{{Short description|Genus of bacteria}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = | image_caption = | taxon = Dysosmobacter | authority = Le Roy et al., 2020 | type_species = ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'' | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = * ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'' * ''Dysosmobacter hominis'' * ''Dysosmobacter acutus'' }}
'''''Dysosmobacter''''' is a genus of strictly anaerobic, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria in the family Oscillospiraceae, order Eubacteriales. Members of this genus are part of the gut microbiota of humans and other animals and are of interest for their potential health-related properties, particularly their production of short-chain fatty acids such as butyrate.
== Taxonomy == The genus ''Dysosmobacter'' was first described in 2020 by Le Roy et al., who isolated the type species, ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'', from the feces of a healthy human subject.<ref name="LeRoy2020">{{cite journal | last1 = Le Roy | first1 = T. | last2 = Van der Smissen | first2 = P. | last3 = Paquot | first3 = A. | last4 = Delzenne | first4 = N. | last5 = Muccioli | first5 = G.G. | last6 = Collet | first6 = J.F. | last7 = Cani | first7 = P.D. | title = ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'' gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human faeces and emended description of the genus ''Oscillibacter'' | journal = International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology | date = September 2020 | volume = 70 | issue = 9 | pages = 4851–4858 | doi = 10.1099/ijsem.0.003547 | pmid = 31232680 | hdl = 2078.1/226713 | hdl-access = free }}</ref>
Two additional species have since been validly published: * ''Dysosmobacter hominis'', isolated from human feces and described in 2021 by Liu et al. as part of a comprehensive culturomics study of the human gut microbiome.<ref name="Liu2021">{{cite journal | last1 = Liu | first1 = C. | last2 = Du | first2 = M.X. | last3 = Abuduaini | first3 = R. | last4 = Yu | first4 = H.Y. | last5 = Li | first5 = D.H. | last6 = Wang | first6 = Y.J. | last7 = Zhou | first7 = N. | last8 = Jiang | first8 = M.Z. | last9 = Niu | first9 = P.X. | last10 = Han | first10 = S.S. | last11 = Chen | first11 = H.H. | last12 = Shi | first12 = W.Y. | last13 = Wu | first13 = L. | last14 = Xin | first14 = Y.H. | last15 = Ma | first15 = J. | last16 = Zhou | first16 = Y. | last17 = Jiang | first17 = C.Y. | last18 = Liu | first18 = H.W. | last19 = Liu | first19 = S.J. | title = Enlightening the taxonomy darkness of human gut microbiomes with a cultured biobank | journal = Microbiome | date = May 21, 2021 | volume = 9 | issue = 1 | pages = 119 | doi = 10.1186/s40168-021-01064-3 | doi-access = free | pmid = 34020714 | pmc = 8140505}} * {{cite journal |title=Erratum: Enlightening the taxonomy darkness of human gut microbiomes with a cultured biobank |journal=Microbiome |date=October 3, 2022 |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=163 |doi=10.1186/s40168-022-01370-4|doi-access=free |pmid=36192813 |last1=Liu |first1=C. |last2=Du |first2=M. X. |last3=Abuduaini |first3=R. |last4=Yu |first4=H. Y. |last5=Li |first5=D. H. |last6=Wang |first6=Y. J. |last7=Zhou |first7=N. |last8=Jiang |first8=M. Z. |last9=Niu |first9=P. X. |last10=Han |first10=S. S. |last11=Chen |first11=H. H. |last12=Shi |first12=W. Y. |last13=Wu |first13=L. |last14=Xin |first14=Y. H. |last15=Ma |first15=J. |last16=Zhou |first16=Y. |last17=Jiang |first17=C. Y. |last18=Liu |first18=H. W. |last19=Liu |first19=S. J. |pmc=9528141 }}</ref>
* ''Dysosmobacter acutus'', isolated from monkey feces and described in 2022 by Li et al.<ref name="Li2022">{{cite journal | last1 = Li | first1 = D.H. | last2 = Abuduaini | first2 = R. | last3 = Du | first3 = M.X. | last4 = Wang | first4 = Y.J. | last5 = Chen | first5 = H.H. | last6 = Zhou | first6 = N. | last7 = Zhu | first7 = H.Z. | last8 = Lu | first8 = Y. | last9 = Yu | first9 = P.J. | last10 = Yang | first10 = Y.P. | last11 = Jiang | first11 = C.Y. | last12 = Sun | first12 = Q. | last13 = Liu | first13 = C. | last14 = Liu | first14 = S.J. | title = ''Alkaliphilus flagellatus'' sp. nov., ''Butyricicoccus intestinisimiae'' sp. nov., ''Clostridium mobile'' sp. nov., ''Clostridium simiarum'' sp. nov., ''Dysosmobacter acutus'' sp. nov., ''Paenibacillus brevis'' sp. nov., ''Peptoniphilus ovalis'' sp. nov. and ''Tissierella simiarum'' sp. nov., isolated from monkey faeces | journal = International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology | date = March 2022 | volume = 72 | issue = 3 | pages = 005276 | doi = 10.1099/ijsem.0.005276 | pmid = 35258450 | pmc = 9558573 }}</ref>
== Etymology == The name ''Dysosmobacter'' derives from the Greek "dysosme" meaning "bad smell" and Latin "bacter" meaning "rod", referring to the strong odor produced by the type strain in culture and its rod-shaped morphology.
== Morphology and physiology == Species of ''Dysosmobacter'' are: * Strictly anaerobic * Non-motile * Non-spore-forming * Rod-shaped * Gram-negative in staining, although phylogenetically related to Gram-positive clades
They are mesophilic and fermentative, producing SCFAs such as butyrate.
== Ecology == ''Dysosmobacter'' species have been isolated from human and non-human primate feces. They are detected in healthy individuals and are considered part of the core gut microbiota.
== Functional significance == ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'' has been shown to exert health-promoting effects in mouse models, including: * Prevention of diet-induced obesity * Improvement of glucose metabolism * Reduction of adipose tissue inflammation
These effects were not observed with heat-inactivated cells, indicating that live bacteria are necessary for activity.<ref name="LeRoy2022">{{cite journal | last1 = Le Roy | first1 = T. | last2 = Moens de Hase | first2 = E. | last3 = Van Hul | first3 = M. | last4 = Paquot | first4 = A. | last5 = Pelicaen | first5 = R. | last6 = Régnier | first6 = M. | last7 = Depommier | first7 = C. | last8 = Druart | first8 = C. | last9 = Everard | first9 = A. | last10 = Maiter | first10 = D. | last11 = Delzenne | first11 = N.M. | last12 = Bindels | first12 = L.B. | last13 = de Barsy | first13 = M. | last14 = Loumaye | first14 = A. | last15 = Hermans | first15 = M.P. | last16 = Thissen | first16 = J.P. | last17 = Vieira-Silva | first17 = S. | last18 = Falony | first18 = G. | last19 = Raes | first19 = J. | last20 = Muccioli | first20 = G.G. | last21 = Cani | first21 = P.D. | title = ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'' is a newly isolated human commensal bacterium preventing diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in mice | journal = Gut | date = March 2022 | volume = 71 | issue = 3 | pages = 534–543 | doi = 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323778 | pmid = 34108237 | pmc = 8862106 }}</ref>
== Species == As of 2025, the genus ''Dysosmobacter'' includes the following validly published species: * ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'' Le Roy et al. 2020 * ''Dysosmobacter hominis'' Liu et al. 2021 * ''Dysosmobacter acutus'' Li et al. 2022
== See also == * Gut microbiota * Short-chain fatty acid
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == * [https://lpsn.dsmz.de/genus/dysosmobacter LPSN entry for ''Dysosmobacter''] * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=2480146 NCBI Taxonomy Browser: ''Dysosmobacter''] * [https://bacdive.dsmz.de/strain/159052 BacDive entry for ''Dysosmobacter welbionis'']
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Category:Oscillospiraceae Category:Bacteria described in 2020 Category:Gut flora bacteria Category:Anaerobes Category:Bacteria genera