{{short description|Sri Lankan film director and screenwriter}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} {{Infobox person | name = Dharmasena Pathiraja | image = Dr.Dharmasena.Pathiraja.jpg | alt = | caption = | birth_date = {{birth date|1943|3|28|df=y}} | birth_place = Kandy, Sri Lanka | death_date = {{death date and age|2018|1|28|1943|3|28|df=y}} | death_place = Lakeside hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka | resting_place = | resting_place_coordinates = <!-- {{coord|LAT|LONG|display=inline,title}} --> | nationality = | spouse = Kusumalatha Malini Pathiraja | children = Sumedha Pathiraja, Milinda Pathiraja | education = B.A., M.A., PhD | occupation = University lecturer, Film Maker, screenwriter, Chairman – Sri Lanka Media Training Institute, Head of the Performing Arts Department University of Colombo Sripalee Campus | alma_mater = Dharmaraja College, Kandy, University of Peradeniya, Monash University | years_active = 50 years of experience in film fields | awards = | signature = | website = | footnotes = }}

'''Pathiraja Navaratne Wanninayake Mudiyanselage Ranjith Dharmasena'''<ref>{{cite web|url=http://archives1.sundayobserver.lk/2017/07/09/art/half-century-world-cinema|title=Half a century in the world of cinema|date=8 July 2017}}</ref> (28 March 1943 – 28 January 2018) was a Sri Lankan film director and screenwriter.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sarasaviya.lk/2016/05/05/?fn=sa16050534 |title=This is not my best |publisher=Sarasaviya |access-date=11 March 2017}}</ref> He has been referred to as a 'rebel with a cause', an ‘''enfant terrible'' of the '70s', and is widely recognized as the pioneer of Sri Lankan cinema’s 'second revolution'. He is also renowned as an academic, playwright and poet.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://mirrorarts.lk/featured/11907-2025-11-08-09-3|title=ධර්මසේන පතිරාජ පදනම තුළින් දිය හැකි දායකත්වය - එරික් ඉලයප්ආරච්චිගේ කතාව|date=8 November 2025}}</ref>

== Early life == Educated at Dharmaraja College, Kandy, Pathiraja graduated from the University of Peradeniya with an honours degree in Sinhala and Western Classical Culture in 1967. Subsequently he began work as a lecturer in Drama and Performance Arts,<ref name="SundayTim">{{cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/dharmasenapathiraja/index.html |title=Dharmasena Pathiraja biography|year=2006 |author=Ginger, Edward|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060220042746/http://www.geocities.com/dharmasenapathiraja/index.html|archive-date=2006-02-20}}</ref> and later obtained a PhD in Bengali cinema from Monash University. His thesis was ''The Dialectic of Region and Nation in the Films of Bengali Independents: Ghatak, Ray and Sen (2001)''.<ref name="Monash">{{cite web |url=http://arts.monash.edu.au/film-tv/postgraduate/research/index.php|title=MA and PhD theses Completed in Film & TV Studies Culture|year=2009 }}</ref> He learned the language of cinema from the film society movement, which was popular in Sri Lanka in the early sixties. He also recognized their sociopolitical limitations in a country which was heading into a period of deep turmoil. He also studied the cinema of radical activists like Jean-Luc Godard, Third Cinema filmmakers like Fernando Solanas and Glauber Rocha, and Asians like Mrinal Sen, Satyajit Ray and Ritwik Ghatak.<ref name="kelabsenifilem">{{cite web |url=https://kelabsenifilem.blogspot.com/2009/09/dharmasena-pathiraja-retrospective.html|title=Dharmasena Pathiraja Retrospective: A Rebel with a Cause|year=2009 }}</ref>

==First wave of success (1970&ndash;1977)== Pathiraja made a short 10-minute film titled ''Saturo'' in 1970. His full-length feature film ''Ahas Gauwa'' followed four years later. Dealing with the urban lower class, the film was atypical of most commercial films of that period. It was critically well-received, sweeping the FCJAC Awards landing Best Picture, Best Director and Best Actor and winning the Office Catholique Internationale Du Cinema (Sri Lanka) awards for Best Film and Best Director.<ref name="SundayTim"/>

1975's ''Eya Dan Loku Lamayek'' was Sri Lanka's entry at the 9th Moscow International Film Festival,<ref name="Moscow1975">{{cite web|url=http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1975 |title=9th Moscow International Film Festival (1975) |access-date=2013-01-05 |work=MIFF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130116194905/http://www.moscowfilmfestival.ru/miff34/eng/archives/?year=1975 |archive-date=16 January 2013 }}</ref> winning a Special Diploma for Female Performance in 1976 and the Special award from the peace council of the USSR to be screened at the 18th Venice Film Festival in Bergamo, Italy in 1975.<ref name="SundayTim"/>

1978's ''Bambaru Avith'' is widely considered Pathiraja's masterpiece. That year it represented Sri Lanka at the 10th Moscow International Film Festival and was screened at the Venice and Los Angeles Film Festivals. In Sri Lanka it was awarded Best Director and Best Film honors at the first Presidential Film Awards and the OCIC Awards. In 1997 a special council selected to celebrate 50 years of Sri Lankan Cinema named it the fourth best Sri Lankan film of all-time.<ref name="SundayTim"/>

===Middle period (1977&ndash;1981)=== Later that year, Pathiraja made the Tamil film ''Ponmani'' shown at the International Film Festival in India. 1980 saw the filming of ''Para Dige'' which was shown some time later at UCLA in the Third World Cinema Program and in France and Melbourne.<ref name="SundayTim"/>

1981's ''Soldadu Unnahe'' would be Pathiraja's last film for 13 years. It was Sri Lanka's entry to the 8th International Film Festival of India and was awarded Best Film, Best Director and best Script at the third Presidential Film Awards and Best Director and Best Film at the OCIC Awards. OCIC named it the best Sri Lankan film of the 1980 &ndash;1990 period in 1990.<ref name="SundayTim"/>

==Return to film (1994&ndash;2002)== 1994's ''Wasuli'' was a relatively minor film. In 2001 Pathrija returned on a bigger scale with ''Mathu Yam Dawasa'', shown at the Singapore International Film Festival and the 4th Osian's Cinefan Festival of Asian and Arab Cinema, New Delhi.<ref name="SundayTim"/>

==Academic career== Dharmasena Pathiraja started his academic career at the University of Kelaniya as an assistant lecturer. Later he worked as a lecturer in several Sri Lankan universities, including, University of Jaffna, University of Ruhuna and University of Colombo. He served as the Department Head of Performing Arts of Sripalee Campus University of Colombo for a long time. Dharmasena Pathiraja was also the Chairman of Sri Lanka Media Training Institute.

==Theatergraphy== *1970 Kora saha Andaya (The Lame and the Blind) script.<ref name="dailynews 1">{{cite news |title= One League of Social Consciousness-Dharmasena Pathiraja Speaks |work= dailynews |year= 2001 |access-date= 5 August 2001 |url= http://www.dailynews.lk/2001/pix/PrintPage.asp?REF=/2009/08/05/art13.asp |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121017115309/http://www.dailynews.lk/2001/pix/PrintPage.asp?REF=%2F2009%2F08%2F05%2Fart13.asp |archive-date= 17 October 2012 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Produced by Dhamma Jagoda.<ref name="dailynews 2">{{cite news |title= Dhamma Jagoda's insight into life through drama |work= dailynews |year= 2002 |access-date= 6 February 2002 |url= http://www.dailynews.lk/2002/02/06/fea05.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20030624071708/http://www.dailynews.lk/2002/02/06/fea05.html |archive-date= 24 June 2003 |url-status= dead }}</ref> *1971 Putu (''The Chairs'' of Eugène Ionesco) Translator and director. It won best translation script in the state drama festival in 1971.<ref name="sundaytimeslk">{{cite news|title= Dr. Pathiraja presents three books on theatre |work= sundaytime |year=2017|access-date=27 August 2017|url= http://www.sundaytimes.lk/170827/magazine/dr-pathiraja-presents-three-books-on-theatre-255825.html }}</ref>

== Filmography == <ref name="sensesofcinema">{{cite news|first=Brandon |last=Wee|title= One League of Social Consciousness-Dharmasena Pathiraja Speaks |work= sensesofcinema |year=2003|access-date=19 March 2010|url= http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/03/27/dharmasena_pathiraja.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413002349/http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/03/27/dharmasena_pathiraja.html |archive-date=13 April 2009}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" |- ! Year !! Feature Films !! Ref. |- | 1974 || ''Ahas Gauwa'' || |- | 1975 ||''Eya Dan Loku Lamayek'' || |- | 1978 ||''Ponmani'' || |- | 1978 ||''Bambaru Avith'' || |- | 1980 ||''Paradige'' || |- | 1981 ||''Soldadu Unnehe'' || |- | 2002 ||''Mathu Yam Dawasa'' || <ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/011125/tv.html | title=Patjiraja's latest film needed better handling | work=Daily News | access-date=10 August 2019}}</ref> |- | 2014 ||''Sakkarang'' || |- | 2014 ||''Swaroopa'' || |}

Unscreened Feature *1981 ''Sira Kandavura'' *1983 ''Shelton Saha Kanthi'' *1994 ''Whirl Wind (Vasuli)'' [Colour]

===Shorts and Documentaries=== <ref name="sundaytimes">{{cite news|title= Pathi felicitated in Kandy |work= sensesofcinema |year=2003|access-date=7 March 2007|url= http://sundaytimes.lk/070304/TV/005tv.html}}</ref> *2006 ''In Search of a Road'' [Colour]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/070107/TV/001tv.html |title=Pathiraja 'In search of a Road' |publisher=Sarasaviya |access-date=30 November 2019}}</ref> *1988 ''Shelter For Million Families'' – A 15 mts documentary produced to commemorate the International Year of Shelter for the Homeless, Screened at ST. Anne's Theatre, London on the occasion of the ceremonial award presentation for the best housing program of the year won by Sri Lanka. 1988. (35mm Colour) *1984 ''Putting The Last First'' – A documentary on local level community based projects for NORAD (35&nbsp;mm Colour) *1974 ''The Coast (Werala)'' A 30 mts documentary on coast conservation for the Ministry of Fisheries, 1974. ( 35&nbsp;mm Colour) *1972 ''Anduren Eliyata'' – From Darkness to Light, A 40 mts documentary on Land Reforms, produced for the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reforms. 1972 (35mm -Black and White) *1969 ''Enemies (Sathuro)'' [B&W]

===Television dramas(series)=== *1985 ''Gangulen Egodata'' -Crossing the Stream *1986 ''Maaya Mandira'' – Mansion of Maya. 1986, 27mts.Tele feature For National TV. *1988 ''Ella langa Walawwa'' – The House By the Waterfall. 1988,14 (27mts) episodes, Tele Drama for the National TV *1989 ''Wanni Hamilage Kathawa'' – Story of Wannihamy,4 (27mts) episodes, Tele docu drama *1989 ''Sudubandelage Kathawa''- Story of Sudu Banda,2 (30mts) episodes Tele docu-drama *1989 ''Pura Sakmana-2'' (45mts) episodes Tele Drama, An adaptation of Anton Chekhov's ''Lady with the Dog'' for National TV *1992 ''Kadulla-The Hurdle-21'' (26 mts) episodes, Tele Drama, Won 9 UNDA international awards (Sri Lanka Office) Including Best TV Feature, Best Director, Best Script, Best Male and Female Performances, of the year 1992 *1993 ''Suba Anagathyak-16'' (26mts) episodes, Tele Drama, An Adaptation of Charles Dicken's ''Great Expectations'' for National TV *1994 ''Nadunana Puttu''- Unknown Sons,21 (26mts) episodes, Tele Drama, for ITN *1996 ''Durganthaya''- 34 (26mts) episodes, Tele Drama, An adaptation of Emily Brontë's ''Wuthering Heights'' *2009 ''Kampitha Vil''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sundaytimes.lk/070701/TV/tv_14.html |title=Pathi stirs 'Kampitha Vila' |work=The Sunday Times|access-date=11 December 2019}}</ref>

== Publications == * struggle between the form and the content of Sinhalese theatre(Sinhala Naatye Aakruthiyahaa Anthargathayaathara Aragalaya), 2017 *Kora Saha Andaya and vangagiriya, original plays, 2017 *Putu, Sinhala translation of a play by Eugene Ionesco, 2017 * Pedro paramo, translation of a novel, 2012

==References== {{reflist}}

==External links== *[http://www.films.lk/ArtistDetails.php?id=1034 Sri Lanka Sinhala Films Database – Dharmasena Pathiraja] *{{IMDb name|id=1217568}} *[https://web.archive.org/web/20100404052505/http://archive.sensesofcinema.com/contents/03/27/dharmasena_pathiraja.html One League of Social Consciousness:Dharmasena Pathiraja Speaks] *[http://www.kinema.uwaterloo.ca/article.php?id=78&feature Conversation with Sri Lankan Director Dharmasena Pathiraja] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614090121/http://www.kinema.uwaterloo.ca/article.php?id=78&feature |date=14 June 2011 }} *[http://www.sundaytimes.lk/101031/Magazine/sundaytimestvtimes_7.html Pathiraja back with Prince Siddhartha]

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Pathiraja, Dharmasena}} Category:1943 births Category:2018 deaths Category:Sri Lankan film directors Category:Sri Lankan screenwriters Category:Sri Lankan radio writers Category:Alumni of Dharmaraja College Category:Alumni of the University of Peradeniya Category:Academic staff of the University of Colombo Category:Alumni of the University of Ceylon Category:People from Kandy Category:Kala Keerthi