Domanivka

{{short description|Rural locality in Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine}} {{Infobox settlement  | name = Domanivka | native_name = Доманівка | native_name_lang = uk | settlement_type = Rural settlement | image_skyline = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_flag = | flag_alt = | image_seal = | seal_alt = | image_shield = | shield_alt = | nickname = | motto = | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_map = Ukraine#Ukraine Mykolaiv Oblast | pushpin_label_position =  | pushpin_label = Domanivka | pushpin_map_caption = Location of Domanivka | coordinates = {{coord|47|37|39|N|30|58|43|E|display=inline,title}} | coor_pinpoint = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{UKR}} | subdivision_type1 = Oblast | subdivision_name1 = Mykolaiv Oblast | subdivision_type2 = Raion | subdivision_name2 = Voznesensk Raion | established_title = | established_date = | founder = | seat_type = | seat = | government_footnotes = | leader_party = | leader_title = | leader_name = | unit_pref = Metric | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = | area_land_km2 = | area_water_km2 = | area_water_percent = | area_note = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = <ref name="ua2022estimate"/> | population_total = 5728 | population_as_of = 2022 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone = EET | utc_offset = +2 | timezone_DST = EEST | utc_offset_DST = +3 | postal_code_type = | postal_code = | area_code_type = | area_code = | iso_code = | website = | footnotes = }} '''Domanivka''' ({{langx|uk|Доманівка}}, {{langx|ru|Доманёвка}}) is a rural settlement in Voznesensk Raion in the west of Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Domanivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.<ref name="admreform_2020_domanivka">{{cite web |title=Доманевская громада |url=https://gromada.info/ru/obschina/domanivska/ |publisher=Портал об'єднаних громад України |language=ru}}</ref> Population: {{Ua-pop-est2022|5,728|punct=.}}

Domanivka is located on the banks of the Chortala River, a left tributary of the Southern Bug.

==History== On 16 April 1920, Odessa Governorate was established. Domanivka was the center of Domanivskaya Volost and belonged to Voznesensky Uyezd of Kherson Governorate.<ref name="nikdeu">{{cite book|editor=А. Айсфельд|title= Немцы Николаевщины. 1918–1931 гг. Die Deutschen der Region Nikolaev. 1918–1931|url=http://mk.archives.gov.ua/docs/knygy/reestr.pdf|year=2011|publisher=Илион|location=Mykolaiv|isbn=978-966-2056-51-8|page=17}}</ref> In 1923, uyezds in Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic were abolished, and the governorates were divided into okruhas. In 1923, Kantakuzynka Raion with the administrative center in the selo of Kantakuzynka was established, and Domanivka became the part of the raion. It belonged to Pervomaisk Okruha. In 1925, the governorates were abolished, and okruhas were directly subordinated to Ukrainian SSR. On 3 February 1926, Katakuzynka Raion was renamed Domanivka Raion, and the center was moved to Domanivka.<ref name="nikdeu"/> In 1930, okruhas were abolished, and on 27 February 1932, Odessa Oblast was established, and Domanivka Raion was included into Odessa Oblast.

During World War II, 14,000-18,000 overwhelmingly local Transnistrian Jews were murdered on the spot in Domanivka the winter of 1941-1942, until February 1942.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://yahadmap.org/#village/domanivka-mykolaiv-ukraine.57 | title=Yahad - in Unum }}</ref><ref>Radu Ioanid, ''The Holocaust in Romania: The Destruction of the Jews and Gypsies Under the Antonescu Regime'' (Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2000), p. 184. The source estimates the number of dead at 14,000.</ref><ref>The Soviet estimate was 15,000 dead Jews. See "Odessa", in Ilya Ehrenburg and Vasily Grossman, ''The Black Book'' (New York: Holocaust Library, 1980), p. 83.</ref><ref>The article "Domanevka" in Shoah Research Center, http://www.yadvashem.org, at https://wwv.yadvashem.org/odot_pdf/Microsoft%20Word%20-%206276.pdf, indicates that 18,000 Jews were murdered.</ref><ref>Jean Ancel, "Domanevka", in Israel Gutman (editor in Chief), ''Encyclopedia of the Holocaust'' (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1990), vol. 1, p. 398, states that 18,000 Jews were murdered.</ref> Many thousands of them were from Odessa.<ref>Jean Ancel, "Domanevka", in Israel Gutman (editor in Chief), ''Encyclopedia of the Holocaust'' (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1990), vol. 1, p. 397.</ref> A minority of the Jews who were killed were Bessarabian Jews.<ref>Jean Ancel, "Domanevka", in Israel Gutman (editor in Chief), ''Encyclopedia of the Holocaust'' (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1990), vol. 1, p. 397-398.</ref> The victims were killed, mainly by the Romanian constabulary, the Romanian army supported by Ukrainian militia and the Sonderkommando.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://memorialmuseums.eu/eng/denkmaeler/view/1565/Memorial-to-the-murdered-Jews-of-Domanivka |title=Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance |publisher=Memorialmuseums.eu |date= |accessdate=2022-09-12 |archive-date=2022-11-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221125155511/https://memorialmuseums.eu/eng/denkmaeler/view/1565/Memorial-to-the-murdered-Jews-of-Domanivka |url-status=dead }}</ref> After the occupation of Transnistria by the Germans in World War II, and under Ion Antonescu, the ruler of Romania in October 1941, an extermination camp was established in Domanovka, where thousands of Jews were murdered. The camp was liberated on March 28, 1944, by the Red Army. According to Jean Ancel, "about five hundred Jews were still alive, mostly expellees from Romania."<ref>Jean Ancel, "Domanevka", in Israel Gutman (editor in Chief), ''Encyclopedia of the Holocaust'' (New York: Macmillan Publishing Company, 1990), vol. 1, p. 398.</ref> Among the main perpetrators of crime in Transnistria were the Romanian army and police. Their actions stemmed from their political support for Germany and the Nazis during World War II.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7722/j.ctt81f64 |title=Nazi Policy on the Eastern Front, 1941: Total War, Genocide, and Radicalization |date=2012 |publisher=Boydell & Brewer |isbn=978-1-58046-407-9 |volume=8 |jstor=10.7722/j.ctt81f64 }}</ref> The Romanian policy in the Transnistria camp carried through starvation, forced camps, mass shootings, and more.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jignea |first=Clara |date=1999 |title=Review- Harvard Ukrainian Studies |jstor=41036804 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41036804 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Braham |first=Randolph L. |title=THE DESTRUCTION OF ROMANIAN AND UKRAINIAN JEWS DURING THE ANTONESCU ERA. |publisher=East European Monographs |year=1997 |isbn=978-0880333801}}</ref> For more information on the Holocaust in Transnistria, including on the fate of the Jewish deportees from Romania, including Bessarabia, see History of the Jews in Transnistria.

In February 1954, Domanivka Raion was transferred to Mykolaiv Oblast.<ref name="enc-raion">{{cite web|url=http://history.mk.ua/rajony-rajony-nikolaevskoj-oblasti.htm|title=Районы Николаевской области|date=22 July 2012|publisher=Николаевская область. Электронная историческая энциклопедия|language=Russian|accessdate=6 March 2016|archive-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112221050/http://history.mk.ua/rajony-rajony-nikolaevskoj-oblasti.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1956, Domanivka was granted urban-type settlement status.<ref name="ad">{{cite book|title=Украинская ССР - Административно-территориальное деление на 1 января 1979 года|year=1979|publisher=Ukrainian Soviet Encyclopedia|location=Kyiv}}</ref>

On 18 July 2020, Domanivka Raion was abolished as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast to four. The area of Domanivka Raion was merged into Voznesensk Raion.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ.|url=http://www.golos.com.ua/article/333466|access-date=2020-10-03|date=2020-07-18|website=Голос України|language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Нові райони: карти + склад |url=https://www.minregion.gov.ua/press/news/novi-rajony-karty-sklad/ |publisher=Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України |language=Ukrainian}}</ref> On 26 January 2024, a new law entered into force which abolished the status of urban-type settlement status, and Domanivka became a rural settlement.<ref name="glavnoe">{{cite news |title=Что изменится в Украине с 1 января |url=https://glavnoe.in.ua/ru/novosti/chto-yzmenytsya-v-ukrayne-s-1-yanvarya |work=glavnoe.in.ua |language=ru| date=1 January 2024}}</ref>

==Economy==

===Transportation=== The closest railway station, {{convert|24|km|mi}} east of the settlement, is in Voznesensk, on the railway line connecting Odesa and Pomichna.<ref name="ad"/>

==References== {{reflist}} {{Authority control}}

Category:Rural settlements in Voznesensk Raion Category:Ananyevsky Uyezd Category:Jewish Ukrainian history Category:Holocaust locations in Ukraine