Don Sundquist

{{Short description|American politician (1936–2023)}} {{Distinguish|Dan Sundquist}} {{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}} {{Infobox officeholder | name = Don Sundquist | image = Donald Sundquist Tennessee Governor official portrait Cropped.jpg | order = 47th | office = Governor of Tennessee | lieutenant = John Wilder | term_start = January 21, 1995 | term_end = January 18, 2003 | predecessor = Ned McWherter | successor = Phil Bredesen | state2 = Tennessee | district2 = {{ushr|TN|7|7th}} | term_start2 = January 3, 1983 | term_end2 = January 3, 1995 | predecessor2 = Robin Beard (Redistricting) | successor2 = Ed Bryant | birth_name = Donald Kenneth Sundquist | birth_date = {{birth date|1936|3|15}} | birth_place = Moline, Illinois, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|2023|8|27|1936|3|15}} | death_place = Memphis, Tennessee, U.S. | spouse = {{marriage|Martha Swanson|1959}} | children = 3 | party = Republican | education = Augustana College (BA) | allegiance = <!-- United States --> | branch = United States Navy | service_years = 1957–1963 | battles = Vietnam War }}

'''Donald Kenneth Sundquist''' (March 15, 1936 – August 27, 2023) was an American businessman and politician who served as the 47th governor of Tennessee from 1995 to 2003. Prior to his governorship, he represented Tennessee's 7th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 1995. He was a member of the Republican Party.<ref name=vines>Georgiana Vines, "[http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2010/jan/03/sundquist-wants-more-civil-and-bipartisan/ Sundquist Wants More 'Civil' and 'Bipartisan' Politics]," ''Knoxville News Sentinel'', January 3, 2010; retrieved January 9, 2013.</ref>

==Early life== Sundquist was born on March 15, 1936<ref name="UT collection"/> in Moline, Illinois, the son of Kenneth and Louise (Rohren) Sundquist. His father was of Swedish descent, while his mother was of German descent.<ref name=langsdon>Phillip Langsdon, ''Tennessee: A Political History'' (Franklin, Tenn.: Hillsboro Press, 2000), pp. 408–412.</ref>

After graduating from Moline High School in 1953,<ref name=Bio>{{cite web|title=Biographical Directory|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S001075|work=United States Congress}}</ref> he attended Augustana College in Rock Island, Illinois, obtaining his B.A. in Business Administration in 1957.<ref name=langsdon /> He was a member of the Rho Nu Delta fraternity at Augustana. He served in the United States Navy from 1957 to 1963, including two years on active duty.<ref name=tsla>[http://www.tn.gov/tsla/history/govpapers/findingaids/gp55_with_addn.pdf Governor Don Sundquist Papers (finding aid)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121011162141/http://www.tn.gov/tsla/history/govpapers/findingaids/gp55_with_addn.pdf |date=October 11, 2012 }}, Tennessee State Library and Archives, 2007. Retrieved: January 9, 2013.</ref>

Sundquist joined Jostens in 1961, and initially worked at the company's plants in Princeton, Illinois, and Owatonna, Minnesota.<ref name=langsdon /> In 1962, he was transferred to the company plant in Shelbyville, Tennessee, where he became plant manager.<ref name=tehc /> He left Jostens in 1972 and moved to Memphis, where he established an advertising and printing firm, Graphic Sales of America.<ref name=tehc />

After moving to Tennessee, Sundquist became active in Republican Party politics. He served as an organizer of the Barry Goldwater 1964 presidential campaign.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://memphismagazine.com/features/king-of-the-hilldon-sundquist-at-a-distance/ |title=King of the Hill |last=Baker |first=Jackson |date=October 1, 2011 |website=Memphis Magazine |language=en-us |access-date=November 15, 2017}}</ref> He served as Chair of the national Young Republicans from 1971 to 1973, and chair of the Shelby County Republican Party from 1975 to 1977.<ref name=tsla /> He was a delegate to the 1976 Republican National Convention and the 1980 Republican National Convention, and managed the presidential campaign of Howard Baker during the 1980 election cycle.<ref name=tsla />

==U.S. House of Representatives== thumb|upright|left|Congressional portrait In 1982, Sundquist sought the seat of Congressman Robin Beard, who was retiring to run against Jim Sasser for the U.S. Senate. Beard's district, the 6th, had been renumbered as the 7th following redistricting.<ref name=tsla /> In the general election, Sundquist edged Bob Clement, son of former Governor Frank G. Clement, by just over 1,000 votes out of over 145,000 votes cast.<ref>[http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=6628 Our Campaigns – TN District 7, 1982]. Retrieved: January 9, 2013.</ref> He would never face another contest nearly that close; he was unopposed for reelection in 1984 and was reelected three more times after that with almost no difficulty.<ref name=tsla />

While in Congress, Sundquist established a conservative voting record, and was popular with conservative-oriented groups such as the National Federation of Independent Business and the American Conservative Union.<ref name=tsla /> He was a member of the House Ways and Means Committee, serving on the Subcommittee on Trade and the Subcommittee on Select Revenue Measures.<ref name=tsla /> He was also a member of the Republican Task Force on Trade, and the Republican Task Force on Ethics Reform.<ref name=tehc />

==Governor of Tennessee== ===First term=== [[File:George W. Bush talks to soldiers from the 86th Combat Support Hospital (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|200px|Sundquist with President George W. Bush visiting a combat support hospital in November 2001]] In 1994, Sundquist ran for governor of Tennessee in the race to replace the Democratic incumbent, Ned McWherter, who was term-limited. He easily won the nomination, winning over 80% of the vote in the primary, and faced the Democratic nominee, Nashville mayor Phil Bredesen, in the general election.<ref>[http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=338048 Our Campaigns – TN Governor, Republican primary, 1994]. Retrieved: January 9, 2013.</ref> Bredesen criticized Sundquist for voting against a minimum wage increase while voting for a congressional pay raise. Sundquist accused Bredesen of flip-flopping on issues such as public funding for abortion and school privatization.<ref name=langsdon /> On election day, Sundquist won, 807,104 votes to 664,252.<ref name=tehc />

During his first term, Sundquist focused on government efficiency and welfare reform.<ref name=tehc /> He signed the "Families First" bill in 1996, which reduced the number of families on welfare from 70,000 to 30,000.<ref name=nga>[http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_tennessee/col2-content/main-content-list/title_sundquist_don.html Don Sundquist], National Governors Association website. Retrieved: January 9, 2013. {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130612194923/https://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_tennessee/col2-content/main-content-list/title_sundquist_don.html|date=June 12, 2013}}</ref> He also signed a series of crime-related measures which called for tougher sentences and more focus on victims' rights.<ref name=tehc /> In 1996, Sundquist eliminated the state's scandal-ridden Public Service Commission, replacing it with the Tennessee Regulatory Authority.<ref name=tsla /> That same year, he created the Department of Children's Services.<ref name=tehc />

===Second term=== thumb|right|200px|Sundquist in November 2002 In 1998, Sundquist easily won renomination, defeating Memphis realtor Shirley Beck-Vosse, 258,786 votes to 28,951.<ref name=langsdon /> In the general election, he easily defeated his Democratic opponent, John Jay Hooker, 669,973 votes to 287,790.<ref name=langsdon /> Shortly after winning reelection in November 1998, Sundquist implemented the ConnectTen program, which made Tennessee the first state in the nation to connect its schools and libraries to the Internet.<ref name=nga />

During his second term, Sundquist set out to raise more revenue for the state, which had traditionally been one of the lowest-tax jurisdictions in the country. He was concerned that the sales tax, which the state relied upon for much of its revenue, was too unstable, and prevented the state from competing with other Southern states in education and infrastructure.<ref name=tehc /> His tax reform plan therefore included a state income tax, the proposal of which had long been a third rail in Tennessee state politics. Many of his political allies turned against him, and anti-income tax street demonstrations were held in Nashville.<ref name=tsla /> In July 2001, demonstrators vandalized Sundquist's office, and broke windows in the state capitol when the legislature was considering the income tax measure.<ref>"[https://archive.today/20130215204438/http://articles.cnn.com/2001-07-12/politics/tennessee.taxes_1_income-tax-tax-protesters-tax-structure?_s=PM:ALLPOLITICS Tax Protesters Break Windows in Tennessee Capitol]," CNN.com, July 12, 2001. Retrieved: January 9, 2013.</ref>

==Post-governorship== thumb|left|Don Sundquist in 2008

In 2002, toward the end of Sundquist's second term, a Nashville television station, NewsChannel 5, uncovered evidence businesses owned by Sundquist's friends were illegally given no-bid contracts by the state. In December of that year, the FBI raided the offices of Education Networks of America (ENA), founded by Sundquist's friend, Al Ganier, as part of an investigation into whether or not Ganier used his relationship with Sundquist to obtain millions of dollars' worth of state contracts (including the ConnectTenn contract). Ganier eventually pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge of unauthorized use of a computer.<ref>"[http://www.newschannel5.com/story/6853563/sundquist-friend-pleads-guilty-to-misdemeanor Sundquist Friend Pleads Guilty to Misdemeanor] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140517121158/http://www.newschannel5.com/story/6853563/sundquist-friend-pleads-guilty-to-misdemeanor |date=May 17, 2014 }}," NewsChannel5.com, July 24, 2007. Retrieved: January 10, 2013.</ref>

In May 2004, a State of Tennessee Labor Department employee, Joanna Ediger, was convicted of rigging a $2 million state contract for Workforce Strategists, a company owned by another Sundquist friend, John Stamps.<ref>"[https://archive.today/20130216125654/http://www.newschannel5.com/story/5413684/ediger-hit-with-three-year-prison-term Ediger Hit with Three-Year Prison Term]," NewsChannel5.com, February 14, 2005. Retrieved: January 10, 2013.</ref> The following year, Stamps pleaded guilty to four counts of tax evasion and one count of making false statements.<ref>"[https://archive.today/20130216131826/http://www.newschannel5.com/story/5417599/guilty-sundquist-friend-john-stamps-admits-to-federal-charges Guilty! Sundquist Friend John Stamps Admits to Federal Charges]," NewsChannel5.com, May 23, 2005. Retrieved: January 10, 2013.</ref> U.S. District Judge Karl Forester said Sundquist was the "impetus" for the investigations, although he was never implicated in any wrongdoing, nor were any senior members of his administration.<ref>Sheila Burke, "[http://www.citizenreviewonline.org/july2005/10/corruption.htm Judge Says Sundquist was Reason for Federal Probe]," ''Citizen Review'', July 10, 2005. Retrieved: January 9, 2013.</ref>

In July 2005, Sundquist was named head of a national panel on improving Medicaid.<ref>[http://iccfoundation.us/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53&Itemid=67 Congressional Advisory Council] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130623132923/http://iccfoundation.us/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=53&Itemid=67 |date=June 23, 2013 }}, International Conservation Caucus Fountation website. Retrieved: February 13, 2013.</ref><ref name=NYTmed>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/09/politics/medicaid-commission-formed-to-tame-programs-growth.html | date=July 9, 2005 | title=Medicaid commission formed to tame program growth | newspaper=New York Times}}</ref> The panel was appointed by HHS Secretary Michael Leavitt.<ref name=NYTmed/>

Sundquist served as state vice chair of the John McCain 2008 presidential campaign team.<ref>Tom Humphrey, "[http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/oct/22/state-strategies-diverge/?print=1 In Presidential Race, Tennessee Strategies Diverge]," ''Knoxnews.com'', October 22, 2008. Retrieved: February 13, 2013. {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130411053212/http://www.knoxnews.com/news/2008/oct/22/state-strategies-diverge/?print=1 |date=April 11, 2013 }}</ref>

Sundquist's papers are archived at the University of Tennessee Libraries.<ref name="UT collection">{{cite web | url=https://scout.lib.utk.edu/repositories/2/resources/5157 | title=Don Sundquist papers at University of Tennessee|publisher=University of Tennessee|access-date=August 28, 2023}}</ref>

==Personal life and death== Sundquist married Martha Swanson in 1959.<ref name=tehc>Carroll Van West, "[http://tennesseeencyclopedia.net/entry.php?rec=1285 Don Sundquist]," ''Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture'', 2009. Retrieved: January 9, 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Urban |first1=Hannah |last2=Mitchell |first2=Rana |title=Former Tennessee Governor Don Sundquist dead at 87 |url=https://www.newschannel5.com/news/former-tennessee-governor-don-sundquist-dead-at-87 |access-date=August 27, 2023 |work=WTVF |date=August 27, 2023}}</ref> They had three children.<ref>{{cite news |title=DON SUNDQUIST, 47TH GOVERNOR OF TENNESSEE, PASSES AWAY |url=https://www.tn.gov/governor/news/2023/8/27/don-sundquist--47th-governor-of-tennessee--passes-away-.html#:~:text=He%20is%20survived%20by%20former,(Markos)%2C%20and%20Alex. |access-date=August 27, 2023 |work=Office of the Governor of Tennessee |date=August 27, 2023}}</ref>

Don Sundquist died in Memphis on August 27, 2023, at the age of 87, following surgery and a short illness.<ref>{{cite news |title=Former 2-term Republican Tennessee Gov. Don Sundquist dies at 87 |url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/former-2-term-republican-tennessee-gov-don-sundquist-102603359 |access-date=August 27, 2023 |work=ABC News |agency=Associated Press |date=August 27, 2023}}</ref><ref name=obit>{{cite news |last1=Jones |first1=Vivian |title=Former Tennessee Gov. Don Sundquist, who led state during income tax fight, dies at 87 |url=https://www.tennessean.com/story/news/politics/2023/08/27/former-tennessee-gov-don-sundquist-dies-at-87/70695015007/ |access-date=August 27, 2023 |work=The Tennessean |publisher=Gannett |date=August 27, 2023}}</ref>

==Honors== * 45px|ribbon bar Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd Class, Gold and Silver Star (2018)<ref name=obit/>

==References== {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{commons category|Donald Sundquist}} * [http://www.nga.org/cms/home/governors/past-governors-bios/page_tennessee/col2-content/main-content-list/title_sundquist_don.html National Governors Association] * {{C-SPAN|3576}}

{{s-start}} {{s-par|us-hs}} {{s-bef|before=Ed Jones}} {{s-ttl|title=Member of the U.S. House of Representatives<br>from Tennessee's 7th congressional district|years=1983–1995}} {{s-aft|after=Ed Bryant}} |- {{s-ppo}} {{s-bef|before=Dwight Henry}} {{s-ttl|title=Republican nominee for Governor of Tennessee|years=1994, 1998 }} {{s-aft|after=Van Hilleary}} |- {{S-off}} {{S-bef|before=Ned McWherter}} {{s-ttl|title=Governor of Tennessee|years=1995–2003}} {{s-aft|after=Phil Bredesen}} {{s-end}} {{Governors of Tennessee}} {{USCongRep-start |congresses=98th–103rd United States Congresses |state=Tennessee}} {{USCongRep/TN/98}} {{USCongRep/TN/99}} {{USCongRep/TN/100}} {{USCongRep/TN/101}} {{USCongRep/TN/102}} {{USCongRep/TN/103}} {{USCongRep-end}} {{United States representatives from Tennessee}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sundquist, Don}} Category:1936 births Category:2023 deaths Category:21st-century Tennessee politicians Category:Lutherans from Tennessee Category:American people of German descent Category:American people of Swedish descent Category:Augustana College (Illinois) alumni Category:Members of the United States Congress who became lobbyists Category:Military personnel from Illinois Category:People from Blount County, Tennessee Category:People from Moline, Illinois Category:Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd class Category:Republican Party governors of Tennessee Category:Republican Party United States representatives from Tennessee Category:United States Navy sailors Category:20th-century United States representatives