{{short description|River in Bulgaria}} {{Infobox river | name = Dryanovska reka | image = Dryanovska river, Bulgaria.jpg | image_size = | image_caption = | source1_location = SW of Kamenarkata, Balkan Mountains | source1_coordinates = {{coord|42|46|5.16|N|25|31|49.08|E|region:BG_type:river}} | mouth_location = Belitsa | mouth_coordinates = {{coord|43|2|53.88|N|25|36|32.04|E|region:BG_type:river}} | progression = Belitsa→ Yantra→ Danube→ Black Sea | subdivision_type1 = Country | subdivision_name1 = Bulgaria | length = {{convert|59|km|abbr=on}} | source1_elevation = {{convert|980|m|abbr=on}} | mouth_elevation = {{convert|144|m|abbr=on}} | discharge1_avg = | basin_size = {{convert|554|km2|abbr=on}} | tributaries_left = | tributaries_right = }}
The '''Dryanovo''' or '''Dryanovska reka''' ({{langx|bg|Дряновска река}}) is a 59 km-long river in northern Bulgaria, a left tributary of the Belitsa, itself a right tributary of the river Yantra of the Danube basin. It is the largest tributary of the Belitsa.<ref name="Encyclopaedia Bulgaria 449">{{harvnb|Encyclopaedia Bulgaria, Volume II|1981|pp=449–450}}</ref><ref name="Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 186">{{harvnb|Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria|1980|p=186}}</ref>
== Geography == [[File:Река - Дряновски манастир.jpg|thumb|left|The river at Dryanovo Monastery]] The Dryanovska reka takes its source under the name Plachkovska reka at an altitude of 980 m on the southwestern foothills of the summit of Kamenakata (1,072 m) in the Dryanovska Planina division of the Balkan Mountains, within the boundaries of the Bulgarka Nature Park. It flows north–northwest in a deep forested valley until the town of Plachkovtsi, where it receives two small tributaries. Its valley widens between Plachkovtsi in the town of Tryavna, and then narrows again with steep forested slopes.<ref name="Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 186"/>
The valley widens between the villages of Durcha and Tsareva Livada, and then enters a deep gorge in the eastern part of the Strazhata Plateau, where the Dryanovo Monastery is situated. After exiting the gorge the river turns northeast. Downstream of the town of Dryanovo its valley widens again and the Dryanovska reka flows into the Belitsa at an altitude of 144 m west of the town of Debelets.<ref name="Encyclopaedia Bulgaria 449"/><ref name="Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 186"/>
Its drainage basin covers a territory of 336 km<sup>2</sup> or 45.4% of the Belitsa's total.<ref name="Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 186"/>
The Dryanovska has rain–snow feed with high water in March–June and low water in July–October. The average annual discharge at the village of Tsareva Livada is 2.06 m<sup>3</sup>/s.<ref name="Encyclopaedia Bulgaria 449"/><ref name="Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 186"/>
== Settlements and transportation == thumb|left|The river at Tryavna The river flows in Gabrovo and Veliko Tarnovo Provinces. There are four towns and eight villages along its course: Radevtsi, Plachkovtsi (town), Azmanite, Tryavna (town) and Staynovtsi in Tryavna Municipality, Durcha, Tsavera Livada, Dryanovo (town), Ganchovets, Salasuka and Sokolovo in Dryanovo Municipality, all of them in Gabrovo Province, as well as the town of Debelets in Veliko Tarnovo Municipality of Veliko Tarnovo Province. Its waters are utilized for irrigation.<ref name="Encyclopaedia Bulgaria 449"/><ref name="Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria 186"/>
In the picturesque gorge between Tsareva Livada and Dryanovo is located the Dryanovo Monastery of St. Archangel Michael, founded in the 12th century during the Second Bulgarian Empire, which was one the centers of preparation of the April Uprising of 1876. On the vertical limestone slopes of the gorge is the entrance of the Bacho Kiro cave, known for its numerous speleological formations, as well as for containing some of the earliest human remains in Bulgaria. The towns of Dryanovo and Tryavna have well-preserved Bulgarian National Revival architecture. All these landmarks are included in the 100 Tourist Sites of Bulgaria.<ref>{{cite web|url= https://bulgariatravel.org/dryanovo-monastery-st-archangel-michael/ |title= Dryanovo Monastery "St. Archangel Michael" |website=Official Tourist Portal of Bulgaria|access-date=20 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://bulgariatravel.org/bacho-kiro-cave/ |title= Bacho Kiro Cave |website=Official Tourist Portal of Bulgaria|access-date=20 April 2025}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://bulgariatravel.org/tryavna/ |title= Tryavna |website=Official Tourist Portal of Bulgaria|access-date=20 April 2025}}</ref>
There are two roads along its course: an 18.4 km stretch of the first class I-5 road Ruse–Stara Zagora–Makaza follows the river between Debelets and Dryanovo and a 20.8 km section of the third class III-609 road Dabovo–Tryavna–Dryanovo follows its valley between Radevtsi and Tsareva Livada. Through most of its valley runs a section of railway line No. 4 Ruse–Stara Zagora–Podkova of the Bulgarian State Railways.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.api.bg/bg/1607347252.html |title=A Map of the Republican Road Network of Bulgaria|website=Official Site of the Road Infrastructure Agency|access-date=20 April 2025}}</ref>
== Gallery == <gallery mode="packed"> File:20140622 Dryanovo Monastery 24.jpg | The river in the gorge near Dryanovo Monastery File:Bacho Kiro Priroda.jpg | The river gorge near Bacho Kiro Cave File:GarbaviyatBridge-Tryavna027.jpg | A stone bridge over the river in Tryavna File:Dryanovo bridge, Bulgaria 2021 01.jpg | A stone bridge over the river in Dryanovo </gallery>
==Citations== {{Reflist|2}}
== References == {{commons category|Dryanovska River}} * {{cite book | ref={{harvid|Encyclopaedia Bulgaria, Volume II|1981}} | title = Енциклопедия България. Том II. Г-З | trans-title = Encyclopaedia Bulgaria. Volume II. G-Z | last = Георгиев (Georgiev) | first = Владимир (Vladimir) | others = и колектив | year = 1981 | language = bg | publisher = Издателство на БАН (Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Press) | location = София (Sofia) }} * {{cite book | ref={{harvid|Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria|1980}} | title = Географски речник на България | trans-title = Geographic Dictionary of Bulgaria | last1 = Мичев (Michev) | first1 = Николай (Nikolay) | last2 = Михайлов (Mihaylov) | first2 = Цветко (Tsvetko) | last3 = Вапцаров (Vaptsarov) | first3 = Иван (Ivan) | last4 = Кираджиев (Kiradzhiev) | first4 = Светлин (Svetlin) | chapter = | year = 1980 | language = Bulgarian | publisher = Наука и култура (Nauka i kultura) | location = София (Sofia) | isbn = }}
Category:Rivers of Bulgaria Category:Rivers of Veliko Tarnovo Province Category:Rivers of Gabrovo Province