{{Short description|Species of cactus}} {{Speciesbox | image = Denmoza rhodacantha 1.jpg | image_caption = | status = LC | status_system = IUCN3.1 | status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{cite iucn |author=Méndez, E. |author2=Ortega-Baes, P. |year=2017 |amends=2013 |title=''Denmoza rhodacantha'' |volume=2017 |article-number=e.T152121A121459048 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T152121A121459048.en |access-date=25 July 2025}}</ref> | genus = Denmoza | parent_authority = Britton & Rose<ref name=IPNI_296726-2>{{citation |mode=cs1 |title=''Denmoza'' Britton & Rose |work=[[International Plant Names Index|The International Plant Names Index]] |url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=296726-2 |access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> | species = rhodacantha |authority = (Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose<ref name=POWO_77875-2/> | synonyms = {{Species list |Cactus coccineus|Gillies ex Loudon |Cereus erythrocephalus|(K.Schum.) A.Berger |Cereus rhodacanthus|(Salm-Dyck) F.A.C.Weber |Cleistocactus rhodacanthus|(Salm-Dyck) Lem. |Denmoza ducis-pauli|(C.F.Först. ex Rümpler) Werderm. ex Backeb. |Denmoza erythrocephala|(K.Schum.) A.Berger |Denmoza rhodacantha var. diamantina|Slaba |Denmoza strausii var. luteispina|Frič |Echinocactus coccineus|Pfeiff. |Echinocactus rhodacanthus|Salm-Dyck |Echinocactus rhodacanthus var. coccineus|Monv. ex Labour. |Echinopsis ducis-pauli|C.F.Först. ex Rümpler |Echinopsis rhodacantha|(Salm-Dyck) Salm-Dyck |Furiolobivia ducis-pauli|(C.F.Först.) Y.Itô |Lobivia ducis-pauli|(C.F.Först.) Borg |Mammillaria coccinea|G.Don |Pilocereus erythrocephalus|K.Schum. |Pilocereus rhodacanthus|(Salm-Dyck) Speg. |Pseudolobivia ducis-pauli|(C.F.Först.) Krainz }} | synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO_77875-2>{{citation|mode=cs1 |title=''Denmoza rhodacantha'' (Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose |work=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77875-2 |access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref><ref>{{Cite WFO |title=''Denmoza rhodacantha'' (Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose |id=0000641586 |access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> }}
'''''Denmoza''''' is a [[Monotypic taxon|monotypic]] genus of [[cactus]] with the sole species '''''Denmoza rhodacantha''''',<ref name=POWO_296726-2>{{citation|mode=cs1 |title=''Denmoza '' Britton & Rose |work=[[Plants of the World Online]] |publisher=[[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]] |url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:296726-2 |access-date=2025-11-17}}</ref> [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]] '''''Echinopsis rhodacantha''''', native to northwest Argentina.<ref name=POWO_77875-2/>
== Description == ''Denmoza rhodocantha'' starts out as a globular cactus and stays that way for quite some time before growing into a {{cvt|0.5|to|1.5|m|ft|round=0.5}} column with a diameter of {{cvt|20|to|30|cm|in|0}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.llifle.com/Encyclopedia/CACTI/Family/Cactaceae/7993/Denmoza_rhodacantha|title=Denmoza rhodocantha|access-date=21 October 2017}}</ref> The 30 or more ribs are high and wide, with a width of {{cvt|1|cm|in|1}} at the base. The first areoles are confluent and bear brownish-red spines, later grey. The 8 to 10 radial spines are slightly bent. The areoles from which the flowers sprout also produce a series of long brown bristles as well as long spines up to {{cvt|7|cm|in}}. The tubular flowers are scarlet. The fruits are spherical and contain shiny black-brown seeds with a diameter of about {{cvt|1.3|mm|in|2}}.<ref name="Anderson Eggli 2005 p. 177-178">{{cite book | last1=Anderson | first1=Edward F. | last2=Eggli | first2=Urs | title=Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon | date=2005 | isbn=3-8001-4573-1 | language=de | pages=177–178| publisher=Ulmer }}</ref><ref name="Backeberg 1983 p. 1043–1048.">{{cite book | last=Backeberg | first=Curt | title=Die Cactaceae : Handbuch der Kakteenkunde. 2. Cereoideae: (Hylocereeae - Cereeae [Austrocereinae]) | date=January 1983 | isbn=3-437-30381-3 | language=de | pages=1043–1048| publisher=Fischer }}</ref> <gallery> File:Denmoza rhodacantha 2.jpg|Spines File:Denmoza rhodacantha - University of California Botanical Garden - DSC08839.JPG| Plant grown in University of California Botanical Garden File:Man77Denmoza rhodacantha08.jpg|Plant growing in habitat in [[Uspallata]], Argentina </gallery>
==Taxonomy== The first plants were probably discovered in 1821 by John Gilles near the city of Mendoza. They were given the name ''Cactus coccineus'', but this has never been validly published. The species was first described as ''Echinocactus rhodacanthus'' in 1834 by [[Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck]].<ref name=POWO_77875-2/><ref name="Arnz 1834 p. 341">{{cite book | title=Hortus dyckensis: ou catalogue des plantes cultivées dans les jardins de Dyck | publisher=Arnz | year=1834 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8ZsCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA341 | language=fr | access-date=2023-08-26 | page=341}}</ref> [[Nathaniel Lord Britton]] and [[Joseph Nelson Rose]] transferred the species to their newly established genus ''Denmoza'' in 1922.<ref name=POWO_77875-2/><ref name="Britton Eaton Rose Wood 1919 p. ">{{cite book | last1=Britton | first1=Nathaniel Lord | last2=Eaton | first2=Mary E. | last3=Rose | first3=J. N. | last4=Wood | first4=Helen Adelaide | title=The Cactaceae: descriptions and illustrations of plants of the cactus family | publisher=Carnegie Institution of Washington | publication-place=Washington | year=1919 | doi=10.5962/bhl.title.46288 | page=}}</ref> {{As of|2025|November}}, [[Plants of the World Online]] accepted the placement in ''Denmoza''.<ref name=POWO_77875-2/>
==Distribution== ''Denmoza rhodacantha'' is found in northwestern and western [[Argentina]] on the eastern slopes and foothills of the Andes in the provinces from Mendoza to Salta at altitudes of 800 to 2800 meters.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}}
<gallery> File:Denmoza rhodacantha BlKakteen Tafel 16.jpg| Plate as ''Echinopsis rhodocantha'' in Blühende Kakteen - Iconographia Cactacearum Tafel 16 (1904) File:The Cactaceae Vol III, plate VIII filtered.jpg|As ''Echinopsis rhodocantha'' from The Cactaceae (1919-1923) by Britton et Rose, Vol. III. (1922) File:× Cleistoza, Huntington.jpg|A hybrid with ''[[Cleistocactus strausii]]'', [[Huntington Desert Garden]] </gallery>
== References == {{Reflist}}
{{Taxonbar|from1=Q8176532|from2=Q136899|from3=Q134572971|from4=Q12095268}}
[[Category:Cereeae|rhodacantha]] [[Category:Endemic flora of Argentina]] [[Category:Cacti of South America]]