Dipcadi

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Redirect|Zuccangnia|the defunct legume genus|Zuccagnia}} {{Automatic taxobox |taxon = Dipcadi |image = Dipcadi serotinum-IMG 4331.jpg |image_caption = Flowers of ''Dipcadi serotinum'' |authority = Medik.<ref name=WCSP_304277/> |synonyms_ref=<ref name=WCSP_304277/> |synonyms=*''Zuccangnia'' Thunb. *''Uropetalon'' Burch. ex Ker Gawl. *''Polemannia'' P.J.Bergius ex Schltdl. *''Baeoterpe'' Salisb. *''Tricharis'' Salisb. }} [[File:Dipcadi serotinum MHNT.BOT.2007.40.134.jpg|thumb|''Dipcadi serotinum'' - MHNT]]

'''''Dipcadi''''' is a genus of bulbous flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae (also treated as the family Hyacinthaceae).<ref name=APweb_Scilloideae>Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards), "[http://www.mobot.org/mobot/research/apweb/orders/asparagalesweb.htm#Hyacinthaceae Asparagales: Scilloideae]", ''Angiosperm Phylogeny Website'', retrieved 2013-03-28</ref> It is widely distributed, occurring in southern Europe, most of Africa and the Middle East through to the Indian subcontinent.<ref name=WCSP_304277>{{Citation |contribution=Dipcadi|title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=304277 |access-date=2013-03-28}}</ref>

==Description==

Species of ''Dipcadi'' grow from small bulbs. The solitary flower stem (scape) bears a loose raceme of green or brown flowers, sometimes with different colours at the tips of the three inner tepals. The raceme is usually one-sided (secund). The tepals are joined at the base for up to two thirds of their length to form a tube. The apices of the tepals then curve outwards, particularly the outer three. The outer three tepals may have a rounded "spur" at their tips. The stamens, which are enclosed within the flower, are joined to the tube formed by the tepals and have flat filaments. The black seeds are in the shape of a disc or a flattened globe.<ref name=eMon_304277>{{Citation |title=''Dipcadi'' Raf. |url=http://zoo-bclark01.zoo.ox.ac.uk/taxon/urn:kew.org:wcs:taxon:304277 |access-date=2013-03-28 |work=eMonocot |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130419161627/http://zoo-bclark01.zoo.ox.ac.uk/taxon/urn:kew.org:wcs:taxon:304277 |archivedate=2013-04-19 }}</ref><ref name=MartCresJuanFay11>{{Citation |last1=Martinez-Azorin |first1=Mario |last2=Crespo |first2=Manuel B. |last3=Juan |first3=Ana |last4=Fay |first4=Michael F. |year=2011 |title=Molecular phylogenetics of subfamily Ornithogaloideae (Hyacinthaceae) based on nuclear and plastid DNA regions, including a new taxonomic arrangement |journal=Annals of Botany |volume=107 |issue=1 |pages=1–37 |doi=10.1093/aob/mcq207 |pmid=21163815 |pmc=3002468}}, p. 15</ref>

''Dipcadi serotinum'', from south-west Europe and north Africa, although sombre in colour, is sometimes cultivated by gardeners specializing in ornamental bulbous plants.<ref name=GreyMath81>{{Citation |last1=Grey-Wilson |first1=Christopher |last2=Mathew |first2=Brian |year=1981 |title=Bulbs : the bulbous plants of Europe and their allies |publication-place=London |publisher=Collins |isbn=978-0-00-219211-8 |name-list-style=amp }}, p. 116</ref>

==Systematics==

The genus was named by Friedrich Kasimir Medikus in 1790, based on the species Linnaeus had called ''Hyacinthus serotinus''. Medikus distinguished ''Dipcadi'' from ''Hyacinthus'' because of the former's many flattened seeds and tubular flowers.<ref name="Ghaz96">{{Citation |last=Ghazanfar |first=Shahina A. |title=The Genus ''Dipcadi'' (Hyacinthaceae) in the Arabian Peninsula |journal=Kew Bulletin |volume=51 |issue=4 |year=1996 |pages=803–807 |doi=10.2307/4119738 |jstor=4119738 |bibcode=1996KewBu..51..803G |author-link=Shahina A. Ghazanfar}}</ref> Along with three other genera, ''Albuca'', ''Ornithogalum'' sensu lato and ''Pseudogaltonia'', ''Dipcadi'' is placed in the tribe Ornithogaleae (or subfamily Ornithogaloideae by those who recognize the Scilloideae as the separate family Hyacinthaceae).<ref name=MannForeDeveFay09>{{Citation |last1=Manning |first1=John C. |last2=Forest |first2=Félix |last3=Devey |first3=Dion S. |last4=Fay |first4=Michael F. |last5=Goldblatt |first5=Peter |year=2009 |title=A molecular phylogeny and a revised classification of Ornithogaloideae (Hyacinthaceae) based on an analysis of four plastid DNA regions |journal=Taxon |volume=58 |issue=1 |pages=77–107 |doi=10.1002/tax.581011 |jstor=27756826 }}</ref>

===Species=== {{As of|2013|March}}, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families recognized 41 species and one hybrid:<ref name="WCSP_Dipcadi">Search for "Dipcadi", {{Citation |title=World Checklist of Selected Plant Families |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |url=http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ |access-date=2013-03-28 }}</ref>

{{Columns-list|colwidth=30em| *''Dipcadi bakerianum'' Bolus *''Dipcadi balfourii'' Baker *''Dipcadi biflorum'' Ghaz. *''Dipcadi brevifolium'' (Thunb.) Fourc. *''Dipcadi ciliare'' (Eckl. & Zeyh. ex Harv.) Baker *''Dipcadi'' × ''clarkeanum'' Schinz (''D. bakerianum'' × ''D. glaucum'') *''Dipcadi concanense'' (Dalzell) Baker *''Dipcadi cowanii'' (Ridl.) H.Perrier *''Dipcadi crispum'' Baker *''Dipcadi dekindtianum'' Engl. *''Dipcadi erythraeum'' Webb & Berthel. *''Dipcadi fesoghlense'' (Solms) Baker *''Dipcadi garuense'' Engl. & K.Krause *''Dipcadi glaucum'' (Burch. ex Ker Gawl.) Baker *''Dipcadi goaense'' Prabhug. *''Dipcadi gracillimum'' Baker *''Dipcadi guichardii'' A.R.Sm. *''Dipcadi heterocuspe'' Baker *''Dipcadi kuriensis'' A.G.Mill. *''Dipcadi ledermannii'' Engl. & K.Krause *''Dipcadi longifolium'' (Lindl.) Baker *''Dipcadi maharashtrense'' Deb & S.Dasgupta *''Dipcadi marlothii'' Engl. *''Dipcadi mechowii'' Engl. *''Dipcadi minor'' Hook.f. *''Dipcadi montanum'' (Dalzell) Baker *''Dipcadi ndelleense'' A.Chev. *''Dipcadi oxylobum'' Welw. ex Baker *''Dipcadi panousei'' Sauvage & Veilex *''Dipcadi papillatum'' Oberm. *''Dipcadi platyphyllum'' Baker *''Dipcadi reidii'' Deb & S.Dasgupta *''Dipcadi rigidifolium'' Baker *''Dipcadi saxorum'' Blatt. *''Dipcadi serotinum'' (L.) Medik. *''Dipcadi susianum'' (Nábelek) Wendelbo *''Dipcadi thollonianum'' Hua *''Dipcadi turkestanicum'' Vved. *''Dipcadi ursulae'' Blatt. *''Dipcadi vaginatum'' Baker *''Dipcadi viride'' (L.) Moench *''Dipcadi welwitschii'' (Baker) Baker }}

==References== {{Reflist}}

Category:Asparagaceae genera Category:Scilloideae