{{Infobox company | name = Datacube Inc. | logo = Datacube newer logo.jpg | type = Private | industry = Computer hardware<br>Computer software | founded = {{start date and age|1978}} | founders = Stanley Michael Karandanis<br>J. Stewart Dunn | predecessor = Datacube Corporation | defunct = {{start date and age|2005}} | hq_location = Danvers, Massachusetts | former_names = Datacube SMK, Inc. | website = [https://web.archive.org/web/*/datacube.com datacube.com] (archived) }}
'''Datacube Inc.''' was an American computer company active from 1978 to 2005. The company focused on products for image processing, developing real-time hardware and software products for the industrial, medical, military and scientific markets. Datacube's MaxVideo line of image processors enjoyed a high market share in the image processing field owing to its modularity.{{sfn|Fountain|1994|p=226}} The company was also responsible for a number of industry firsts, including the first single-board frame grabber and the first real-time image convolver.<ref name=wonder />
==Early history== thumb|Old logo [[File:Videoram and various other products for Intel MULTIBUS - DATACUBE INC. 1981.pdf|thumb|Datacube brochure from 1981 showcasing various Multibus products]] Datacube was founded as '''Datacube SMK, Inc.''', in 1978 by Stanley Michael Karandanis (1934–2007) and J. Stewart Dunn (1941–2020).<ref name=keystones>{{cite journal | last=Wilson | first=Andrew | date=September 2013 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/1440809972 | title=Keystones of machine vision systems design | journal=Vision Systems Design | publisher=PennWell Publishing | volume=18 | issue=8 | pages=23–24, 32–34 | id={{ProQuest|1440809972}} }}</ref>{{rp|26}}<ref name=directory>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=March 2003 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A99049233/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Manufacturers Directory (C–E) | journal=Solid State Technology | publisher=PennWell Publishing | volume=46 | issue=3 | pages=139 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | date=September 2020 | url=https://www.carrierfuneralhome.com/obituary/j-dunn | title=Obituary for J. Stewart Dunn of Windham, New Hampshire | publisher=Carrier Family Funeral Home & Crematory | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811022253/https://www.carrierfuneralhome.com/obituary/j-dunn | archivedate=August 11, 2024}}</ref> Dunn and Karandanis headquartered Datacube SMK in Danvers, Massachusetts;<ref>{{cite web | last=Staff writer | date=May 11, 2007 | url=https://www.seacoastonline.com/story/news/local/exeter-news-letter/2007/05/11/obituaries/51395676007/ | title=Obituaries | work=The Portsmouth Herald | publisher=Gannett Company | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810050033/https://www.seacoastonline.com/story/news/local/exeter-news-letter/2007/05/11/obituaries/51395676007/ | archivedate=August 10, 2024}}</ref> it shares its name with an earlier company founded in 1969 by Karandanis, called Datacube Corporation. That company's only product was a precision, miniature (1.6-cubic inch) power supply for integrated circuits.<ref name=tiny>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=October 27, 1969 | url=https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_electronic_126744136/page/144/ | title=Tiny supply for IC's delivers 5 watts | journal=Electronics | publisher=McGraw-Hill | volume=42 | issue=22 | pages=145–147 | via=the Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|145}} The Datacube Corporation was founded in Billerica, Massachusetts, but later moved to Salem, New Hampshire.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=March 1970 | url=https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_TheElectroronicEngineerV29N03197003_86688408/page/122/ | title=Precision Pwr Supply | journal=The Electronic Engineer | publisher=Chilton Company | volume=29 | issue=3 | page=122 | via=the Internet Archive}}</ref> Initially, Datacube SMK manufactured board-level products for the Multibus, one of the first computer buses developed for microprocessors.<ref name=keystones /> Early boards designed by Dunn for Datacube SMK were PROM, RAM and character generator boards. Character display boards, such as the VT-103 and VR-107, were used in programmable read-only memory (PROM) programmers and similar systems.<ref name=dj />
Early in his career, Datacube's president and CEO Stanley Karandanis followed the leaders in the semiconductor field from Transitron to Bell Labs.<ref name=wonder>{{cite journal | last=Wilson | first=Andy | date=June 2007 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/224138484 | title=The wonder years | journal=Vision Systems Design | publisher=PenWell Publishing | volume=12 | issue=6 | page=88 | id={{ProQuest|224138484}} }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=October 1960 | url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Tele-Tech/60s/Electronic-Industires-1960-10.pdf | title=NEREM Technical Papers Program | journal=Electronic Industries | publisher=Chilton Company | volume=19 | issue=10 | pages=104, 209–213 | via=World Radio History}}</ref> Karandanis was the director of engineering at Monolithic Memories (MMI) when John Birkner and H.T. Chua designed the first successful programmable logic device, the programmable array logic (PAL) device. His contacts in the semiconductor field were instrumental in providing Datacube with components for its products.<ref name=keystones /> As well, programmable logic was important to Datacube's functional density: from the early days of bipolar PALs and PROMs to generic array logic (GAL), to every generation of FPGAs from Xilinx and then Actel and Quick Logic and Altera CPLDs. Said Rick Cooley, a hardware engineer at Datacube, "We use programmables like other designers use jellybeans".<ref>{{cite journal | last=Leonard | first=Milt | date=January 12, 1989 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A7340385/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Digital system design | journal=Electronic Design | publisher= Endeavor Business Media | volume=37 | issue=1 | pages=88 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref>
In early 1980, Datacube introduced the VG-120, a frame grabber built on a single Multibus board. At the time, a frame grabber was a large box with multiple boards. The VG-120 was the first ever commercial single-board frame grabber; based on programmable array logic (PAL), it had a 320 × 240 × 6-bit resolution, grayscale video input and output.<ref name=wonder /><ref>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=March 3, 1980 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6xo2WButCyEC&pg=PA46 | title=TV Images Transmitted | journal=Computerworld | publisher=IDG Publications | volume=XIV | issue=9 | page=46 | via=Google Books}}</ref>
Karandanis hired Rashid Beg and Robert Wang from Matrox to develop the first Q-Bus (DEC LSI-11) frame grabber. They developed the QVG/QAF-120 dual board, an 8-bit product primarily for a new startup named Cognex. While the latter were developing the hardware for Datacube, they were also planning to spin off and form a competitor, Imaging Technology, Inc. (ITI).<ref>{{cite journal | last=Jubak | first=Jim | date=March 1986 | url=https://www.proquest.com/docview/214799401 | title=No-Frills Financing from Balance Sheets | journal=Venture | volume=8 | issue=3 | page=106 | id={{ProQuest|214799401}} }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Snigier | first=Paul | author2=Martha Hawkins | date=August 1981 | url=https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_DigitalDesN08198108_81710594/page/76/ | title=The Computer Compatible Directory Part One | journal=Digital Design | publisher=Benwill Publishing | volume=11 | issue=8 | pages=64–95 | via=the Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|77, 87}} To recover from this loss, and to complete the QVG-120 product, Dave Erickson was hired as a consultant in 1981 from Octek by the engineering manager Paul Bloom. Erickson came on full-time in 1982, as did Dave Simmons who was to head applications, and Bob Berger, who was to head software. At this time, ITI was developing a line of frame grabber products for Multibus and Q-Bus, with a real time image processor based on a single-point multiplier, adder and lookup table (LUT).<ref name=dj>{{cite web | last=Erickson | first=Dave J. | date=2022 | url=https://www.djerickson.com/datacube/ | title=Datacube History and Products from 1979 to 2005 | work=DJErickson.com | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240810060045/https://www.djerickson.com/datacube/ | archivedate=August 10, 2024}}</ref> In 1983, Karandanis hired Shep Siegel from Ampex, who had worked on the advanced and successful Ampex Digital Optics (ADO) real-time video spatial manipulator for the broadcast television market.<ref name=nonconfirmist>{{cite journal | last=Rose | first=Craig D. | date=February 18, 1985 | url=https://archive.org/details/electronics_week-1985_02_18/page/55/ | title=Nonconformist engineer plans to shake up industrial vision field | journal=Electronics Week | publisher=McGraw-Hill | volume=58 | issue=7 | page=55 | via=the Internet Archive}}</ref> At Datacube, Siegel developed a line of modular machine-vision products for the Motorola's VMEbus.<ref name=nonconfirmist /> The first in the line, the VVG-128 first video-acquisition, frame-grabber, and display system for the VMEbus, intended for factory automation.<ref name=nonconfirmist /><ref>{{cite journal | last=Rose | first=Craig D. | date=February 18, 1985 | url=https://archive.org/details/electronics_week-1985_02_18/page/n86/ | title=VME design improves image | journal=Electronics Week | publisher=McGraw-Hill | volume=58 | issue=7 | pages=77–79 | via=the Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|77}} With Dunn's help, Simmons developed the VG-123 Multibus and Q-Bus frame grabber boards. During this development, Paul Bloom died, and Dave Erickson was promoted to engineering manager to replace Bloom.<ref name=dj />
==MaxVideo 10== In late 1985, Datacube introduced the VMEbus-based MaxVideo 10 family of image processing boards for the machine vision market. The first seven MaxVideo boards were the Digimax (digitizer and display), Framestore (triple 512 × 512 framestore with unprecedented density), VFIR (the first real-time 3×3 image filter), SNAP (3×3 Systolic Neighborhood Array Processor), Featuremax (for real-time statistics), SP (a single-point general-purpose processor), and Protomax (a MaxVideo prototyping board). All boards interfaced through the proprietary MaxBus databus, while MaxWare was the software and drivers written to control the new boards.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Aldersey-Williams | first=Hugh | date=June 1985 | url=https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_digitalDes_58243890/page/42/ | title=Machine Vision Finds New Applications | journal=Digital Design | publisher=Morgan-Grampian Publishing | volume=15 | issue=6 | pages=40–46 | via=the Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|42}} The MaxBus required accurate synchronization: clocking and timing of each board plus a flexible way to route data from function to function. A simple differential ECL bus with a driver on one end and terminator on the opposite end was used. For data, 14-pin ribbon cables allowed 8-bit 10 MHz data to be routed from any output to any input.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=October 1988 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5j1JAQAAIAAJ | title=Buy don't build video DSP boards | journal=Electronic Engineering | publisher=Morgan-Grampian Publishing | volume=60 | issue=742 | page=9 | via=Google Books}}</ref>{{sfn|Fountain|1994|p=232}}
At the turn of the 1990s, Datacube experienced massive growth, tying with their rival spin-off ITI for the top spot for market share in the image processing market, at 17 percent.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Harbert | first=Tammi | date=November 27, 1989 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A7951932/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Image-processing vendors gear up for fast growth | journal=Electronic Business | publisher= Reed Business Information | volume=15 | issue=23 | pages=72 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref> Around this time Barry Egan was brought on as vice president of manufacturing, and Barry Unger was promoted to chief operating officer from financial advisor.<ref>{{cite book | last= | first= | date=1988 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hmg7AAAAMAAJ | title=Corporate Technology Directory | volume=2 | publisher= Corporate Technology Information Services | page= | issn=0887-1930 | via=Google Books}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=April 1985 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MfZIAQAAIAAJ | title=People | journal=Robotics Age | volume=7 | issue=4 | page=7 | via=Google Books}}</ref> Robert C. Berger meanwhile expanded the software department and moved the main computers from CP/M machines to Unix machines, based on LSI-11s from Digital Equipment Corporation. A Unix-based Pyramid mainframe computer was purchased for hardware and software development.<ref name=dj /> Accordingly, software development switched from assembly language to C.<ref name=pap /> Later the company transitioned to workstations by Sun Microsystems.<ref name=pap>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=July 1994 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A16434120/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Image processing: past and present | journal=Lasers & Optronics | publisher= Reed Business Information | volume=13 | issue=7 | pages=29 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref> On April 23, 1987, he registered "datacube.com" as the 68th oldest internet domain name in existence (now owned by an unaffiliated private individual).<ref name=dj /><ref>{{cite web | last=Raphael | first=J. R. | date=December 21, 2008 | url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/532545/oldest_domains.html | title=The Internet's 100 Oldest Dot-Com Domains | work=PC World | publisher=IDG Publications | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115101639/https://www.pcworld.com/article/532545/oldest_domains.html | archivedate=November 15, 2021}}</ref> In hardware, John Bloomfield was hired from Ampex.<ref name=convolutions>{{cite journal | last=Vaughan | first=Jack | date=January 9, 1992 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A11890523/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Datacube engineer does hardware convolutions | journal=EDN | publisher=UBM Canon | volume=37 | issue=1A | pages=1 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref> In 1990, the second tier of MaxVideo products was developed. Siegel began the company's first image warper, consisting of Addgen, Interp and XFS.<ref name=convolutions /><ref>{{cite journal | last=Casasent | first=David P. | date=February 1991 | url=https://spie.org/Publications/Proceedings/Volume/1381 | title=Intelligent Robots and Computer Vision IX: Algorithms and Techniques | journal=SPIE Proceedings | publisher=Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers | volume=1381 | pages=263–267 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20210116101216/https://spie.org/Publications/Proceedings/Volume/1381 | archivedate=January 16, 2021}}</ref> Bloomfield expanded the fixed 512 × 512 processing to include regions-of-interest (ROI) processing. He began developing with the new FPGAs from Xilinx.<ref name=dj /> Datacube's vertical integration of modular image processing boards established the company as a technology leader in real-time imaging.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Curran | first=Lawrence | date=August 10, 1989 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A7539014/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Datacube offers vertical integration | journal=Electronic Design | publisher= Endeavor Business Media | volume=37 | issue=17 | pages=43 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref><ref name=trend>{{cite journal | last=Curran | first=Lawrence | date=August 10, 1989 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A7539014/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=The imaging trend: higher resolution | journal=Electronic Design | publisher= Endeavor Business Media | volume=37 | issue=17 | pages=43 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref>
==MaxVideo 20 and 200 {{anchor|MaxVideo 20}}==
The next step was to condense up to a full rack of MaxVideo 10 hardware in a dual-slot VMEbus package, increase the pipeline to 20 MHz, maintain the modularity and flexibility and eliminate most of the MaxBus cables. After two years in development starting in 1988, the MaxVideo 20 was released in late 1990.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Lieberman | first=David | date=September 24, 1990 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A9471439/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Datacube tries a new shape | journal=Electronic Engineering Times | publisher= UBM LLC | issue=609 | pages=4 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref> This required a new 3-port image memory module based on the 72-pin SIMM form factor. Up to 6 SIMMs were used on each MaxVideo 20. The MaxVideo 20 also leveraged a new line of imaging chips from LSI Corporation, including a 32 × 32 digital crosspoint and an 8 × 8 20-MHz finite impulse response (FIR) filter. Dunn developed a new display controller, AG capable of up to 40 MHz display, and Erickson developed a new family of 20 MHz analog and flexible digital front ends, AS and AD. Dunn developed the color digitizer, AC. Another feature of the MaxVideo 20 was the new general processing ASIC, AU, developed by Dunn. This device contained many innovative linear, nonlinear and statistical imaging functions. Its architecture was to be the core of not only the MaxVideo 20 but the next generation imaging system as well. Built in the pre-RTL age of schematics, Dunn's AU ASIC incorporated booth multipliers designed by mathematician Steve Gabriel.<ref name=dj />
The memory SIMM was implemented with complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), FPGAs and graphics DRAM. It was limited to 1 MB of memory and required 14 devices tightly packed onto the SIMM.<ref name=dj /> Siegel developed VSIM, a fast and powerful ASIC to control high density SDRAMs.<ref name=ppb>{{cite journal | last=Andrews | first=Warren | date=December 1992 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A13319973/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Image processing gets price-performance boost | journal=Computer Design | publisher= PennWell Publishing | volume=31 | issue=12 | pages=62–64 | via=Gale}}</ref>{{rp|62}}
A number of MaxModule processing modules were developed for MaxVideo 20. One of these was Siegel's MiniWarper, a 20 MHz real-time warper based on a new ASIC design.<ref name=convolutions /> With the advent of MaxModules, it was now possible to implement an imaging function on a small and simple board with much less overhead than a full VME board.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Andrews | first=Warren | date=March 1992 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A12050178/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Standard buses gain ground in image processing | journal=Computer Design | publisher= PennWell Publishing | volume=31 | issue=3 | pages=83–90 | via=Gale}}</ref>{{rp|88–89}}
In early 1993, Datacube introduced the MaxVideo 200, their third entry in the MaxVideo line.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Mendelsohn | first=Alex | date=March 1994 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A15091813/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=A technical adventure in medical imaging | journal=Computer Design | publisher= PennWell Publishing | volume=33 | issue=3 | pages=97 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref> Powering the MaxVideo 200 is the D52, a 225,000-gate ASIC designed by Siegel that handles pipelines and image processing and permits the system to be expanded with conventional DRAM, on top of the 24 MB of graphics DRAM it possesses stock.<ref name=ppb />
==MaxPCI==
Until 1996, MaxVideo has been entirely VMEbus based. VMEbus and Unix had served markets well, but Pentium-based personal computers (PCs) with the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus were coming on strong. Over the span of two years, Datacube developed a version of MaxVideo for PCs. Released in 1996,<ref name=cots>{{cite web | last=Benton | first=Adrienne R. | author2=John Reardon | date=July 24, 2018 | url=https://www.cotsjournalonline.com/index.php/2018/07/24/maintaining-classic-legacy-systems/ | title=Maintaining classic legacy systems | work=COTS Journal | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201092803/https://www.cotsjournalonline.com/index.php/2018/07/24/maintaining-classic-legacy-systems/ | archivedate=December 1, 2021}}</ref> the MaxPCI had a processing speed of 40 MHz and featured a new, giant crosspoint ASIC: 50 x 40 x 8 with full ROI timing crosspoint and many imaging functions as well, developed by Erich Whitney. Dunn redesigned the AU ASIC to operate at 40 MHz and developed a new statistics unit. Tim Ganley developed the acquisition subsystem and Simmons developed a new family of 40 MHz analog and digital front-ends, QA and QD. For an integrated display, a VGA board from another imaging company, Univision was used. For a real-time disc solution, Shep developed NTD, a software solution for real-time disc access.<ref name=dj />
Meanwhile, Datacube recognized the need to better help its customers develop complex solutions in the medical, web inspection and machine vision markets. In 1994, three vertical integration development groups were formed.<ref name=pap /> Siegel headed Medical,<ref>{{cite journal | last=Mendelsohn | first=Alex | date=March 1994 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A15091813/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=A technical adventure in medical imaging | journal=Computer Design | publisher= PennWell Publishing | volume=33 | issue=3 | pages=97 ''et seq'' | via=Gale}}</ref> Simmons headed Web,<ref name=dj /> and Scott Roth headed Machine Vision. Each of these groups developed systems for OEMs in their respective markets.<ref name=pap />
==MaxVision Toolkit==
In 1995,<ref>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=May 1995 | url=https://www.lionhrtpub.com/IM/IMsubs/IM-5-95/news.html | title=News in Brief | journal=Intelligent Manufacturing | publisher=Lionheart Publishing | volume=1 | issue=5 | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/19981203045645/https://www.lionhrtpub.com/IM/IMsubs/IM-5-95/news.html | archivedate=December 3, 1998}}</ref> the machine vision group produced the MaxVision Toolkit, a software library for image acquisition, object finding, metrology, inspection functions and camera calibration. More specifically, the Toolkit provided image acquisition (normalized correlation and connectivity), metrology tools (line fitting, arc fitting and edge locators), inspection tools (golden template, pixel counting and histogramming), image processing tools (Sobel edge filters, cross-gradient edge filters, threshold operations, morphology, image arithmetic, image copy, X and Y projections and convolutions) and high accuracy calibration that corrected for perspective distortion. Swami Manickam, Scott Roth and Tom Bushman of the machine vision group developed a significant tool called VsFind which performed intelligent normalized grayscale correlation that is invariant to rotation, scaling, and perspective distortion.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Eggleston | first=Peter | date=February 2000 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A60899883/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Rapidly-deployable 100% Inspection Solutions | journal=Advanced Imaging | publisher= Cygnus Business Media | volume=15 | issue=2 | page=39 | via=Gale}}</ref>
In 1997,<ref name=nelson /> Datacube designed and manufactured a single-board image processor with an embedded PowerPC 603e CPU for the VMEbus, called mvPower.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Child | first=Jeff | date=July 20, 1998 | url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A20992457/GPS?sid=wikipedia | title=Image Processing Boards Leverage PCI and Multimedia Technology | journal=Electronic Design | publisher= Endeavor Business Media | volume=46 | issue=17 | page=77 | via=Gale}}</ref> Using mvPower, Datacube introduced MvTD, a compact machine-vision system, in the same year.<ref>{{cite journal | last=Staff writer | date=June 1997 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-VErAQAAMAAJ | title=Machine Vision System | journal=Lasers & Optronics | publisher=Reed Business Information | volume=16 | issue=6 | page=8 | via=Google Books}}</ref> Shortly afterward, Datacube created the mvPower-PCI with similar specifications as mvPower for VME. Both boards used Datacube ASICs for custom image processing and image acquisition.<ref name=nelson>{{cite journal | last=Nelson | first=Rick | date=December 1, 1997 | url=https://www.vision-systems.com/boards-software/article/16736965/dsp-based-processing-boards-boost-output | title=DSP-based processing boards boost output | journal=Vision Systems Design | publisher=Endeavor Business Media | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20240811013547/https://www.vision-systems.com/boards-software/article/16736965/dsp-based-processing-boards-boost-output | archivedate=August 11, 2024}}</ref>
==Decline and shutdown== Datacube was always a hardware-centric company; when CPUs were in the 100–1000 MIPS range, Datacube's 1000–10000 solutions were considered more useful. When CPUs and multi-core CPUs began to exceed 1000 MIPS, however, Datacube solutions were no longer needed, except for the very highest-end applications, whose profits were not adequate to sustain a business.<ref name=dj /> In 2005, after years of steady decline, Datacube's remaining intellectual property, comprising the VMEbus- and PCI-based MaxVideo products, were sold to Shearwater Technology, Inc.<ref name=cots />
== References == {{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
==Works cited== * {{cite book | last=Fountain | first=T. J. | date=1994 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dlK6YuO7Y4C | title=Parallel Computing: Principles and Practice | publisher=Cambridge University Press | page=226 | isbn=9780521451314 | via=Google Books}}
==Further reading== * {{cite journal | last=Myrvaagnes | first=Rodney | date=July 1, 1988 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NMYpAQAAMAAJ | title=Image Processing: Ready for the Real World | journal=Electronic Products | publisher=Hearst Corporation | volume=31 | issue=3 | pages=26–34 | via=Google Books}}
==External links== * {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961102022715/http://www.datacube.com/|date=November 2, 1996|title=Official website}} * [https://sls.smugmug.com/Professional/Datacube Photos of Datacube Inc.] on SmugMug * [https://web.archive.org/web/20010725002245/http://www.mv.com/ipusers/flatrock/mv85.html MaxVideo paper] from ''Electronic Imaging'', 1985
Category:1978 establishments in Massachusetts Category:2005 disestablishments in Massachusetts Category:American companies established in 1978 Category:American companies disestablished in 2005 Category:Computer companies established in 1978 Category:Computer companies disestablished in 2005 Category:Defunct computer companies based in Massachusetts Category:Defunct computer companies of the United States Category:Defunct computer hardware companies Category:Technology companies established in 1978 Category:Technology companies disestablished in 2005