{{short description|British pathologist}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}} {{Infobox person | name = Dorothy Stuart Russell | image = Dorothy Stuart Russell.jpg | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{birth_date|1895|6|29|df=y}} | birth_place = Sydney, Australia | death_date = {{death date and age|1983|10|19|1895|6|29|df=y}} | death_place = Dorking, England | death_cause = | other_names = | known_for = | education = | alma_mater = {{plainlist| * Girton College, Cambridge * London Hospital Medical College }} | employer = | occupation = | title = | height = | term = | predecessor = | successor = | party = | boards = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Dorothy Stuart Russell''' (29 June 1895 – 19 October 1983) was an Australian born, British pathologist. She was a director of the Bernhard Baron Institute of Pathology.
==Life== Dorothy Stuart Russell was born in Sydney, Australia in 1895, the second daughter of Phillip Russell and his wife Alice Cave. After the death of her father in 1898, and then her mother in 1904,<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Geddes|first=Jennian F|date=August 1997|title=A portrait of 'The Lady': a life of Dorothy Russell|journal=Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine|volume=90|issue=8|pages=455–461|pmc=1296464|pmid=9307003|doi=10.1177/014107689709000812}}</ref> she and her sister were sent to be cared for by their father's sister at Fowlmere in England.<ref name=lhmc>[http://www.women.qmul.ac.uk/virtual/women/atoz/russell.htm Professor Dorothy Russell, LHMC alumna, Pathology Institute Director], Retrieved 7 September 2015</ref> She went to the Perse High School for Girls before going to the University of Cambridge, gaining a first class B.A. degree at Girton College in 1918.
== Medical studies == In 1918, Russell went on to study at the London Hospital Medical College (LHMC) where she discovered a mentor in Hubert Turnbull. Turnbull was the Professor of morbid anatomy and she was funded to work with him for some years. After qualifying in 1922, she pursued pathology studies. In 1928, Russell won a Rockefeller Scholarship and worked with Frank Mallory in Boston, and Wilder Penfield at the Montreal Neurological Institute. This year enabled her to move into a study of neuropathology. She graduated with her M.D. and the University Gold Medal in 1929.
Russell published ''A Classification of Bright's Disease'' in 1930,<ref name="odnb">J. T. Hughes, ‘Russell, Dorothy Stuart (1895–1983)’, rev. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/31635, accessed 8 Sept 2015]</ref> and she further expanded on this in her D.Sc. in 1943. From 1929, Russell worked closely with Hugh Cairns until around 1944, at the Medical Research Council.<ref name=":0" /> During the war she worked at Oxford University at the Military Hospital for Brain Injuries.<ref name=":0" />
In 1944 she returned to the London Hospital Medical College where she took over many of the duties of Turnbull.<ref name="Haines2001" /> She was made Professor of Morbid Pathology, the first woman to be appointed in this position, succeeding her mentor Professor Turnbull in 1946.<ref name="lhmc" /> She published her work, ''Observations on the Pathology of Hydrocephalus'' in 1949. Russell published her work with Lucien Rubinstein, ''The pathology of tumours of the nervous system'', in 1959. She retired in 1960. She was appointed Emeritus Professor in 1960.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dorothy Stuart Russell {{!}} RCP Museum |url=https://history.rcplondon.ac.uk/inspiring-physicians/dorothy-stuart-russell |access-date=2024-06-26 |website=history.rcplondon.ac.uk}}</ref>
== Memberships == Russell was a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine. She was also a Fellow of the Royal Microscopical Society and Royal College of Physicians.
She won the Oliver Sharpey Prize of the Royal College of Physicians in 1968.
Russell died in Dorking in 1983.<ref name="Haines2001">{{cite book|author=Catharine M. C. Haines|title=International Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary to 1950|url=https://archive.org/details/internationalwom00hain|url-access=registration|date=1 January 2001|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-57607-090-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/internationalwom00hain/page/271 271]}}</ref>
==References== {{Reflist}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Russell, Dorothy Stuart}} Category:1895 births Category:1983 deaths Category:20th-century British medical doctors Category:20th-century British women medical doctors Category:Medical doctors from Sydney Category:British pathologists Category:People from Fowlmere Category:People from Dorking Category:Alumni of Girton College, Cambridge Category:Alumni of the London Hospital Medical College Category:Australian emigrants to the United Kingdom