{{Short description|Priory in Dudley, West Midlands, England}} {{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}} {{Infobox monastery | name = Dudley Priory | image = Dudley Priory.JPG | caption = The ruins of Dudley Priory | full = Priory of Saint James | order = [[Cluniac]] | established = 1160 | disestablished = c. 1530 | mother = | dedication = [[James, son of Zebedee|St. James]] | diocese = | churches = [[Cofton Hackett|St. Michael, Cofton Hackett]]<br/> [[Church of St. Edmund, Dudley|St. Edmund, Dudley]]<br/> [[Church of St. Thomas, Dudley|St. Thomas, Dudley]]<br/> [[St Laurence's Church, Northfield|St. Laurence, Northfield]]<br/> [[Sedgley#All Saints' Church|All Saints', Sedgley]] | founder = [[Gervase Paganell|Gervase de Paganel]], Lord of Dudley | people = [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]] | location = [[Dudley]], [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]], [[England]] | map_type = West Midlands | coordinates = {{coord|52.5155|-2.0851|region:GB_scale:2000|display=inline,title}} | oscoor = {{gbmappingsmall|SO943908}} | remains = | public_access = Yes | heritage_designation = [[Scheduled monument]],<ref name=AncientMonuments>{{NHLE|num=1020422|desc=St James's Priory|accessdate=29 June 2017}}</ref> [[Listed Building|Grade I listed]]<ref name=IoE /> }}
'''Dudley Priory''' is a dissolved [[priory]] in [[Dudley]], [[West Midlands (county)|West Midlands]] (formerly [[Worcestershire]]), [[England]]. The ruins of the priory are located within [[Priory Park, Dudley|Priory Park]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://friendsofpriorypark.org/ |title=Friends of Priory Park website |accessdate=2015-09-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109190336/http://friendsofpriorypark.org/ |archive-date=9 January 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref> alongside the [[Priory Estate]], and is both a [[scheduled monument]]<ref name=AncientMonuments /> and [[listed building|Grade I listed]]. The ruins received this status on 14 September 1949.<ref name=IoE />
==History== The priory was founded in 1160 by [[Gervase Paganell|Gervase Paganel]],<ref name=UKattraction>{{cite web |url=http://www.ukattraction.com/heart-of-england/dudley-priory.htm |title=Dudley Priory |publisher=UK Attraction |accessdate=2008-02-12}}</ref> in memory of his father. It was established as a dependency of the Cluniac Priory of [[Much Wenlock]]<ref name=IoE>{{NHLE |num=1343217 |accessdate=12 February 2008}}</ref> and was dedicated to [[James, son of Zebedee|Saint James]].<ref name=UKattraction /> The priory was built from local [[limestone]], quarried from [[Wren's Nest]]. The first known prior, mentioned in Gervase Paganell's charter, was named Osbert.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/worcs/vol2/pp158-162#fnn3|title=Houses of Cluniac monks: Priory of St James of Dudley|last=|first=|date=|website=www.british-history.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=2017-03-24}}</ref> A bull was issued by [[Pope Lucius III]] and the possessions included the [[Church of St. Edmund, Dudley|Church of St. Edmund]], [[St Thomas Church, Dudley|Church of St. Thomas]] and the churches of [[Sedgley]] and [[Northfield, Birmingham|Northfield]] with the chapel of [[Cofton Hackett]]. In obedience to a papal mandate in 1238, the bishop of [[Worcester, England|Worcester]] and the bishop of [[Coventry]] and [[Lichfield]] came to an agreement as to the bounds of their respective dioceses whereby it was decreed that the town of Dudley, with its churches and appurtenances, should belong to Worcester, while the [[Dudley Castle|castle]] and priory should remain under the jurisdiction of the bishop of Coventry and Lichfield.<ref name=bho>{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=36477 |title=Houses of Cluniac monks - Priory of St James of Dudley |author=[[J. W. Willis-Bund]], William Page |publisher=British History Online |accessdate=2008-02-12}}</ref> The priory was dissolved in 1395, but refunded as a denizen priory soon after.<ref>{{PastScape|mnumber=118937 |mname=Dudley Priory |accessdate=2008-02-12}}</ref>
The priory was enlarged after being founded. A surviving piece of one of these enlargements is an archway to the [[Lady chapel]] area of the Priory, built in the 14th century, dedicated to the [[Mary (mother of Jesus)|Virgin Mary]]. It is believed that the Lady chapel was constructed by the Sutton family.<ref name=BBC>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/blackcountry/uncovered/walk_through_time/07.shtml |title=Black Country Walk Through Time |publisher=BBC Black Country |accessdate=2008-02-12}}</ref>
The priory was closed by [[Henry VIII of England|King Henry VIII]] in the 1530s as part of the nationwide [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]]. Following the dissolution, the priory was granted to Sir [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]] in 1540. Following his execution, the buildings fell into disrepair and became ruinous.<ref name=UKattraction /> In the 18th century, part of the ruins of the church had been used by a tanner, a thread manufacturer, and for grinding glass and polishing steel. The surrounding area became industrialised. The nearby pools were drained and in 1825, [[Priory Hall, Dudley|Priory Hall]] was constructed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.halffg.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/fopp/priory.html |title=The Priory |publisher=Friends of Priory Park |accessdate=2008-02-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120905125808/http://www.halffg.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/fopp/priory.html |archive-date=2012-09-05 }}</ref>
In 1926, [[County Borough of Dudley|Dudley County Borough]] council purchased Dudley Priory and the surrounding rural land (approximately a third of which existed within the [[Sedgley Urban District]], prompting a change in boundaries) as part of plans to develop a new residential area. Dudley Priory was incorporated into the new Priory Park, to serve the new [[Priory Estate]] that was developed to rehouse people from town centre slums.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dudleymall.co.uk/loclhist/olddudley/olddud5.htm |title=The Priory Ruins |publisher=Dudley Mall |accessdate=2008-02-12 |archive-date=13 December 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071213082909/http://www.dudleymall.co.uk/loclhist/olddudley/olddud5.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
In 1939, archaeologist Rayleigh Radford put stone lines in the grass to mark out the walls of rooms and cloisters in the priory. Rayleigh Radford also excavated medieval tiles which are now exposed at the surface.<ref name=BBC />
===The Cluniac Prayer=== <blockquote>"O God, by whose grace thy servants, the Holy [[Abbots of Cluny]], enkindled with the fire of thy love, became burning and shining lights in thy Church: Grant that we also may be aflame with the spirit of love and discipline, and may ever walk before thee as children of light; through Jesus Christ our Lord, who with thee, in the unity of the Holy Spirit, liveth and reigneth, one God, now and for ever."</blockquote>
[[File:Dudley Priory Church.jpg|thumb|left|West front of church, with nave beyond.]]
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Monasteries in the West Midlands |state=expanded}} {{Authority control}}
[[Category:Buildings and structures in Dudley]] [[Category:1160 establishments in England]] [[Category:Monasteries dissolved under the English Reformation]] [[Category:Ruins in the West Midlands (county)]] [[Category:Grade I listed buildings in the West Midlands (county)]] [[Category:Grade I listed monasteries]] [[Category:Monasteries in the West Midlands (county)]] [[Category:Christian monasteries established in the 1160s]] [[Category:Cluniac monasteries in England]] [[Category:Scheduled monuments in the West Midlands (county)]] [[Category:1530s disestablishments in England]] [[Category:History of Dudley]] [[Category:John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]]