Crown Honours Lists

{{improve refs|date=January 2021}} {{Use British English|date=May 2021}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}} {{Short description|Lists of honours conferred upon citizens of the Commonwealth realms}}

'''Crown Honours Lists''' are lists of honours conferred upon citizens of the [[Commonwealth realm]]s. The awards are presented by or in the name of the reigning monarch, currently {{Current UK monarch |King |Charles III}}, or his vice-regal representative.

==New Year Honours== Honours have been awarded at New Year since at least 1890, in which year a list of [[Queen Victoria]]'s awards was published in ''[[The London Gazette]]'' on 2 January.<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=26008 |date=1 January 1890 |pages=1–2 }}</ref> There was no honours list at New Year 1902, as a list had been published on the new king's birthday the previous November,<ref>{{Cite newspaper The Times |title=Court circular |date=31 December 1901 |page=4 |issue=36652}}</ref> but from January 1903 until 1909 a list (including only Indian orders) was published. The other orders were announced on the king's birthday in November.

[[Australia]] has discontinued New Year Honours, and now announces its honours on [[Australia Day]], 26 January, and the [[King's Official Birthday]] holiday, in early June.

==Australia Day Honours== {{further|Australian honours and awards system}} The [[Australia Day]] honours were established in 1975 to replace the New Year Honours in Australia. The list is issued on 26 January every year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pmc.gov.au/government/its-honour| title=It's an Honour| website= [[Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet (Australia)]]| publisher = Australian Government | access-date=23 January 2022}}</ref>

==Birthday Honours== Birthday Honours are part of the celebration of the [[King's Official Birthday|reigning monarch's official birthday]] in each realm. The awards are presented by the reigning monarch or head of state, or their deputy.

Known as '''King's Birthday Honours''' ('''Queen's Birthday Honours''' in times of a female monarch), all royal honours are published in the ''[[London Gazette]]'', ''[[Canada Gazette]]'', ''Commonwealth of Australia Gazette'' and ''[[New Zealand Gazette]]''. The lists are also published in the daily newspapers of each realm.

Honours have been awarded on the monarch's birthday since at least 9 November 1901, the birthday of [[Edward VII|King Edward VII]] ({{abbr|r.|reigned}} 1901–1910).<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27374 |date=9 November 1901 |page=7287 |supp=y}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=27376 |date=12 November 1901 |page=7291}}</ref> After 1908 the monarch's official birthday was moved to the first, second or third Saturday in June (for the UK). Other Commonwealth realms celebrate the official birthday on different dates (generally late May or early June), and release their honours lists accordingly.

==Coronation Honours== Coronation honours are awarded by the sovereign to mark their [[coronation]]. The honours are usually those within the sovereign's personal gift.

==Jubilee Honours== Jubilee honours are awarded by the sovereign to mark their [[jubilee]]. The honours are usually those within the sovereign's personal gift.

==Demise Honours== Demise honours are awarded after the death of a member of the royal family, examples include the honours awarded after the deaths of [[2002 Demise Honours|Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother and Princess Margaret in 2002]], [[2021 Demise Honours|Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh in 2021]], and [[2023 Demise Honours|Queen Elizabeth II in 2023]].

==Dissolution Honours== The Dissolution Honours List lists recipients of [[Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom|honours]] from the monarch after the [[Dissolution of the Parliament of the United Kingdom|dissolution of Parliament]]. Typically, the list will include retiring [[Member of Parliament|MPs]], some of whom are customarily made [[life peers]]. The list may also include [[Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom#Knighthood|knighthoods]] for others who have served in Parliament, including those who may not want peerages. Appointments to the [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom]] are also made.

==Prime Minister's Resignation Honours== {{main article|Prime Minister's Resignation Honours}} The Prime Minister's Resignation Honours in the [[United Kingdom]] are [[Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom|honours]] granted at the behest of an outgoing [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] following his or her resignation. In such a list, a Prime Minister may ask the monarch to bestow [[peerage]]s, or other lesser honours, on any number of people of his or her choosing. At times, the appointments created controversy: for example the [[1976 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours]], also known as "the Lavender List", about which [[BBC Four]] produced [[The Lavender List|a docudrama]].<ref name="history of honours scandals">{{cite news |last1=Kennedy |first1=Maev |title=From Lloyd George to the lavender list: the history of honours scandals |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/aug/01/from-lloyd-george-to-the-lavender-list-the-history-of-honours-scandals |access-date=26 August 2016 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=1 August 2016}}</ref>

An earlier scandal over [[David Lloyd George]]'s [[1922 Dissolution Honours]] list resulted in the [[Honours (Prevention of Abuses) Act 1925]].<ref name="history of honours scandals" /> [[Tony Blair]] did not issue a list, apparently because of the "[[Cash for Honours]]" scandal.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2007/jun/22/lords.uk | title=Blair misses deadline for resignation honours | work=[[The Guardian]] | date=22 June 2007}}</ref> [[Gordon Brown]] did not publish a resignation honours list either,<ref>{{cite news | last=Moss |first=Vincent |url=https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/top-stories/2010/05/16/arise-team-gord-115875-22261628/ |title=Gordon Brown to award peerages to John Prescott and Sue Nye - Mirror Online | work=[[Daily Mirror]] |date=16 May 2010 |access-date=7 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.politicshome.com/uk/story/9184/ | publisher=PoliticsHome | title=Harman 'blocks' Brown's resignation honours list |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716082252/https://www.politicshome.com/uk/story/9184/ |archive-date=16 July 2011 | last1=Home | first1=Politics }}</ref> but a [[2010 Dissolution Honours|dissolution list]] was issued on his advice (to similar effect).<ref name="history of honours scandals"/> [[David Cameron]] revived the practice in his [[2016 Prime Minister's Resignation Honours]] published on 4 August following his July resignation.<ref>{{cite web |title=Resignation Honours 2016 |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/resignation-honours-2016 |access-date=4 August 2016}}</ref>

==Bravery Council Honours== Bravery Council honours lists recipients of Australian bravery honours. The lists are issued twice a year, in March and August.

==Special honours== As part of the British honours system, Special Honours are issued at the [[Monarch of the United Kingdom|Monarch]]'s [[At His Majesty's pleasure|pleasure]] at any given time. The Special Honours refer to the awards made within royal prerogative, operational honours, political honours and other honours awarded outside the [[New Year Honours]] and [[Birthday Honours]].

Special honours are issued at random points throughout the year. Australia and the United Kingdom both issue special honours.

==See also== *[[Australian honours system]] *[[Orders, decorations, and medals of Canada]] *[[New Zealand royal honours system]] *[[Orders, decorations, and medals of the United Kingdom]]

==References== {{Reflist}}

[[Category:New Year Honours| ]] [[Category:Birthday Honours| ]] [[Category:British honours system]] [[Category:1890 establishments in the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Awards established in 1890]] [[Category:1908 establishments in the United Kingdom]] [[Category:Awards established in 1908]]