{{Short description|Instrument on the Parker Solar Probe}} thumb|IS☉IS instrument location thumb|IS☉IS hardware being prepared for its mission, EPI-Lo hardware shown in 2017 '''Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun''' or '''IS☉IS''', is an instrument aboard the ''Parker Solar Probe'', a space probe designed to study the Sun. IS☉IS is focused on measuring energetic particles from the Sun, including electrons, protons, and ions.<ref name="auto2">{{Cite news|url=https://parkersolarprobe.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/Show-Article.php?articleID=86|title=Parker Solar Probe Instruments: IS☉IS|last=JHUAPL|work=Parker Solar Probe|access-date=2018-10-20|language=en}}</ref> The parent spacecraft was launched in early August 2018, and with multiple flybys of Venus will study the heliosphere of the Sun from less than 4 million kilometers or less than 9 solar radii.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.space.com/42015-nasa-parker-solar-probe-first-venus-flyby.html|title=NASA Solar Probe Flies By Venus on Its Way to 'Touch' the Sun|work=Space.com|access-date=2018-10-20}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://parkersolarprobe.jhuapl.edu/News-Center/Show-Article.php?articleID=96|title=After Near-Perfect Trajectory Maneuver, Parker Solar Probe On Course To Touch The Sun|last=JHUAPL|work=Parker Solar Probe|access-date=2018-10-20|language=en}}</ref>
IS☉IS consists of two detectors, EPI-Lo and EPI-Hi, corresponding to detection of relatively lower and higher energy particles.<ref name="auto">{{Cite journal|last1=McComas|first1=D. J.|last2=Alexander|first2=N.|last3=Angold|first3=N.|last4=Bale|first4=S.|last5=Beebe|first5=C.|last6=Birdwell|first6=B.|last7=Boyle|first7=M.|last8=Burgum|first8=J. M.|last9=Burnham|first9=J. A.|date=2014-07-05|title=Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISIS): Design of the Energetic Particle Investigation|journal=Space Science Reviews|language=en|volume=204|issue=1–4|pages=187–256|doi=10.1007/s11214-014-0059-1|issn=0038-6308|doi-access=free}}</ref> EPI-Lo is designed to detect from about 20 keV per nucleon up to 15 MeV (mega electronvolts) total energy, and for electrons from about 25 keV up to 1000 keV.<ref name="auto"/> EPI-Hi is designed to measure charged particles from about 1– to 200 MeV per nucleon and electrons from about 0.5 to 6 MeV, according to a paper about the device.<ref name="auto"/>
The shortname includes a symbol for the Sun, a circle with a dot in it: ☉.<ref name="auto2"/> NASA suggests pronouncing the name as {{IPAc-en|i:|s|I|s}} in English.<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/parker-solar-probe-instruments|title = Parker Solar Probe Instruments|date = 12 July 2018|access-date = 16 September 2019|archive-date = 11 August 2018|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180811133110/https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/parker-solar-probe-instruments/|url-status = dead}}</ref>
==Operations== thumb|Labeled diagram of IS☉IS By September 2018, IS☉IS had been turned on and first light data was returned.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://blogs.nasa.gov/parkersolarprobe/2018/09/19/illuminating-first-light-data-from-parker-solar-probe/|title=Illuminating First Light Data from Parker Solar Probe – Parker Solar Probe|website=blogs.nasa.gov|date=19 September 2018 |language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-23}}</ref>
==EPI-Hi== EPI-Hi includes:<ref name="auto1">{{Cite conference|url=https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20110013395/downloads/20110013395.pdf|title=The Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISIS): Energetic Particle Measurements for the Solar Probe Plus Mission |conference=32nd International Cosmic Ray Conference |location=Beijing, China |date=January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928094835/https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20110013395/downloads/20110013395.pdf |archive-date=28 September 2022 |url-status=live |author1=McComas, D. J. |author2=Christian, E. R. |author3=Wiedenbeck, M. E. |author4=McNutt, R. L. |author5=Cummings, A. C. |author6=Desai, M. I. |author7=Giacalone, J. |author8=Hill, M. E. |author9=Mewaldt, R. E. |author10=Krimigis, S. M. |author11=Livi, S. A. |author12=Mitchell, D. G. |author13=Matthaeus, W. H. |author14=Roelof, E. C. |author15=Schwadron, N. A. |author16=Stone, E. C. |author17=von Rosenvinge, T. T.}}</ref> *High Energy Telescope (1) **HET has 16 detectors stacked *Low Energy Telescopes (2) **LET1 is double ended with 9 stacked detectors **LET2 is single ended with 7 stacked detectors
The detectors are solid-state devices.<ref name="auto1"/>
==EPI-Lo== EPI-Lo includes 8 wedge detectors, fed by 80 separate entrances.<ref name="auto1"/> These entrances correspond to covering a field of view over almost a full hemisphere.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://spacephysics.princeton.edu/missions-instruments/isois | title=Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISʘIS) | Space Physics at Princeton}}</ref>
EPI-Lo can record differential energy spectra for electrons, Hydrogen, Helium-3, Helium-4, Carbon, Oxygen, Neon, Magnesium, Silicon, and Iron.<ref name="auto1"/>
==See also== *JEDI (instrument on ''Juno'' Jupiter orbiter that detects energetic particles at Jupiter)
==References== {{reflist}}
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Category:Parker Solar Probe Category:Spacecraft instruments