Darende

{{Infobox Turkey place | type = metro district | name = Darende | image_skyline = Darende.JPG | image_caption = | image_map = Malatya location Darende.png | map_caption = Map showing Darende District in Malatya Province | coordinates = {{coord|38|32|50|N|37|30|40|E|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | province = Malatya | leader_party = AKP | leader_name = İsa Özkan<ref>{{cite web |title=Darende Belediye Başkanı İsa Özkan |url=http://www.darende.bel.tr/baskan_ozgecmis.php?KId=1 |website=T.C. Darende Belediyesi |access-date=30 August 2021 |language=tr |archive-date=13 May 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110513140253/http://www.darende.bel.tr/baskan_ozgecmis.php?KId=1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> | leader_name1 = | area_total_km2 = 1482 | elevation_m = 958 | population_footnotes = <ref name=tuik/> | population_total = 24588 | population_as_of = 2022 | postal_code = 44700 | area_code = 0422 | website = {{url|http://www.darende.bel.tr/}} }} '''Darende''' ({{langx|tr|Darende}} {{IPA|tr|daɾændæ||Darende-pronounciation.ogg}}) is a municipality and district of Malatya Province, Turkey.<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706215822/https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx |date=2015-07-06 }}, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.</ref> Its area is 1,482 km<sup>2</sup>,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.harita.gov.tr/uploads/files-folder/il_ilce_alanlari.xlsx|title=İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri|publisher=General Directorate of Mapping|access-date=19 September 2023}}</ref> and its population is 24,588 (2022).<ref name=tuik>{{Cite web |title=Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports|url=https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=95&locale=en |access-date=19 September 2023|publisher=TÜİK|language=en|format=XLS}}</ref> It lies {{convert|74|km|mi}} to the northwest of Malatya,<ref>{{cite web |title=Distance from Darende to Malatya |url=https://www.distancecalculator.net/from-darende-to-malatya |website=Distance Calculator |access-date=30 August 2021}}</ref> {{convert|140|km|mi}} south of Sivas,<ref>{{cite web |title=Distance from Darende to Sivas |url=https://www.distancecalculator.net/from-darende-to-sivas |website=Distance Calculator |access-date=30 August 2021}}</ref> {{convert|180|km|mi}} east of Kayseri.<ref>{{cite web |title=Distance from Darende to Kayseri |url=https://www.distancecalculator.net/from-darende-to-kayseri |website=Distance Calculator |access-date=30 August 2021}}</ref>

==History== Darende had been known by various names including ''Taranda/Daranda'',<ref>{{cite web |last1=Nişanyan |first1=Sevan |title=Index Anatolicus: Darende |url=https://nisanyanyeradlari.com/?yer=36158&haritasi=darende |website=Nişanyan Yer Adları |access-date=25 January 2024 |language=tr}}</ref> and ''Derindere''.<ref name="first">{{cite book |last1=Karacan |first1=Osman |last2=Kartal |first2=Kâzım |title=Tarih ve Toplum Araştırmaları |chapter=1261 ve 1265 tarihli Darende cizye defterine göre gayrimüslimlerin sosyo-ekonomik yapısı |language=tr |year=2020 | editor-first1=Kâzım |editor-last1=Kartal |publisher=Sonçağ Akademi |pages=103–124}}</ref> It has been presumed that the district had been inhabited since 7000-5000 BC<ref name="second">{{cite journal |last1=Elibüyük |first1=Mesut |title=Malatya İli Yerleşmelerinin Tarihsel Dönemlere Göre Coğrafi Dağılışı |journal=Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi |date=2013 |volume=53 |issue=1 |pages=198 |language=tr}}</ref><ref name="first"/> due to the estimations made for the nearby archaeological sites such as Arslantepe<ref name="second"/> and Cafer Höyük.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Karataş |first1=İbrahim Atilla |title=Malatya’nın Turizm Potansiyelinin Ortaya Çıkarılmasına Yönelik Algılar |journal=Anemon Muş Alparslan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi |date=2018 |volume=6 |page=92 |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/anemon/article/290700 |access-date=30 August 2021 |language=tr}}</ref>

thumb|Hittite lion statues<ref name="lionStatues"/>

The first known administrative unit in Darende was reportedly established by Hittites.<ref name="first"/> One of the Hittites remains within the district is a pair of lion statues residing around ''Arslantaş'' region, the west of Darende.<ref name="lionStatues">{{cite journal |last1=Elibüyük |first1=Mesut |title=Malatya İli Yerleşmelerinin Tarihsel Dönemlere Göre Coğrafi Dağılışı |journal=Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi |date=2013 |volume=53 |issue=1 |page=198 |url=http://dtcfdergisi.ankara.edu.tr/index.php/dtcf/article/view/535/409 |access-date=2 September 2021 |language=tr |archive-date=2 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210902200628/http://dtcfdergisi.ankara.edu.tr/index.php/dtcf/article/view/535/409 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In chronological order, the governance to date was controlled by Hittites, Mitanni, Assyrians, Achaemenids, Romans, Byzantines, Umayyads, Abbasids, Seljuks, Danishmends, Rum Seljuks, Ilkhanids, Eretnids, Dulkadirids, Mamluks and Ottomans.<ref name="first"/>

Due to the configuration of the natural canyons surrounding the district (e.g. Tohma Canyon), the district has been reported to be one of the hops residing on trade, migration and military routes connecting various neighbouring regions; as an example, Šuppiluliuma I, who expanded Hittites across the Mediterranean and the Mesopotamia against Egyptian Empire, had been using the district to access the south,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Oğuz |first1=Mevlüt |title=Malatya Tarihi |date=1985 |page=68 |language=tr}}</ref> and Basil I had been carried out his expeditions against Muslims over the district.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Eskikurt |first1=Adnan |title=7. VE 12. YÜZYILLAR ARASINDA ANADOLU’YU KATEDEN BAZI ASKERÎ SEFERLER VE GÜZERGÂHLARI |journal=Tarih Okulu Dergisi |date=2014 |volume=7 |page=41 |doi=10.14225/Joh622 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.14225/Joh622 |access-date=30 August 2021|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

During the Roman reign of 200 AD, Darende was one of the Roman settlements<ref>{{cite book |last1=Akgündüz |first1=Ahmed |last2=Öztürk |first2=Said |last3=Baş |first3=Yaşar |title=Darende Tarihi |date=2002 |publisher=Es-Seyyid Osman Hulusi Efendi Vakfı |location=İstanbul |pages=58–68 |language=tr}}</ref> which was deduced from the records that the Roman Emperor Trajan had transformed the neighbouring encampment of Melitene into a municipium against the Parthian Empire during the same period.<ref name="Romans">{{cite journal |last1=Sağ |first1=Mustafa Kaan |last2=Eyupgiller |first2=Kemal |title=A Forgotten Roman Mausoleum In Darende, Malatya: The Architectural Features and Conservation Issues of the Ozan Monument |journal=Art-Sanat |date=2020 |volume=14 |page=390 |doi=10.26650/artsanat.2020.14.0015|doi-access=free }}</ref> One of the Roman sites within the district is the Ozan Monument<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bell |first1=Gertrude |title=Photographs N_184 |url=http://www.gerty.ncl.ac.uk/photo_details.php?photo_id=3765 |website=Gertrude Bell Archive |publisher=Newcastle University |access-date=31 August 2021}}</ref> which is a single-chamber mausoleum dating back either 200 AD<ref name="Romans"/> or 50 AD,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kaplan |first1=Deniz |last2=Alkan |first2=Ali |last3=Koçak |first3=Ethem |title=Kappadokia'da Bir Anıt: Ozan Köyü Anıt Mezarı ve Legio XII Fulminata |journal=OLBA |date=2021 |volume=XXIX |page=279 |url=https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1798163 |access-date=31 August 2021 |language=tr}}</ref> presumably a popular monument style in Anatolia during the Hellenistic Period.

Early Muslim conquests reached the region during Caliph Omar's reign and the district was conquered by Habib ibn Maslama for a short period of time, and it was reconquered by the same commander during Mu'awiya I's reign around 653–654.<ref name="bishop"/> Between 7th and 12th centuries, the administration of the district had changed hands rather frequently; however, Darende seems not to be noted until, for the first time, ''Taranta'' had been registered as a bishop under the metropolitan bishop of ''Melitene'' in the 13th Notitiae Episcopatuum (12th century).<ref name="bishop">{{cite book |editor-last1=Başkan |editor-first1=Yahya |editor-last2=Zengin |editor-first2=Murat |editor-last3=Yazıcı |editor-first3=Orhan |editor-last4=Karacan |editor-first4=Osman |last=Güneş |first=Cüneyt |chapter=Notitia Episcopatuum (Kilise Kayıtlarına) Göre Melitene Metropolitliği ve Bu Metropolitliğe Bağlı Piskoposluklar Hakkında (VII.-XI. Yüzyıllar) |date=2020 |title=Ortaçağ'da Malatya |location=Malatya |publisher=BİLSAM Yayınları |page=49,50,58 |isbn=978-605-60825-2-8 |language=tr }}</ref>

==Composition== There are 67 neighbourhoods in Darende District:<ref>[https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx Mahalle] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706215822/https://www.e-icisleri.gov.tr/Anasayfa/MulkiIdariBolumleri.aspx |date=2015-07-06 }}, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.</ref> {{div col|colwidth=12em}} * Ağılbaşı * Ağılyazı * Akbaba * Akçatoprak * Akova * Aşağıulupınar * Ayvalı * Balaban * Barındır * Başkaya * Baytarbağı * Beybağı * Çaybaşı * Çınar * Çukurkaya * Gaziköy * Gökçeören * Gökyar * Göllüce * Güdül * Günerli * Günpınar * Hacı Derviş * Hacılar Şeyhli * Hacılar Sıragoz * Hacolar * Heyiketeği * Hisarcık * Hisarkale * İbrahimpaşa * Ilıca * Irmaklı * Kaldırım * Karabacak * Karabayır * Karaoğuz * Kavak * Kaynak * Kerimli * Kılıçbağı * Kölükler * Kurudere * Kuzpınar * Medişeyh * Mehmetpaşa * Mollauşağı * Nadir * Nurkuyusu * Ozan * Palanga * Sakarya * Sandıkkaya * Sayfiye * Şendere * Şuğul * Sungur * Üçpınar * Uzunhasan * Yarımca * Yavuzlar * Yazıköy * Yenice * Yeniköy * Yenipınar * Yeşiltaş * Yukarıulupınar * Zaviye {{div col end}}

==Demographics== Evliya Çelebi claimed that the town's population was wholly made up of Armenians and Turkomans at the time of his travels.<ref>{{cite book |title=Evliyâ Çelebi Seyahatnâmesi: III |page=202 |url=https://archive.org/details/EvliyelebiSeyahatnmesiIII/page/n201/mode/2up |access-date=17 October 2022}}</ref>

==Culture==

===Folk music===

A metadata analysis on Turkish folk music in Darende has reported twelve ballads of the district:<ref name="songs">{{cite thesis |last=Karaburun |first=Derya |date=2011 |title=Malatya yöresel müziğinin ilçelere göre dağilimi ve incelenmesi |publisher=İnönü Üniversitesi |pages=47,78 |language=tr}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" |+ Darende ballads<ref name="songs"/> |- ! Ballad !! Turkish makam !! Compiler |- | ''Arpa derdim süt iken'' || Hüseyni || Muzaffer Sarısözen |- | ''Çık daldan erik devşir'' || Uşşâk || Nazmi Özalp |- | ''Değirmenin postu dar'' || Hüseyni || Muzaffer Sarısözen |- | ''Değirmen üstü çiçek'' || Muhayyer || Ahmet Yamacı/Turhan Karabulut |- | ''Dereden duman galktı'' || Hüseyni || Yücel Paşmakçı |- | ''Elinde de şişe'' || Hüseyni || Muzaffer Sarısözen |- | ''Eğer yârin sana yaran olursa'' || Muhayyer || Yücel Paşmakçı |- | ''Kırmızı gül goncasını'' || Nikriz || Turhan Karabulut |- | ''Sabahınan sabahınan'' || Hüseyni || Muzaffer Sarısözen |- | ''Su içtim yudum yudum'' || Hüseyni || Nazmi Özalp |- | ''Su gelir lüle lüle'' || Muhayyer || Muzaffer Sarısözen |- | ''Sarı çiçek sarardıyı dağları'' || Hüseyni || Nazmi Özalp |}

===Language of ''Hazeyince''===

Within the circles of craftsman and little artisan of Darende, a cryptolect (mini secret language) called ''Hazeyince''/''Hazeynce'' had been emerged and being used to date.<ref name="hazeyince">{{cite conference | title = Darende'de konuşulan gizli dil üzerine notlar | last1 = Gülensoy | first1 = Tuncer | date = 1988 | publisher = | book-title = II. Battal Gazi ve Malatya Çevresi Halk Kültürü Sempozyumu Tebliğler | pages = 136–139 | location = İstanbul | language = tr }}</ref> The vocabulary of the cant fetched words from various languages such as Arabic, Persian and Russian, and merged into the Turkish grammar in order to exclude people outside of the circle during communications when necessary.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Gülseren |first1=Cemil |title=Darende'nin Gizli Dili Hazeynce |journal=Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi |date=2001 |volume=II |issue=2 |page=159 |language=tr}}</ref>

===Festivals===

One of the traditional-summer festivals being held in Darende is the ''Zengibar Karakucak Wrestling Festival'',<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Solmaz |first1=Fatih |title=Potansiyel Bir Tarih ve Kültür Turizmi Merkezi Örneği Olarak Malatya |journal=Academic Knowledge |volume=3 |issue=2 |page=116 |language=tr}}</ref> which is a Oguz-Turkic folk wrestling style.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bakhrevskiy |first1=Eugeniy |title=History and actual image of oil wrestling |journal=International Journal of Ethnosport and Traditional Games |date=2019 |volume=2 |issue=2 |page=19 |doi=10.34685/HI.2020.75.15.002}}</ref>

==Notable people== *Somuncu Baba (1331–1412), Ascetic Islamic preacher *Darendeli Cebecizade Mehmed Pasha (1714-1784), Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire *Darendeli Topal Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1723-1784) Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire *Topal Izzet Mehmed Pasha (1792–1855), Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire

==References== {{reflist}}

Category:Populated places in Malatya Province Category:Districts of Malatya Province Category:Metropolitan district municipalities in Turkey Category:Former Armenian communities in Turkey