{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}} {{for|the former seminary at the Darlington estate in Mahwah, NJ|Crocker-McMillin Mansion}} {{Infobox school | image = Darlington Seminary (History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with genealogical and biographical sketches, 1881).png | alt = B&W illustration of the school and grounds, as well as 3 students. | caption = 1881 | location = West Chester, Pennsylvania. U.S. | former_name = Ercildoun Seminary | type = nonsectarian single-sex boarding school | established = 1851 | founder = Smedley Darlington | gender = Female }} '''Darlington Seminary''' (originally, '''Ercildoun Seminary'''; secondly, '''Ercildoun Seminary for Young Ladies''') was a nonsectarian single-sex boarding school in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was the largest private school in the county, and one of the largest in Eastern Pennsylvania. Established in Ercildoun in 1851 as Ercildoun Seminary, it was renamed Darlington Seminary after its move to West Chester in 1877 following the destruction caused by the tornado of July 1st.<ref name="Britannica1911">{{cite book |title=The Encyclopædia Britannica: Vetch-Zymotic Diseases |date=1911 |publisher=At the University Press |page=537 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dQ706nDmudwC&pg=PA537 |access-date=5 February 2024 |language=en |chapter=West Chester}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref><ref name="FutheyCope1881">{{cite book |last1=Futhey |first1=J. Smith |last2=Cope |first2=Gilbert |title=History of Chester County, Pennsylvania, with Genealogical and Biographical Sketches |date=1881 |publisher=L. H. Everts |pages=306, 460, 515 |url=https://archive.org/details/cu31924005813518/page/n417 |via=Internet Archive |access-date=5 February 2024 |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref>
Ercildoun Seminary was founded in 1851 by Smedley Darlington as a boys' school but soon thereafter was changed to one exclusively for girls. Richard Darlington, Ph.D., a younger brother, purchased the school from Smedley Darlington in 1861 and conducted Ercildoun Seminary until 1877 when a tornado occurred which almost completely destroyed the school property in the summer of 1877. Later in the year, Dr. Darlington moved the institution to a location just outside the Borough of West Chester, and with the move, renamed the institution as Darlington Seminary. Darlington educated thousands of young women from every part of the country, the school being one of the most successful for girls in the Eastern part of Pennsylvania. Dr. Darlington sold the school in 1901 to Frank Paxson Bye, who incorporated the school under the name of The Darlington Seminary.<ref name="Britannica1911" /><ref name="FutheyCope1881" /> By 1941, the institution had become a vocational school for girls.
==Ercildoun== thumb|Ercildoun Seminary, after the tornado of July 1, 1877 Ercildoun Seminary for Young Ladies was founded by Smedley Darlington in 1851, in Ercildoun, Pennsylvania. It was conducted as a boys' school for three years, at which time, it was converted into a school for young ladies.<ref name="FutheyCope1881" />
Smedley Darlington was succeeded in 1861 by his brother, Richard Darlington Jr. who bought the Ercildoun Seminary for Young Ladies. While at Ercildoun, the school had over 1,200 boarders.<ref name="FutheyCope1881" />
The large school buildings were nearly demolished by a tornado in July 1877, including also a new dwelling in under construction, which was injured. The unfinished dwelling was entirely demolished. The trees in the lawn were in many instances either overthrown or the tops were twisted off. A potato patch in the rear of the dwelling was rendered entirely bare, all of the new growth being scraped off by the friction of the storm-cloud. The injury to the Ercildoun Seminary property was over {{USD|10000}}.<ref name="FutheyCope1881" />
==West Chester== thumb|Class of 1903 thumb|Class of 1904 thumb|Classroom, 1905 In that year, Darlington purchased a property {{convert|.75|miles}} southwest of West Chester, along the Wissahickon Creek,<ref name="TheTelephoneNews1912">{{cite news |last1=Greenfield |first1=F. J. |title=Brief History of West Chester, Pa. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UX1NAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA8-PA11 |access-date=5 February 2024 |work=The Telephone News |publisher=Bell Telephone |date=15 May 1912 |page=11 |volume=8 |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref> to which he removed the school in October.
The following year, Darlington Seminary began its 24th school year. The grounds were beautiful and included {{convert|26|acres}}, with fruit and ornamental shade trees. The curriculum included languages, music, drawing, and painting.<ref name="TheAmerican1897">{{cite journal |editor1-last=Shaw |editor1-first=Albert |title=Academical and Preparatory, Girls. |journal=The American Monthly Review of Reviews: An Internat. Magazine |date=September 1897 |volume=16 |issue=92 |page=247 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jWRZmt77hP0C&pg=PA247 |access-date=5 February 2024 |publisher=Review of Reviews Company |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref> Though the school buildings had the capacity for about 60 boarders, they were frequently unable to accommodate all who desired to attend. Four teachers were employed, and the pupils came from all over the U.S.<ref name="FutheyCope1881" /> Pupils, on completing the full course of study, received diplomas.<ref name="Friends1879">{{cite journal |title=Darlington Seminary for Young Ladies |journal=Friends' Intelligencer |date=1879 |page=54 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GztJAAAAYAAJ&pg=PT54 |access-date=5 February 2024 |publisher=Wm. W. Moore |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref>
While still flourishing, Dr. Darlington sold the school in 1901 to Frank P. Bye, at one time Superintendent of Schools in Chester County, Pennsylvania. Under Bye's supervision, it became incorporated under the name of The Darlington Seminary.<ref name="Heathcote1926">{{cite book |last1=Heathcote |first1=Charles William |title=History of Chester County, Pennsylvania |date=1926 |publisher=H. F. Temple |pages=104–05 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rLLr11GdT5kC&pg=PA104 |access-date=5 February 2024 |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref>
In 1905, the school celebrated its 55 years of operation with Bye as president.<ref name="Golden1905">{{cite book |title=Golden Jubilee Celebration: Official Souvenir Program : 1855–1905 |date=1905 |publisher=Village Record |page=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SfM1AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA5 |access-date=5 February 2024 |language=en}} {{Source-attribution}}</ref>
By 1941, the institution had become a vocational school for girls.<ref name="TheEveningSun1941">{{cite news |title=Named Music Teacher at Darlington Seminary. |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-evening-sun-named-music-teacher-at-d/140319470/ |access-date=5 February 2024 |work=The Evening Sun |via=Newspapers.com |date=29 May 1941 |location=Hanover, Pennsylvania |page=4}}</ref>
==Legacy== Biographical and historical documents regarding Ercildoun Seminary and Darlington Seminary are held by Friends Historical Library of Swarthmore College Library.<ref name="brynmawr">{{cite web |title=Ercildoun Seminary (Ercildoun, PA) – Archives & Manuscripts |url=https://archives.tricolib.brynmawr.edu/repositories/7/archival_objects/634851 |website=archives.tricolib.brynmawr.edu |access-date=5 February 2024}}</ref>
==Notable people== ===Alumni=== * Margaret F. Butler (1861-1931), physician * Isabel Darlington (1865-1950), lawyer * Sara Haines Smith Hoge 1864–1939), temperance advocate * Pauline Moore (1914-2001), actress
===Faculty=== * George Cope (artist) (1855-1929), painter
==References== {{reflist|30em}}
Category:1851 establishments in Pennsylvania Category:Schools in Chester County, Pennsylvania Category:West Chester, Pennsylvania Category:Defunct girls' schools in the United States Category:Defunct boarding schools in the United States Category:Defunct schools in Pennsylvania Category:Defunct private schools in the United States Category:History of women in Pennsylvania