Dustin Berg

{{Short description|Former recipient of the Purple Heart medal}} {{Infobox criminal | name = Dustin Berg | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1983|02|19}} | birth_place = United States | death_date =  | death_place = | nationality = | other_names = | conviction_status = Released | conviction = Negligent homicide<br>Making official false statements (2 counts)<br>Self injury without intent to avoid service | criminal_penalty = 18 months imprisonment }} '''Dustin Berg''' (born February 19, 1983) is a former member of the Indiana National Guard.<ref name=LosAngelesTimes2005-07-26/> In July 2005, he pleaded guilty to fatally shooting Hussein Kamel Hadi Dawood al-Zubeidi,<ref name=LosAngelesTimes2005-07-26/> who had been his partner during the U.S. occupation of Iraq. He was sentenced to serve 18 months.<ref name=LosAngelesTimes2005-07-26/>

Berg's original claim of self-defense was initially believed, and he was awarded a Purple Heart for the event that later earned him detention, demotion and a Bad Conduct Discharge.<ref name=NYTimes2005-05-23/>

==Investigation== Berg initially told investigators that he had been shot by the Iraqi police officer and then returned fire, killing him. Capt. Dan Stigall, who prosecuted the case, said Berg stuck with that story until 2004, when he admitted killing the Iraqi policeman.<ref name=NYTimes2005-05-23> {{Cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/23/national/23soldier.html?pagewanted=1 | title=An Iraqi Police Officer's Death, a Soldier's Varying Accounts | work=The New York Times | date=2005-05-23 | author=Monica Davey | accessdate=2010-01-30 | url-status=live | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150529192858/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/23/us/an-iraqi-police-officers-death-a-soldiers-varying-accounts.html | archive-date=2015-05-29 }}</ref><ref name=TheJurist2005-03-05> {{Cite news |url = http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2005_03_05_indexarch.php#111003523600900104 |title = National Guardsman to be court-martialed for murder of Iraqi police officer |work = The Jurist |date = 2005-03-05 |author = Tom Henry |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100203091751/http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2005_03_05_indexarch.php#111003523600900104 |archivedate = 2010-02-03 |accessdate = 2010-01-30 |quote = Berg, who received a Purple Heart for his injuries, initially claimed to have been shot by a man in a red turban and a white shirt before changing his story multiple times and eventually admitting to the killing. |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name=TheJurist2005-07-25> {{Cite news |url = http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2005_07_25_indexarch.php#112230181279947283 |title = National Guardsman pleads guilty in shooting death of Iraqi police officer |work = The Jurist |date = 2005-07-25 |first1 = Tom |last1 = Henry |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100203091751/http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/paperchase/2005_03_05_indexarch.php#111003523600900104 |archivedate = 2010-02-03 |accessdate = 2010-01-30 |quote = Berg, who received a Purple Heart for his injuries, initially said the Iraqi police officer had pointed a gun at him to prevent Berg from reporting insurgent activity before changing his story multiple times and eventually admitting to the killing. |url-status = dead }}</ref>

Berg later claimed that, while on patrol with his Iraqi partner, he had a sudden premonition that his partner represented a danger to him. So he shot him three times, killing him.<ref name=NYTimes2005-05-23/>

Berg then shot himself in the stomach with his dead partner's weapon, so that he could claim he fired in self-defense.<ref name=NYTimes2005-05-23/> Berg's self-inflicted gunshot wound caused a relatively minor injury.

After Berg admitted shooting himself, his Purple Heart was later revoked.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2005-07-26|title=US soldier jailed for Iraq death|language=en-GB|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/4716607.stm|access-date=2022-01-04}}</ref>

==Court martial== Berg's court martial convened on July 25, 2005.<ref name=SanFranciscoChronicle> {{Cite news |url = http://legacy.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20050725/news_1n25trial.html |title = Was it war crimes or self-defense? |work = San Francisco Chronicle |date = 2005-07-25 |author = Ryan Lenz |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20111009125421/http://legacy.signonsandiego.com/uniontrib/20050725/news_1n25trial.html |archivedate = 2011-10-09 |url-status = dead }}</ref> On July 26, 2005, Berg pleaded guilty to negligent homicide, making false official statements, and self-injury in a hostile-fire zone.<ref name=LosAngelesTimes2005-07-26> {{Cite news |url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2005-jul-26-na-guardsman26-story.html |title = U.S. Soldier Admits Killing Iraqi Cop |work = Los Angeles Times |date = 2005-07-26 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121021080839/http://articles.latimes.com/2005/jul/26/nation/na-guardsman26 |archive-date = 2012-10-21 |access-date = 2010-01-30 |url-status = live }}</ref><ref name=NYTimes2005-07-26> {{Cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/26/washington/us/soldier-pleads-guilty-in-death-of-iraqi-officer.html | title=Soldier Pleads Guilty in Death of Iraqi Officer | work=The New York Times | date=2005-07-26 | author=Albert Salvato | accessdate=2010-01-30 | quote=A soldier accused of fatally shooting an Iraqi police officer and then shooting himself to support a claim of self-defense pleaded guilty on Monday, the day his court-martial was to begin. He faces prison and a discharge. }}</ref><ref name=Xinhua2005-07-26> {{Cite news |url = http://english.people.com.cn/200507/26/eng20050726_198151.html |title = US corporal admits guilt in killing Iraqi officer |work = People's Daily |date = 2005-07-26 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20110605125008/http://english.people.com.cn/200507/26/eng20050726_198151.html |archivedate = 2011-06-05 |url-status = dead }}</ref>

Berg was defended by Charles Gittins, an officer in the United States Marine Corps Reserve who defends American servicemen in his civilian practice.<ref name=NYTimes2005-07-26/>

During his guilty plea, Berg noted, "I feel great remorse.<ref name=NYTimes2005-07-26/> As a result of my ignorance, the Iraqi police officer left behind a 2-year-old daughter and a wife. I went to Iraq to make a better life for everyone else. By also shooting myself, I took away all the good I tried to do."

He received a six-year sentence and a Bad Conduct Discharge from the U.S. Army. A plea agreement allowed him to be released after eighteen months.<ref name=WilliamsOvercoming> {{cite news |url = http://128.163.19.153/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Overcoming-the-Unfortunate-Legacy-of-Haditha.pdf |title = Overcoming the Unfortunate Legacy of Haditha, the Stryker Brigade "Kill Team", and Pantano: Establishing More Effective War Crimes Accountability by the United States |publisher = University of Kentucky College of Law Available at 101 Ky. L.J. 337 (2012). |author = Alan F. Williams |year = 2012 |archivedate = 2022-06-27 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20220627193120/http://works.bepress.com/context/alanfwilliams/article/1008/type/native/viewcontent |url-status = dead |quote = Although a military judge sentenced him to six years of confinement and bad-conduct discharge, the terms of the plea agreement limited his confinement to eighteen months. }} </ref>

==Reaction== In June 2006 the ''Associated Press'' distributed an article on pressure within the US military justice system to impose stiffer sentences on soldiers who kill outside of the context of battle—including re-introducing capital punishment.<ref name=NorthCountyTimes2006-06-29> {{Cite news |url = http://www.nctimes.com/news/local/military/article_eb49c13c-0e5a-50f3-a8de-1ab9f6e624ae.html |title = Iraq murder charges raise specter of rarely used military death sentence |work = North County Times |date = 2006-06-29 |author = Lolita C. Baldor |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20100413203756/http://www.nctimes.com/news/local/military/article_eb49c13c-0e5a-50f3-a8de-1ab9f6e624ae.html |archivedate = 2010-04-13 |quote = A string of alleged atrocities by U.S. troops in Iraq and Afghanistan is testing the military justice system and raising the possibility that American soldiers may face the death penalty for acts in countries where every street can be a battlefield. |url-status = dead }}</ref> The article listed twenty past or pending cases, including Berg's, that contributed to the pressure to resuming seeking death sentences.

In March 2008, when Berg's unit returned to Iraq, the ''Indianapolis Star'' noted Berg's conviction, in the context of new, tighter, rules of engagement intended to prevent GIs killing Iraqis who weren't enemies.<ref name=IndyStar2008-03-30> {{Cite news | url=http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20080330/NEWS10/803300392 | title=Playing by new rules of war: To increase good will, convoys manned by Hoosiers will share road with locals | work =Indianapolis Star | date=2008-03-30 | author=Will Higgins | accessdate=2010-01-30 | quote=And the soldiers themselves can face consequences for wrongfully killing Iraqis. One of the units in the 76th saw a soldier plead guilty to negligent homicide in the killing of an Iraqi police officer when the battalion was in Iraq five years ago. Cpl. Dustin M. Berg was on patrol with the officer in November 2003. The soldier from Ferdinand said he felt threatened and shot the Iraqi. He tried to cover up the crime by shooting himself and was discharged from the service and sentenced to 18 months in an Army stockade. }}</ref> The paper quoted instructions the new commander of Berg's old battalion, Lieutenant Colonel Rodney Fogg, issued to the men in Berg's old battalion: {{quotation|''"You still have the right to self-defense. But you need to have your mind open to a different way of operating. Treat Iraqis with dignity. This is how we win -- and how we can go home."''}}

In 2012 Alan F. Williams, a professor of law at Idaho University, wrote an article in which he claimed that the Berg case was questionably handled .<ref name=WilliamsOvercoming/>

==References== {{Reflist|2}}

==External links== *{{Cite news | url=https://www.foxnews.com/story/guardsman-will-face-court-martial | title=Guardsman will face court-martial | date= March 5, 2005 | publisher=Fox News | access-date=2007-08-11 }} *{{Cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-07-25-guardsmanguilty_x.htm | title=Indiana guardsman admits guilt in Iraqi death | date=May 25, 2005 | work=USA Today | access-date=2007-08-11 }} *{{Cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2006-07-09-us-cases_x.htm | title=Criminal cases against U.S. soldiers stemming from deaths of Iraqis | date=August 2, 2006 | work=USA Today | access-date=2007-08-11 }} *{{Cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/world/iraq/2005-05-23-soldier-trial_x.htm?POE=NEWISVA | title=Judge allows testimony in soldier's trial | date=May 23, 2005 | work=USA Today | access-date=2007-08-11 }} *{{Cite news | url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2005-02-08-guardsman-murder_x.htm | title=Ind. Guardsman charged with Iraq murder | date=February 8, 2005 | work=USA Today | access-date=2007-08-11 }} *{{Cite news | url=http://legacy.utsandiego.com/news/world/iraq/20050523-1636-guardsmancharged.html | title=Guardsman says he shot Iraqi police officer in self-defense, admits shooting himself | date=May 23, 2005 | work=San Diego Union Tribune|author=Brett Barrouquere|author-link=Brett Barrouquere| access-date=2007-08-11 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://archive.today/20130202143038/http://legacy.utsandiego.com/news/world/iraq/20050523-1636-guardsmancharged.html | archive-date=2013-02-02 }} *{{Cite news | url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/05/23/news/soldier.php | title=Soldier's murder trial spurs debate on war zone killings | first1=Monica | last1=Davey | author-link=Monica Davey | date= May 24, 2005 | publisher=International Herald Tribune | access-date=2007-08-11 }}{{dead link|date=July 2025}} *{{Cite news | url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A10521-2005Mar5.html | title=Nation in brief | date=March 6, 2005 | newspaper=The Washington Post | access-date=2007-08-11 }} *{{Cite news |url = http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/stories/070106dnintinvestigations.d10144.html |title = Criminal cases against U.S. soldiers stemming from deaths of Iraqis |date = June 30, 2006 |publisher = Dallas Morning News |access-date = 2007-08-11 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070930035124/http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/world/stories/070106dnintinvestigations.d10144.html |archive-date = 2007-09-30 |url-status = dead }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Berg, Dustin}} Category:1983 births Category:Living people Category:21st-century American criminals Category:American people convicted of making false statements Category:American prisoners and detainees Category:United States Army personnel of the Iraq War Category:United States Army soldiers Category:United States Army personnel who were court-martialed Category:Military personnel from Indiana Category:Indiana National Guard personnel Category:People convicted of culpable homicide Category:Prisoners and detainees of the United States military

Dustin Berg

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