{{Infobox settlement |name = Daozhen County |native_name = 道真县 |native_name_lang = zh-Hans |official_name = {{nobold|{{lang|zh-cn|道真仡佬族苗族自治县}}}}<br/>Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County |postal_code_type= Postal code |settlement_type = Autonomous county |image_skyline = |image_map = File:ChinaZuinyiDaozhen.png |map_caption = Daozhen is the northernmost division in this map of Zunyi |image_map1 = Location of Zunyi Prefecture within Guizhou (China).png |map_caption1 = Zunyi in Guizhou |coordinates = {{coord|28.8625|N|107.6131|E|type:adm3rd_region:CN-52_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}} |coor_pinpoint = Daozhen County government |pushpin_map = Guizhou#Southwest China |pushpin_label = Daozhen |pushpin_map_caption = Location of the seat in Guizhou |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = China |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Guizhou |subdivision_type2 = Prefecture-level city |subdivision_name2 = Zunyi | seat_type = County seat | seat = Yinzhen Subdistrict |area_total_km2 = 2157.50 |population_total = 243846 |population_as_of = 2020 census |population_density_km2 = auto |population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |url = http://tjj.zunyi.gov.cn/zfxxgk/fdzdgknr/tjxx_5711466/tjgb_5711467/202106/t20210616_68516402.html |title = 遵义市第七次全国人口普查公报 |publisher = Government of Zunyi |language = zh |date = 2021-05-31 |access-date = 2023-09-10 |archive-date = 2022-07-07 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220707225305/http://tjj.zunyi.gov.cn/zfxxgk/fdzdgknr/tjxx_5711466/tjgb_5711467/202106/t20210616_68516402.html |url-status = dead }}</ref> |elevation_m = |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +08:00 |website = {{URL|http://www.gzdaozhen.gov.cn/}} }} '''Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County''' ({{zh|s=道真仡佬族苗族自治县 |t=道真仡佬族苗族自治縣 |p=Dàozhēn Gēlǎozú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn}}; usually referred to as "'''Daozhen County'''" ({{zh|s=道真县|t=道真縣|labels=no}}), is a county in northernmost Guizhou province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Zunyi. Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is surrounded by Chongqing on the north, Zheng'an County on the southwest, and Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County on the southeast. The county covers {{convert|2156|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, as of 2018, it has a census registered population of 352,149.<ref name="bee">{{cite news |url=http://www.gzdaozhen.gov.cn/zjdz/rkjy/ |script-title=zh:人口就业 |work=gzdaozhen.gov.cn |date=28 February 2020 |access-date=12 November 2020 |language=zh |archive-date=12 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112222038/http://www.gzdaozhen.gov.cn/zjdz/rkjy/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The county has one subdistrict, eleven towns, one ethnic township and two townships under its jurisdiction, the county seat is Yinzhen Subdistrict.
==Etymology== The name of "Yinzhen" is named after the courtesy name "Daozhen" ({{zh|s=道真|p=|labels=no}}) of Yin Zhen ({{zh|s=尹珍|p=|labels=no}}), a Confucian scholar who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220) and was one of "Three Sages of Han in Guizhou", the other two were She Ren ({{zh|s=舍人|p=|labels=no}}) and Sheng Lan ({{zh|s=盛览|p=|labels=no}}).<ref name="cat">{{cite news|url=https://dy.163.com/article/FOLJ90KK054403ZR.html |script-title=zh:道真，为纪念贵州最伟大的教育家而设立的县，是中国傩戏之乡 |work=163.com |date=11 October 2020 |access-date=12 November 2020 |language=zh}}</ref>
==History== After conquering all the states, Emperor Qin Shi Huang implemented the system of prefectures and counties in 221 BC. Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County came under the jurisdiction of Ba Commandery ({{zh|s=巴郡|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}}
In the Western Han dynasty (206 BC–8 AD), it belonged to Fuling County ({{zh|s=涪陵县|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}}
In 221, the county under the control of Shu Han (221–263).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}}
After the Disaster of Yongjia in 311, local ethnic groups resisted full subjugation and the central government lost its jurisdiction.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}}
In 564, Feng Zhou ({{zh|s=奉州|p=|labels=no}}) was formed after the native ruler Tian Sihe ({{zh|s=田思鹤|p=|labels=no}}) made agreements with the Northern Zhou Empire (557–581). Ten years later it was renamed "Qian Zhou" ({{zh|s=黔州|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}}
After China was reunified during the Sui dynasty (589–618), Xin'an County ({{zh|s=信安县|p=|labels=no}}) was formed and under the administration of Mingyang Commandery ({{zh|s=明阳郡|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}}
Under the Tang dynasty (618–907), its name was replaced by "Xinning County" ({{zh|s=信宁县|p=|labels=no}}) and under the administration of Yi Zhou ({{zh|s=义州|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}} It came under the jurisdiction of Qian Zhou ({{zh|s=黔州|p=|labels=no}}) in 673, Zhen Zhou ({{zh|s=珍州|p=|labels=no}}) in 642 and later Zhen Zhou ({{zh|s=溱州|p=|labels=no}}) in 807.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}} After the fall of Tang dynasty, the central government lost its jurisdiction again.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=40}}
In 965, the native leader Tian Jingqian ({{zh|s=田景迁|p=|labels=no}}) paid allegiance to the Emperor Taizong, who declared the new Qiande period of the Song dynasty (960–1279) five years ago.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}} Its name was changed to Gao Zhou ({{zh|s高州=|p=|labels=no}}) in 968 and restored the former name "Zhen Zhou" ({{zh|s=珍州|p=|labels=no}}) in 1108.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}} In 1274, it was under jurisdiction of Bo Zhou ({{zh|s=播州|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}}
In 1363, Ming Yuzhen founded the Ming Xia in southwest China during the chaotic late Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), the name was changed to "Zhen Zhou" ({{zh|s=真州|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}}
In 1372, Yang Keng ({{zh|s=杨铿|p=|labels=no}}), the top local official, paid allegiance to Hongwu Emperor, who set up the Ming dynasty (1368–1644) four years ago.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}} It came under the jurisdiction of Sichuan ''Buzhengshisi'' ({{zh|s=四川布政使司|p=|labels=no}}) and later Guizhou ''Buzhengshisi'' ({{zh|s=贵州布政使司|p=|labels=no}}) in 1382.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}} In 1600, local government known as "Bozhou Xuanweisi" ({{zh|s=播州宣慰司|p=|labels=no}}) rose in rebellion against the central government.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}} Wanli Emperor sent troops to pacify the rebellion. Zhen'an Zhou ({{zh|s=真安州|p=|labels=no}}) was split from "Bozhou Xuanweisi" after the rebellion was suppressed.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}}
In 1724, in the ruling of Yongzheng Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), it was renamed "Zheng'an Zhou" ({{zh|s=正安州|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}}
In July 1914, Zheng'an Zhou was revoked and Daozhen County was set up.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=41}}
On December 21, 1949, the Communists took over Daozhen County.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=43}} It came under the jurisdiction of Zunyi Special District ({{zh|s=遵义专区|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=43}} In December 1958, Daozhen County was revoked and merged into Zheng'an County. Daozhen County was restored in August 1961. In November 1987 it became an autonomous county known as "Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County" approved by the State Council of China.<ref>{{cite news |title=贵州道真仡佬族苗族自治县庆祝建县30周年_手机凤凰网 |url=http://ifinance.ifeng.com/15764928/news.shtml |access-date=19 February 2024 |work=ifinance.ifeng.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=贵州道真仡佬族苗族自治县庆祝建县30周年-中国新闻网 |url=https://www.chinanews.com.cn/m/gn/2017/11-03/8367493.shtml |access-date=19 February 2024 |work=www.chinanews.com.cn}}</ref>
==Administrative division== Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County has one subdistrict, eleven towns, one ethnic township and two townships under its jurisdiction.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/tjbz/tjyqhdmhcxhfdm/2023/52/03/520325.html|script-title=zh:2023年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：道真仡佬族苗族自治县| publisher = National Bureau of Statistics of China| language = zh-hans| access-date =}}</ref> The county seat is Yinzhen Subdistrict. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Name !! Chinese character !! Area (Km2) !! Population (2015) !! Notes |- | Yinzhen Subdistrict || {{lang|zh|尹珍街道}} || || || |- | Yuxi || {{lang|zh|玉溪镇}} || 245.89 || 76,000 || |- | Sanjiang || {{lang|zh|三江镇}} || 74.95 || 15,000 || |- | Longxing || {{lang|zh|隆兴镇}} || 167.52 || 32,100 || |- | Jiucheng || {{lang|zh|旧城镇}} || 167 || 26,000 || |- | Zhongxin || {{lang|zh|忠信镇}} || 155.66 || 22,000 || |- | Luolong || {{lang|zh|洛龙镇}} || 226.36 || 20,000 || |- | Yangxi || {{lang|zh|阳溪镇}} || 185.4 || 13,000 || |- | Sanqiao || {{lang|zh|三桥镇}} || 229.2 || 30,000 || |- | Daqian || {{lang|zh|大磏镇}} || 192.8 || 25,000 || |- | Pingmu || {{lang|zh|平模镇}} || 90.6 || 20,000 || |- | Hekou || {{lang|zh|河口镇}} || 138.16 || 15,000 || |- | Zongping Township || {{lang|zh-Hans|棕坪乡}} || 77.12 || 14,000 || |- | Taoyuan Township || {{lang|zh|桃源乡}} || 106.15 || 10,000 || |- | Shangba Tujia Ethnic Township || {{lang|zh|上坝土家族乡}} || 99.67 || 18,000 || |}
==Geography== Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is located in northern Guizhou province.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=1}} Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County shares a border with Chongqing on the north, Zheng'an County on the southwest, and Wuchuan Gelao and Miao Autonomous County on the southeast.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=1}} The county has a combined area of {{convert|2156|km2|adj=on}}, of which {{convert|2111|km2|adj=on}} is land and {{convert|45|km2|adj=on}} is covered by water.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=2}}
===Climate=== Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is in the subtropical humid monsoon climate zone, with an average annual temperature of {{convert|16.9|C}}, total annual rainfall of {{convert|926.8|mm|adj=on}}, a frost-free period of 270 days and annual average sunshine hours in 1059.9 hours.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=8}}
{{Weather box|width=auto |metric first=y |single line=y |collapsed = Y |location = Daozhen, elevation {{convert|686|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) |Jan high C = 8.4 |Feb high C = 11.1 |Mar high C = 16.0 |Apr high C = 21.6 |May high C = 25.2 |Jun high C = 27.9 |Jul high C = 31.3 |Aug high C = 31.4 |Sep high C = 26.9 |Oct high C = 20.7 |Nov high C = 16.0 |Dec high C = 10.3 |Jan mean C = 5.4 |Feb mean C = 7.5 |Mar mean C = 11.5 |Apr mean C = 16.5 |May mean C = 20.2 |Jun mean C = 23.3 |Jul mean C = 26.2 |Aug mean C = 25.8 |Sep mean C = 21.9 |Oct mean C = 16.7 |Nov mean C = 12.0 |Dec mean C = 7.0 |Jan low C = 3.2 |Feb low C = 5.0 |Mar low C = 8.5 |Apr low C = 13.0 |May low C = 16.6 |Jun low C = 20.0 |Jul low C = 22.4 |Aug low C = 21.8 |Sep low C = 18.5 |Oct low C = 14.2 |Nov low C = 9.5 |Dec low C = 4.7 |Jan record high C = 20.8 |Jan record low C = −4.3 |Feb record high C = 30.6 |Feb record low C = −3.4 |Mar record high C = 33.3 |Mar record low C = −3.9 |Apr record high C = 34.4 |Apr record low C = 3.9 |May record high C = 35.4 |May record low C = 8.5 |Jun record high C = 35.8 |Jun record low C = 13.1 |Jul record high C = 38.2 |Jul record low C = 15.0 |Aug record high C = 38.7 |Aug record low C = 14.9 |Sep record high C = 37.5 |Sep record low C = 10.6 |Oct record high C = 33.4 |Oct record low C = 4.0 |Nov record high C = 26.6 |Nov record low C = −1.3 |Dec record high C = 20.1 |Dec record low C = -5.0 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 16.5 |Feb precipitation mm = 21.9 |Mar precipitation mm = 46.7 |Apr precipitation mm = 105.2 |May precipitation mm = 158.8 |Jun precipitation mm = 192.5 |Jul precipitation mm = 147.8 |Aug precipitation mm = 126.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 97.7 |Oct precipitation mm = 96.1 |Nov precipitation mm = 45.6 |Dec precipitation mm = 15.3 |Jan humidity = 79 |Feb humidity = 77 |Mar humidity = 76 |Apr humidity = 78 |May humidity = 79 |Jun humidity = 80 |Jul humidity = 77 |Aug humidity = 76 |Sep humidity = 79 |Oct humidity = 83 |Nov humidity = 82 |Dec humidity = 80 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 10.7 |Feb precipitation days = 10.4 |Mar precipitation days = 13.4 |Apr precipitation days = 15.1 |May precipitation days = 17.2 |Jun precipitation days = 16.4 |Jul precipitation days = 13.3 |Aug precipitation days = 12.4 |Sep precipitation days = 11.5 |Oct precipitation days = 16.1 |Nov precipitation days = 11.9 |Dec precipitation days = 10.7 |year precipitation days = |Jan sun = 29.4 |Feb sun = 33.1 |Mar sun = 61.4 |Apr sun = 87.0 |May sun = 98.6 |Jun sun = 92.4 |Jul sun = 157.5 |Aug sun = 176.7 |Sep sun = 111.5 |Oct sun = 62.7 |Nov sun = 55.6 |Dec sun = 36.3 |year sun = | Jan percentsun = 9 | Feb percentsun = 10 | Mar percentsun = 16 | Apr percentsun = 22 | May percentsun = 23 | Jun percentsun = 22 | Jul percentsun = 37 | Aug percentsun = 44 | Sep percentsun = 30 | Oct percentsun = 18 | Nov percentsun = 17 | Dec percentsun = 11 | year percentsun = |Jan snow days = 3.5 |Feb snow days = 1.3 |Mar snow days = 0.3 |Apr snow days = 0 |May snow days = 0 |Jun snow days = 0 |Jul snow days = 0 |Aug snow days = 0 |Sep snow days = 0 |Oct snow days = 0 |Nov snow days = 0 |Dec snow days = 1.2 |year snow days = |source 1 = China Meteorological Administration<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=28 April 2023}}</ref><ref> {{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =28 April 2023}}</ref> }}
===Rivers=== There are 45 rivers and streams in the county. The major rivers are Furong River ({{zh|s=芙蓉江|p=|labels=no}}), Mei River ({{zh|s=梅江|p=|labels=no}}), Sanjiang River ({{zh|s=三江|p=|labels=no}}), and Luolong River ({{zh|s=洛龙河|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=5}}
===Mountains=== {{main|List of mountains in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County}} There are more than 26 mountains over {{convert|1000|m}} above sea level in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|pp=3-5}} Mazhuayan ({{zh|s=麻抓岩|labels=no}}) is the highest point in the county, which, at {{convert|1939.9|m}} above sea level.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=1}} The second highest point in the county is Mopanshi ({{zh|s=磨盘石|labels=no}}) which stands {{convert|1934.1|m}} above sea level.{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|p=3}}
==Natural resources== Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County is rich in natural resources. There are nearly 20 kinds of mineral resources, such as coal, oil shale, aluminium, iron, lead, zinc, silver, gypsum, calcite, etc. Coal reserves reached 116 million tons, making it became one of the "four coal fields in Zunyi".<ref name="natural">{{cite news |url=http://www.gzdaozhen.gov.cn/zjdz/dyts/ |script-title=zh:自然地理 |work=gzdaozhen.gov.cn |date=21 July 2020 |access-date=13 November 2020 |language=zh |archive-date=20 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210920141619/http://gzdaozhen.gov.cn/zjdz/dyts/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
===Fauna=== There are more than 400 species of terrestrial vertebrates in Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County. Among them, there are four kinds of national first-class protected wild animals, including françois' langur, musk deer, leopard, and clouded leopard, and more than 30 kinds of national second-class protected wild animals, such as macaque, Tibetan macaque, large Indian civet, pangolin and golden pheasant.<ref name="natural"/>
===Flora=== Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County has more than 100 species of wild plants of which 30 have state protection, such as Cathaya, Davidia involucrata, Ginkgo biloba, Taxus chinensis, Cunninghamia lanceolata, Cinnamomum camphora, etc.<ref name="natural"/>
==Demographics== ===Population=== As of 2018, there were 352,149 people, including 234,678 rural population and 117,471 urban population.<ref name="bee"/>
===Language=== Mandarin is the official language.
===Religion=== The Gelao and Miao people believe in animism and worship ancestors. Buddhism and Taoism was introduced into Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County after the conquest of Song dynasty (960–1279).
==Tourism== Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County touts many attractions, including the Fairy Cave ({{zh|s=仙女洞|p=|labels=no}}), Dashahe Provincial Nature Reserve ({{zh|s=大沙河省级自然保护区|p=|labels=no}}) and Luolong National Ecological Park ({{zh|s=洛龙国家生态公园|p=|labels=no}}).{{sfn|Liu Jiangnian|2007|pp=228-234}}
==Notable people== * Liu Jiahua ({{zh|s=刘家华|p=|labels=no}}), politician. * Xiong Xianyu ({{zh|s=熊先煜|p=|labels=no}}), PLA military officer.
==References== {{Reflist}}
===Bibliography=== *{{cite book |editor1=Liu Jiangnian |script-title=zh:《道真仡佬族苗族自治县概况》 |trans-title=General Situation of Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County |year=2007 |publisher=Nationalities Publishing House |location=Beijing |isbn=978-7-105-08537-8|language=zh}}
==External links==
{{Guizhou Daozhen County divisions}} {{County-level divisions of Guizhou}} {{Miao autonomy in the People's Republic of China}} {{Other ethnic minorities autonomy in the People's Republic of China}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Daozhen Gelao And Miao Autonomous County}} Category:Counties of Guizhou Category:Autonomous counties of Guizhou Category:Gelao autonomous counties Category:Miao autonomous counties Category:Administrative divisions of Zunyi Category:Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County