{{Short description|Genus of flatworms}} {{for|the plant|Dugesia (plant)}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = | image = Dugesia subtentaculata 1.jpg | image_caption = ''[[Dugesia subtentaculata]]'' | taxon = Dugesia | authority = [[Charles Frédéric Girard|Girard]], 1850<ref>Girard (1851). Essay on the classification of Nemertes and Planariae, preceded by some general considerations on the primary divisions of the animal kingdom. ''Proceedings of the American Association for the Advancement of Science''. 4th Mtg, New Haven, Conn., Aug 1850, pages 258-273. Washington 1851.</ref> | subdivision_ranks = [[Species]] | subdivision = [[#Phylogeny and taxonomy|See text]] | range_map = Dugesia distribution.png | range_map_caption = Distribution of genus ''Dugesia'' after Sluys et al. 1998.<ref name="Sluys98"/> | synonyms = * ''Euplanaria'' <small>Hesse, 1897</small> * ''Geopaludicola'' <small>Komarek, 1919</small> }}
'''''Dugesia''''' is a [[genus]] of freshwater [[planarian]]s in the family [[Dugesiidae]] [[triclad]]s and the type genus of this family. These common flatworms are found in freshwater habitats of Africa, Eurasia, and Australia. ''Dugesia'' is best known to non-specialists because of its [[regeneration (biology)|regeneration]] capacities.<ref name="Sluys98" />
==Description== ''Dugesia'' species have an elongated body with a slightly triangle-shaped head. They often have grey, brown, or black dorsal color, whereas the ventral surface is usually paler. These animals have a couple of eyes constituted by a multicellular pigmented cup with many retinal cells to detect the amount of light in the nearby environment. Sometimes they present supernumerary eyes. At the anterior part of the body, behind the eye level, they have a pair of structures called [[Planarian#Nervous system|auricles]] that give the triangle look to the 'head' and allow them to detect the intensity of water current. These auricles are free of pigment and [[rhabdite]]s. Each side of the anterior margin of the head has between 5 and 10 shallow sensory fossae, their number depending on the species or the individual. The sensory fossae and the auricle grooves are supplied with many nerve endings.<ref name="devries88">{{cite journal |last1=Vries |first1=Elizabeth J. |title=A synopsis of the nominal species of the subgenus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Paludicola) from Africa and Madagascar |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |date=April 1988 |volume=92 |issue=4 |pages=345–382 |doi=10.1111/j.1096-3642.1988.tb01729.x }}</ref>
The digestive system of ''Dugesia'' contains a central, non-pigmented tubular [[pharynx]]. Like the other triclads, the gut consists of three branches, one anterior and two posterior. Each branch consists of caeca, which deliver the [[nutrient]]s to the body. The gut lacks a separate opening for waste excretion.<ref>Gilbertson L. (1999). ''Zoology Lab Manual''. McGraw Hill Companies, New York; {{ISBN|0-07-237716-X}} (fourth edition, 1999).</ref>
The subepidermal musculature of ''Dugesia'' is divided into four layers.<ref name="devries88" />
In ''Dugesia'' the [[ovary|ovaries]] are ventrally situated, they start just behind the brain, usually at the level of the fourth intestinal branch. The bursal canal runs on the right side of the copulatory apparatus and above the atrium.<ref name="devries88"/> Like some ''[[Neppia]]'' species, species of ''Dugesia'' have a third layer of longitudinal musculature over the vaginal area of the bursal canal. This feature is not present in other triclads. Another feature shared with ''Neppia'' is the presence of a glandular area at the transitional area between the seminal vesicle and the ejaculatory duct, although in ''Dugesia'' these glands are concentrated at the diaphragm, a structure not present in any other genera.<ref name="Ball1974">Ball. I. R. (1974). A contribution to the phylogeny and biogeography of the freshwater triclads (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria). In Biology of the Turbellaria: 339-401. Riser, N. W. & Morse, M. P. (Eds). New York:McGraw-Hill.</ref> Ball proposed that the presence of this glands was a [[synapomorphy]] of ''Dugesia'' and ''Neppia''. The absence of these glands in some ''Neppia'' species (''N. jeanneli'', ''N. montana'' and ''N. schubarti'') is thought to be a secondary loss.<ref name="devries1991">{{cite journal |last1=Vries |first1=Elizabeth J. |last2=Sluys |first2=Ronald |title=Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola) |journal=Journal of Zoology |date=January 1991 |volume=223 |issue=1 |pages=103–116 |doi=10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb04752.x }}</ref>
==Reproduction== Species of ''Dugesia'' are [[hermaphrodites]]. Many species can reproduce both [[sexual reproduction|sexually]] and [[asexual reproduction|asexually]] (by [[parthenogenesis]] or by [[fission (biology)|fission]]).<ref name="Benzzi66">{{cite journal |last1=Lentati |first1=G. Benazzi |title=Amphimixis and pseudogamy in fresh-water triclads: Experimental reconstitution of polyploid pseudogamic biotypes |journal=Chromosoma |date=1966 |volume=20 |issue=1 |pages=1–14 |doi=10.1007/BF00331894 |s2cid=21654518 }}</ref>
==Phylogeny and taxonomy== ''Dugesia'' species lack enough morphological characters to recover the phylogenetic relation between them. The few available characters often contradict each other when a morphological phylogeny is attempted. ''Dugesia'' species are identified by the combination of diagnostic characters instead of different [[apomorphy|apomorphies]]. Over 130 species within the genus ''Dugesia'' have been described.<ref name="Sluys98">{{cite journal |last1=Sluys |first1=Ronald |last2=Kawakatsu |first2=Masaharu |last3=Winsor |first3=Leigh |title=The genus Dugesia in Australia, with its phylogenetic analysis and historical biogeography (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) |journal=Zoologica Scripta |date=October 1998 |volume=27 |issue=4 |pages=273–290 |doi=10.1111/j.1463-6409.1998.tb00461.x |s2cid=85102452 }}</ref><ref name="Wang2025" />
===Phylogeny=== [[File:Dugesia Creta.JPG|thumb|right|200px|''[[Dugesia cretica]]'' under a stone of a [[Crete|Cretan]] stream.]] [[File:Dugesia liguriensis.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Dugesia'' sp. related to ''Dugesia liguriensis'' from [[Catalonia]].]] Phylogenetic tree including five dugesiid genera after Álvarez-Presas et al., 2008:<ref name="Alvarez08">{{cite journal |last1=Álvarez-Presas |first1=Marta |last2=Baguñà |first2=Jaume |last3=Riutort |first3=Marta |title=Molecular phylogeny of land and freshwater planarians (Tricladida, Platyhelminthes): From freshwater to land and back |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=May 2008 |volume=47 |issue=2 |pages=555–568 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.032 |pmid=18359250 |bibcode=2008MolPE..47..555A }}</ref> {{clade| style=font-size:100%;line-height:80% |label1=[[Dugesiidae]] |1={{Clade |1=''[[Girardia]]'' |2={{Clade |1=''[[Neppia]]'' |2={{Clade |1=''[[Cura (genus)|Cura]]'' |2={{Clade |1=''[[Schmidtea]]'' |2=''Dugesia'' }} }} }} }} }}
Molecular phylogeny of 13 ''Dugesia'' species after Lázaro ''et al.'', 2009:<ref name="lazaro09">{{cite journal |last1=Lázaro |first1=Eva M. |last2=Sluys |first2=Ronald |last3=Pala |first3=Maria |last4=Stocchino |first4=Giacinta Angela |last5=Baguñà |first5=Jaume |last6=Riutort |first6=Marta |title=Molecular barcoding and phylogeography of sexual and asexual freshwater planarians of the genus Dugesia in the Western Mediterranean (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=September 2009 |volume=52 |issue=3 |pages=835–845 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2009.04.022 |pmid=19435604 |bibcode=2009MolPE..52..835L }}</ref> {{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85% |label1=''Dugesia'' |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia sicula|D. sicula]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia aethiopica|D. aethiopica]]'' }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia japonica|D. japonica]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia ryukyuensis|D. ryukyuensis]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia notogaea|D. notogaea]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia bengalensis|D. bengalensis]]'' }} }} }} }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia subtentaculata|D. subtentaculata]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia gonocephala|D. gonocephala]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia liguriensis|D. liguriensis]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia etrusca|D. etrusca]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia ilvana|D. ilvana]]'' }} }} }} |3={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia benazzii|D. benazzii]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia hepta|D. hepta]]'' }} }} }} }} }}
Molecular phylogeny of ''Dugesia'' species after Solà ''et al.'', 2013:<ref name="sola13">{{cite journal |last1=Solà |first1=Eduard |last2=Sluys |first2=Ronald |last3=Gritzalis |first3=Konstantinos |last4=Riutort |first4=Marta |title=Fluvial basin history in the northeastern Mediterranean region underlies dispersal and speciation patterns in the genus Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |date=March 2013 |volume=66 |issue=3 |pages=877–888 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2012.11.010 |pmid=23182762 |bibcode=2013MolPE..66..877S }}</ref> {{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85% |label1=''Dugesia'' |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia aethiopica|D. aethiopica]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia sicula|D. sicula]]'' }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia etrusca|D. etrusca]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia ilvana|D. ilvana]]'' }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia gonocephala|D. gonocephala]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia benazzii|D. benazzii]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia hepta|D. hepta]]'' }} }} }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia cretica|D. cretica]]'' |2={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia elegans|D. elegans]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia damoae|D. damoae]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia effusa|D. effusa]]'' }} }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia improvisa|D. improvisa]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia ariadnae|D. ariadnae]]'' }} }} |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia arcadia|D. arcadia]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia malickyi|D. malickyi]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia aenigma|D. aenigma]]'' |2={{clade |1=''[[Dugesia sagitta|D. sagitta]]'' |2=''[[Dugesia parasagitta|D. parasagitta]]'' }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }} }}
===Species=== The following species are currently recognised in the genus ''Dugesia'':<ref>{{Cite web|title=WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Dugesia Girard, 1850|url=https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=181568|access-date=2021-10-21|website=www.marinespecies.org}}</ref> {{div col|colwidth=22em}} *''[[Dugesia absoloni]]'' {{small|(Komarek, 1919)}} *''[[Dugesia aconcinna]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2025}}<ref name="Wang2025">{{cite journal | doi = 10.3897/zookeys.1233.142976| issue = 1233| doi-access = free| title = Two new species of freshwater planarian from Hainan Island and Leizhou Peninsula, southern China (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae)| date = 2025| last1 = Wang| first1 = Lei| last2 = Chang| first2 = Yi-Fang| last3 = Sun| first3 = Xin-Xin| last4 = Sluys| first4 = Ronald| last5 = Liu| first5 = De-Zeng| last6 = Dong| first6 = Zi-Mei| last7 = Chen| first7 = Guang-Wen| journal = ZooKeys| pages = 289–313| pmid = 40206202| pmc = 11979614| bibcode = 2025ZooK.1233..289W}}</ref> *''[[Dugesia adunca]]'' {{small|Chen & Sluys, 2022}}<ref name="Chen2022">{{cite journal | last1 = Chen | first1 = Guang-Wen | last2 = Wang | first2 = Lei | last3 = Wu | first3 = Fan | last4 = Sun | first4 = Xiao-Juan | last5 = Dong | first5 = Zi-Mei | last6 = Sluys | first6 = Ronald | last7 = Yu | first7 = Fei | last8 = Yu-Wen | first8 = Yan-Qing | last9 = Liu | first9 = De-Zeng | title = Two new species of ''Dugesia'' (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the subtropical monsoon region in Southern China, with a discussion on reproductive modalities | journal = BMC Zoology | date = 23 May 2022 | volume = 7 | issue = 1 | page = 25 | eissn = 2056-3132 | doi = 10.1186/s40850-022-00127-8 | pmid = 37170346| url = | pmc = 10126995 | doi-access = free }}</ref> *''[[Dugesia aenigma]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1984}} *''[[Dugesia aethiopica]]'' {{small|Stocchino, Corso, Manconi & Pala, 2002}} *''[[Dugesia afromontana]]'' {{small|Stocchino & Sluys, 2012}} *''[[Dugesia ancoraria]]'' {{small|Zhu & Wang, 2024}}<ref name="Zhu2024">{{cite journal | last1 = Zhu | first1 = Y. | last2 = Huang | first2 = J. | last3 = Sluys | first3 = R. | last4 = Liu | first4 = Y. | last5 = Sun | first5 = T. | last6 = Wang | first6 = A.-T. | last7 = Zhang | first7 = Y. | journal = Zoosystematics and Evolution | title = Integrative description of a new species of ''Dugesia'' (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from southern China, with its complete mitogenome and a biogeographic evaluation | volume = 100 | issue = 1 | pages = 167–182 | date = 16 February 2024 | issn = 1860-0743 | doi = 10.3897/zse.100.114016 | doi-access = free }} </ref> *''[[Dugesia andamanensis]]'' {{small|(Kaburaki, 1925)}} *''[[Dugesia annandalei]]'' {{small|(Kaburaki, 1918)}} *''[[Dugesia arabica]]'' {{small|Harrath & Sluys, 2013}} *''[[Dugesia arcadia]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia ariadnae]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1984}} *''[[Dugesia artesiana]]'' {{small|Sluys & Grant, 2007}} *''[[Dugesia astrocheta]]'' {{small|Marcus, 1953}} *''[[Dugesia aurea]]'' {{small|Leria, 2020}} *''[[Dugesia austroasiatica]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1985}} *''[[Dugesia bactriana]]'' {{small|de Beauchamp, 1959}} *''[[Dugesia bakurianica]]'' {{small|Porfirieva, 1958}} *''[[Dugesia batuensis]]'' {{small|Ball, 1970}} *''[[Dugesia benazzii]]'' {{small|Lepori, 1951}} *''[[Dugesia bengalensis]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1983}} *''[[Dugesia biblica]]'' {{small|Benazzi & Banchetti, 1973}} *''[[Dugesia bifida]]'' {{small|Stocchino & Sluys, 2014}} *''[[Dugesia bijuga]]'' {{small|Harrath & Sluys, 2019}} *''[[Dugesia borneana]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1972}} *''[[Dugesia brachycephala]]'' {{small|(Bohmig, 1897)}} *''[[Dugesia brigantii]]'' {{small|De Vries & Benazzi, 1983}} *''[[Dugesia burmaensis]]'' {{small|(Kaburaki, 1918)}} *''[[Dugesia bursagrossa]]'' {{small|Harrath & Sluys, 2025}}<ref name="Harrath2025">{{cite journal | doi = 10.11646/zootaxa.5583.1.6| title = The first Dugesia species (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) documented for Saudi Arabia: An integrative description| date = 2025| last1 = Harrath| first1 = Abdel Halim| last2 = Mansour| first2 = Lamjed| last3 = Sluys| first3 = Ronald| last4 = Aldahmich| first4 = Waleed| last5 = Riutort| first5 = Marta| last6 = Alwasel| first6 = Saleh| journal = Zootaxa| volume = 5583| issue = 1| pages = 113–127| pmid = 40174122}}</ref> *''[[Dugesia capensis]]'' {{small|Sluys, 2007}} *''[[Dugesia chichkovi]]'' {{small|(Hranova, 1929)}} *''[[Dugesia circumcisa]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2021}}<ref name="WangChen2021">{{cite journal | last1 = Wang | first1 = Lei | last2 = Chen | first2 = Jin-zi | last3 = Dong | first3 = Zi-mei | last4 = Chen | first4 = Guang-wen | last5 = Sluys | first5 = Ronald | last6 = Liu | first6 = De-zeng | title = Two new species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the tropical monsoon forest in southern China | journal = ZooKeys | date = 8 September 2021 | issue = 1059 | pages = 89–116 | issn = 1313-2989 | eissn = 1313-2970 | doi = 10.3897/zookeys.1059.65633 | pmid = 34594150 | pmc = 8443540 | url = | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2021ZooK.1059...89W }}</ref> *''[[Dugesia constrictiva]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2022}}<ref name="Wangetal2021">{{cite journal | last1 = Wang | first1 = Lei | last2 = Wang | first2 = Yixuan | last3 = Dong | first3 = Zimei | last4 = Chen | first4 = Guangwen | last5 = Sluys | first5 = Ronald | last6 = Liu | first6 = Dezeng | title = Integrative taxonomy unveils a new species of ''Dugesia'' (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the southern portion of the Taihang Mountains in northern China, with the description of its complete mitogenome and an exploratory analysis of mitochondrial gene order as a taxonomic character | journal = Integrative Zoology | date = 15 December 2021 | volume = 17 | issue = 6 | pages = 1193–1214 | issn = 1749-4877 | eissn = 1749-4877 | doi = 10.1111/1749-4877.12605 | pmid = 34783153 | url = }}</ref> *''[[Dugesia corbata]]'' {{small|Leria, 2020}} *''[[Dugesia crassimentula]]'' {{small|Sluys & Stocchino, 2024}}<ref name=Stocchino2024>{{cite journal|doi=10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae143 |title=The long-eared freshwater planarians of Madagascar form a separate phylogenetic clade within the genus ''Dugesia'' (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida), with the description of two new species |date=2024 |last1=Stocchino |first1=Giacinta Angela |last2=Sluys |first2=Ronald |last3=Solà |first3=Eduard |last4=Riutort |first4=Marta |last5=Manconi |first5=Renata |journal=Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=202 |issue=4 |article-number=zlae143 }}</ref> *''[[Dugesia cretica]]'' {{small|(Meixner, 1928)}} *''[[Dugesia damoae]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1984}} *''[[Dugesia debeauchampi]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia deharvengi]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu & Mitchell, 1989}} *''[[Dugesia didiaphragma]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia dubia]]'' {{small|(Borelli, 1895)}} *''[[Dugesia ectophysa]]'' {{small|Marcus, 1953}} *''[[Dugesia effusa]]'' {{small|Sluys, 2013}}<ref name="Sluys2013">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1111/zoj.12077| title = Integrative delineation of species of Mediterranean freshwater planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesiidae)| date = 2013| last1 = Sluys| first1 = Ronald| last2 = Solà| first2 = Eduard| last3 = Gritzalis| first3 = Konstantinos| last4 = Vila-Farré| first4 = Miquel| last5 = Mateos| first5 = Eduardo| last6 = Riutort| first6 = Marta| journal = Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society| volume = 169| issue = 3| pages = 523–547}}</ref> *''[[Dugesia elegans]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1984}} *''[[Dugesia etrusca]]'' {{small|Benazzi, 1944}} *''[[Dugesia fissipara]]'' {{small|(Kennel, 1888)}} *''[[Dugesia foeni]]'' {{small|Ball, 1977}} *''[[Dugesia fontinalis]]'' {{small|(Nurse, 1950)}} *''[[Dugesia gemmulata]]'' {{small|Sun & Wang, 2022}}<ref name="Liu2022">{{cite journal | last1 = Liu | first1 = Yi | last2 = Song | first2 = Xiao-Yu | last3 = Sun | first3 = Zhong-Yin | last4 = Li | first4 = Wei-Xuan | last5 = Sluys | first5 = Ronald | last6 = Li | first6 = Shuang-Fei | last7 = Wang | first7 = An-Tai | title = Addition to the known diversity of Chinese freshwater planarians: integrative description of a new species of Dugesia Girard, 1850 (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) | journal = Zoosystematics and Evolution | date = 29 June 2022 | volume = 98 | issue = 2 | pages = 233–243 | issn = 1435-1935 | eissn = 1860-0743 | doi = 10.3897/zse.98.83184 | pmid = | url = | doi-access = free }}</ref> *''[[Dugesia golanica]]'' {{small|Bromley & Benazzi, 1991}} *''[[Dugesia gonocephala]]'' {{small|(Duges, 1830)}} *''[[Dugesia gonocephaloides]]'' {{small|Girard, 1850}} *''[[Dugesia hepta]]'' {{small|Pala, Casu & Vacca, 1981}} *''[[Dugesia hoernesi]]'' {{small|(Weiss, 1909)}} *''[[Dugesia hoidi]]'' {{small|Dols-Serrate, Stocchino & Riutort, 2024}}<ref name=DolsSerrate2024>{{cite journal | doi = 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad135| title = Fantastic beasts and how to delimit them: An integrative approach using multispecies coalescent methods reveals two new, endemic ''Dugesia'' species (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida) from Corsica and Sardinia| date = 2024| last1 = Dols-Serrate| first1 = Daniel| last2 = Stocchino| first2 = Giacinta Angela| last3 = Sluys| first3 = Ronald| last4 = Riutort| first4 = Marta| journal = Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society| volume = 201| issue = 3| article-number = zlad135}}</ref> *''[[Dugesia hymanae]]'' {{small|(Sivickis, 1928)}} *''[[Dugesia iheringii]]'' {{small|(Bohmig, 1887)}} *''[[Dugesia ilvana]]'' {{small|Lepori, 1948}} *''[[Dugesia improvisa]]'' {{small|Sluys & Solà, 2013}}<ref name="Sluys2013" /> *''[[Dugesia indica]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1969}} *''[[Dugesia indonesiana]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1973}} *''[[Dugesia insolita]]'' {{small|Stocchino & Sluys, 2024}}<ref name=Stocchino2024 /> *''[[Dugesia iranica]]'' {{small|Livanov, 1951}} *''[[Dugesia izuensis]]'' {{small|Kato, 1943}} *''[[Dugesia japonica]]'' {{small|Ichikawa & Kawakatsu, 1964}} *''[[Dugesia krishnaswamyi]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1975}} *''[[Dugesia lamottei]]'' {{small|de Beauchamp, 1952}} *''[[Dugesia lanzai]]'' {{small|Banchetti & del Papa, 1972}} *''[[Dugesia lata]]'' {{small|(Sivickis, 1923)}} *''[[Dugesia laurentiana]]'' {{small|(Borelli, 1897)}} *''[[Dugesia leclerci]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu & Mitchel, 1995}} *''[[Dugesia leporii]]'' {{small|Pala, Stocchino, Corso & Casu, 2000}} *''[[Dugesia libanica]]'' {{small|Bromley & Benazzi, 1991}} *''[[Dugesia liguriensis]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia lindbergi]]'' {{small|de Beauchamp, 1959}} *''[[Dugesia machadoi]]'' {{small|de Beauchamp, 1952}} *''[[Dugesia maculata]]'' {{small|(Leidy, 1847)}} *''[[Dugesia maghrebiana]]'' {{small|Stocchino, Manconi, Corso, Sluys, Casu & Pala, 2009}} *''[[Dugesia majuscula]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2021}} *''[[Dugesia malickyi]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1984}} *''[[Dugesia mariae]]'' {{small|Stocchino, Dols-Serrate & Riutort, 2024}}<ref name=DolsSerrate2024 /> *''[[Dugesia mertoni]]'' {{small|(Steinmann, 1914)}} *''[[Dugesia michaelsoni]]'' {{small|(Bohmig, 1902)}} *''[[Dugesia microbursalis]]'' {{small|(Hyman, 1931)}} *''[[Dugesia milloti]]'' {{small|Beauchamp, 1952}} *''[[Dugesia minotauros]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1984}} *''[[Dugesia mirabilis]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia modesta]]'' {{small|Girard, 1893}} *''[[Dugesia monomyoda]]'' {{small|Marcus, 1953}} *''[[Dugesia montana]]'' {{small|Nurse, 1950}} *''[[Dugesia musculosa]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2024}}<ref name="Chen2024">{{cite journal | last1 = Wang | first1 = L. | last2 = Zhu | first2 = S.-Q. | last3 = Ma | first3 = F.-H. | last4 = Li | first4 = X.-J. | last5 = Zhao | first5 = Y.-H. | last6 = Sun | first6 = X.-X. | last7 = Li | first7 = N. | last8 = Sluys | first8 = R. | last9 = Liu | first9 = D.-Z. | last10 = Dong | first10 = Z.-M. | last11 = Chen | first11 = G.-W. | journal = Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research | title = Two New Species of Freshwater Planarian (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae, Dugesia) from Southern China Exhibit Unusual Karyotypes, with a Discussion on Reproduction in Aneuploid Species | volume = 2024 | article-number = e8299436 | date = 22 February 2024 | issn = 0947-5745 | doi = 10.1155/2024/8299436 | doi-access = free }} </ref> *''[[Dugesia myopa]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia naiadis]]'' {{small|Sluys, 2013}}<ref name="Sluys2013" /> *''[[Dugesia nannophallus]]'' {{small|Ball, 1970}} *''[[Dugesia nansheae]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia neumanni]]'' {{small|(Neppi, 1904)}} *''[[Dugesia nonatoi]]'' {{small|Marcus, 1946}} *''[[Dugesia notogaea]]'' {{small|Sluys & Kawakatsu, 1998}} *''[[Dugesia novaguineana]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1976}} *''[[Dugesia parasagitta]]'' {{small|Sluys & Solà, 2013}}<ref name="Sluys2013" /> *''[[Dugesia patula]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2025}}<ref name="Wu2025">{{cite journal | last1 = Wu| first1 = Fan| last2 = Wang| first2 = Lei| last3 = Sluys| first3 = Ronald| last4 = Sun| first4 = Xin-Xin| last5 = Liu| first5 = De-Zeng| last6 = Dong| first6 = Zi-Mei| last7 = Chen| first7 = Guang-Wen| title = An integrative analysis and account of two new species of Dugesia (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from the Hengduan Mountains, southwest China, with reflections on the historical biogeography of Eastern Palearctic/Oriental lineages| journal = Zoosystematics and Evolution| date = 2025| volume = 101| issue = 4| pages = 1513–1529| doi = 10.3897/zse.101.156742| doi-access = free}}</ref> *''[[Dugesia pendula]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2024}}<ref name="Chen2024" /> *''[[Dugesia polyorchis]]'' {{small|(Fuhrmann, 1912)}} *''[[Dugesia postica]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2025}}<ref name="Wu2025" /> *''[[Dugesia precaucasica]]'' {{small|Porfirieva, 1958}} *''[[Dugesia pustulata]]'' {{small|Harrath & Sluys, 2019}} *''[[Dugesia rincona]]'' {{small|Marcus, 1954}} *''[[Dugesia ryukyuensis]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1976}} *''[[Dugesia saccaria]]'' {{small|A-T. Wang & Sluys, 2024}}<ref name="Zeng2024">{{cite journal | last1 = Zeng | first1 = Z.-Y. | last2 = Wang | first2 = J. | last3 = Sluys | first3 = R. | last4 = Guo | first4 = Z.-P. | last5 = Sun | first5 = T. | last6 = Huang | first6 = X.-Z. | last7 = Li | first7 = S.-F. | last8 = Wang | first8 = A.-T. | journal=Zootaxa | title=Integrative description of a new species of ''Dugesia'' (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae) from Shennongjia, Central China | volume = 5406 | issue = 4 | pages = 535–550 | date = 8 February 2024 | issn = 1175-5334 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.5406.4.3| pmid = 38480130 }} </ref> *''[[Dugesia sacatta]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2025}}<ref name="Wang2025" /> *''[[Dugesia sagitta]]'' {{small|(Schmidt, 1861)}} *''[[Dugesia schauinslandi]]'' {{small|(Neppi, 1904)}} *''[[Dugesia seclusa]]'' {{small|(de Beauchamp, 1940)}} *''[[Dugesia semiglobosa]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2021}} *''[[Dugesia siamana]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1980}} *''[[Dugesia sicula]]'' {{small|Lepori, 1948}} *''[[Dugesia similis]]'' {{small|(Bohmig, 1902)}} *''[[Dugesia sinensis]]'' {{small|Chen & Wang, 2015}} *''[[Dugesia subtentaculata]]'' {{small|(Draparnaud, 1801)}} *''[[Dugesia superioris]]'' {{small|Stocchino & Sluys, 2013}} *''[[Dugesia tamilensis]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu, 1980}} *''[[Dugesia tanganyikae]]'' {{small|(Laidlaw, 1906)}} *''[[Dugesia taurocaucasica]]'' {{small|(Livanov, 1951)}} *''[[Dugesia transcaucasica]]'' {{small|(Livanov, 1951)}} *''[[Dugesia tubqalis]]'' {{small|Harrath & Sluys, 2012}} *''[[Dugesia tumida]]'' {{small|Chen & Sluys, 2022}}<ref name="Chen2022" /> *''[[Dugesia uenorum]]'' {{small|Kawakatsu & Mitchel, 1995}} *''[[Dugesia umbonata]]'' {{small|Song & Wang, 2020}} *''[[Dugesia venusta]]'' {{small|(Bohmig, 1897)}} *''[[Dugesia verrucula]]'' {{small|Chen & Dong, 2021)}}<ref name="WangChen2021" /> *''[[Dugesia vestibularis]]'' {{small|De Vries, 1988}} *''[[Dugesia wytegrensis]]'' {{small|(Sabussow, 1907)}} *''[[Dugesia xeropotamica]]'' {{small|Stocchino, Dols-Serrate & Riutort, 2024}}<ref name="Dols-Serrate2024">{{cite journal | doi = 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae080| title = New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: ''Dugesia'' )| date = 2024| last1 = Dols-Serrate| first1 = Daniel| last2 = Stocchino| first2 = Giacinta Angela| last3 = Nuin-Villabona| first3 = Paula| last4 = Sluys| first4 = Ronald| last5 = Riutort| first5 = Marta| journal = Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society| volume = 201| issue = 4| article-number = zlae080}}</ref> {{div col end}}
==References== {{Reflist|2}}
==External links== {{Wikispecies}} * {{cite encyclopedia |url= http://www.eol.org/pages/51564 |title=Dugesia |encyclopedia= Encyclopedia of Life |access-date=2011-04-23 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Castilla |first1=Juan C |title=Dos especies nuevas dedicadas al Dr. Patricio Sánchez R |trans-title=Two new species dedicated to Dr. Patricio Sánchez R |language=es |journal=Revista chilena de historia natural |date=December 2000 |volume=73 |issue=4 |doi=10.4067/S0716-078X2000000400009 |doi-access=free }}
{{Dugesiidae}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q310745}}
[[Category:Dugesia| ]] [[Category:Rhabditophora genera]]