--{{DiseasesDB2|numeric_id}}--> | ICD10 = <!--{{ICD10|Group|Major|minor|LinkGroup|LinkMajor}} or {{ICD10PCS|code|char1/char2/char3/char4}}--> | ICD9 = }} The '''Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale''' ('''EPDS''') is a 10-item questionnaire that was developed to identify women who have [[postpartum depression]].<ref name="auto">{{cite journal |author1=Cox J.L. |author2=Holden J.M. |author3=Sagovsky R. | year = 1987 | title = Detection of postnatal depression: development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale | journal = Br J Psychiatry | volume = 150 | pages = 782–786 | pmid = 3651732 | doi=10.1192/bjp.150.6.782|s2cid=13841634 }}</ref> Items of the scale correspond to various [[clinical depression]] [[symptom]]s, such as guilt feeling, sleep disturbance, low energy, [[anhedonia]], and [[suicide|suicidal ideation]]. Overall assessment is done by total score, which is determined by adding together the scores for each of the 10 items. Higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms.<ref name="auto"/> The EPDS may be used within 8 weeks postpartum and it also can be applied for depression screening during [[pregnancy]].<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Bergink V, Kooistra L |author2=Lambregtse-van, den Berg MP |author3=Wijnen H |author4=Bunevicius R |author5=van Baar A |author6=Pop V | date = Apr 2011 | title = Validation of the Edinburgh Depression Scale during pregnancy | journal = J Psychosom Res | volume = 70 | issue = 4| pages = 385–389 | doi = 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.07.008 | pmid = 21414460 }}</ref>
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale is a widely used depression [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] tool, which has been adapted and validated in many languages.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Garcia-Esteve L, Ascaso C, Ojuel J, Navarro P | date = Jun 2003 | title = Validation of the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) in Spanish mothers | journal = J Affect Disord | volume = 75 | issue = 1| pages = 71–76 | pmid = 12781353 | doi=10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00020-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Bergant AM, Nguyen T, Heim K, Ulmer H, Dapunt O | date = Jan 1998 | title = German language version and validation of the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale | journal = Dtsch Med Wochenschr | volume = 123 | issue = 3| pages = 35–40 | doi = 10.1055/s-2007-1023895 | pmid = 9472218 | s2cid = 58227985 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Vivilaki VG, Dafermos V, Kogevinas M, Bitsios P, Lionis C | date = Sep 2009 | title = The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale: translation and validation for a Greek sample | journal = BMC Public Health | volume = 9 | page = 329 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2458-9-329 | pmid = 19740443 | pmc=2748079 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
== History ==
The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was first developed (1987) by Scottish health centres in [[Edinburgh]] and [[Livingston, West Lothian|Livingston]].<ref>http://www2.illinois.gov/hfs/MedicalProvider/MaternalandChildHealthPromotion/Pages/Edinburgh.aspx {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150615133003/http://www2.illinois.gov/hfs/MedicalProvider/MaternalandChildHealthPromotion/Pages/Edinburgh.aspx |date=2015-06-15 }},</ref>
== See also == * [[Diagnostic classification and rating scales used in psychiatry]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Depression rating scales}}
[[Category:Depression self-report inventories]]