{{Short description|American journalist (1785–1852)}} {{for|the member of the US Senate from Missouri|Charles Daniel Drake}} {{infobox person | name = Daniel Drake | image = Daniel Drake.jpg | birth_date = {{birth date|1785|10|20}} | birth_place = Plainfield, New Jersey, US | death_date = {{death date and age|1852|11|5|1785|10|20}} | death_place = Cincinnati, Ohio, US | resting_place = Spring Grove Cemetery | alma_mater = University of Pennsylvania | children = Charles Daniel Drake }}
thumb|Daniel Drake's house in 1902
'''Daniel Drake''' (October 20, 1785 – November 5, 1852) was a pioneering American medical doctor and prolific writer.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.worldcat.org/wcidentities/lccn-n50-27513 | title=Drake, Daniel 1785-1852 | publisher=OCLC WorldCat | access-date=20 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mR9rAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:C_kYmiuRfJYC | title=Daniel Drake, 1785-1852: pioneer physician of the Midwest | publisher=University of Pennsylvania Press | last=Horine | first=Emmet Field | year=1961| isbn=9780598062208 }}</ref>
==Early life== Drake was born in Plainfield, New Jersey, to Isaac Drake and Elizabeth Shotwell. He was the elder brother of Benjamin Drake, author of ''Life of Tecumseh''. Daniel Drake "was predestined for the medical profession by his father. The latter, we are told by those who knew him, was a gentleman by nature and a Christian from convictions produced by a simple and unaffected study of the Word of God. His poverty he regretted, his ignorance he deplored."<ref>{{cite book |first=Edward Deering |last= Mansfield |author-link=Edward Deering Mansfield |year=2009 |title=Memoirs of the Life and Services of Daniel Drake, M.D. |publisher=Applewood Books |page=44 |isbn=9781429021968}}</ref>
==Career== Drake studied under William Goforth in Cincinnati from 1800 to 1805, and received the first medical diploma west of the Allegheny Mountains.<ref>{{cite book |title=Cincinnati, the Queen City, 1788-1912 |volume=2 |first=Charles Frederic |author-link=Charles Frederic Goss|last=Goss |publisher=S J Clarke Publishing Company |location=Cincinnati |year=1912 |pages= 222–223 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=URIWAAAAYAAJ&q=surgeon&pg=PA223 }}</ref> Daniel graduated from the medical school of the University of Pennsylvania and established a medical practice in Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1807.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uQg9XG6I9CsC&pg=PA10 | title=Legendary Locals of Cincinnati | publisher=Arcadia Publishing | date=4 January 2012 | access-date=2013-05-07 | last= Grace |first= Kevin | page=10| isbn=9781467100021 }}</ref>
He mainly worked on the field of medicine but also advocated social reforms and contributed to geology, botany, and meteorology, and medical geology. He is considered a relevant figure in the history of medicine in the United States.<ref>{{cite book|author-link= William H. Welch|first= William Henry |last= Welch |title= Papers and Addresses, Volume 3 |publisher= Johns Hopkins Press |page= 427}}</ref> He has been called "a heroic figure in American medicine" whose fame is due to his writings, where he also tried to improve medical education<ref>{{cite book|first= Gert H. |last= Brieger |year= 2009 |title= Medical America in the Nineteenth Century: Readings from the Literature |publisher= JHU Press |chapter= Daniel Drake}}</ref> and scientific research.<ref>{{cite book| first1= James C. |last1= Klotter |first2= Daniel |last2= Rowland |year= 2012 |title= Bluegrass Renaissance: The History and Culture of Central Kentucky, 1792-1852 |publisher= University Press of Kentucky |pages= 227–228}}</ref>
In 1818 Drake was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society and the American Philosophical Society.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.americanantiquarian.org/memberlistd | title=MemberListD - American Antiquarian Society | publisher=American Antiquarian Society | access-date=14 August 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=APS Member History|url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=1818&year-max=1818&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|access-date=2021-04-05|website=search.amphilsoc.org|archive-date=2021-07-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210710235704/https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=1818&year-max=1818&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced|url-status=dead}}</ref> The library of the AAS holds original copies of around thirty texts written by Drake.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://catalog.mwa.org/vwebv/search?searchArg=drake%2C+daniel&searchCode=OPAU&setLimit=1&recCount=10&searchType=1&page.search.search.button=Search|title = AAS Catalog Exact Search}}</ref> He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1819.<ref name=AAAS>{{cite web|title=Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter D|url=http://www.amacad.org/publications/BookofMembers/ChapterD.pdf|publisher=American Academy of Arts and Sciences|access-date=September 9, 2016}}</ref>
In 1819 he helped organize the Medical College of Ohio in Cincinnati which later became the University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center,<ref>{{cite journal| title= New Life Members|publisher= American College of Physicians |year= 1952 |journal= Annals of Internal Medicine |volume= 37| number= 1| page= 638|doi=10.7326/0003-4819-37-3-631}}</ref> where he served as a president. He secured a state appropriation for its support and that of a hospital.
In 1827 Drake and Guy W. Wright M.D. founded The Western Medical and Physical Journal, of which they were editors. Then in 1828 he founded another journal, with a similar name, ''The Western Journal of the Medical and Physical Sciences'', of which Drake was sole editor. He continued to edit this journal until 1848. In 1846 he, William Maclay Awl and other members of the Ohio medical profession established the Ohio State Medical Society. He was a founding member of the Commercial Hospital and Lunatic Asylum in Ohio, and a fellow of the College of Physicians of Philadelphia. He was connected, either as a lecturer or professor, at different times, at the University of Louisville (Louisville, Kentucky) and Jefferson Medical College (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). He was Professor of Theory and Practice of Medicine at Transylvania University.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Beck |first=John Brodhead |year=1828 |title=Quarterly Bibliographical Notices |journal=The New York Medical and Physical Journal |volume=7 |page=613}}</ref> In 1852, he rejoined the faculty at the Medical College of Ohio but died a few days after receiving his appointment.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Drake,_Daniel?r | title=Daniel Drake | publisher=Ohio History Central | access-date=20 December 2013}}</ref> He is buried at Spring Grove Cemetery.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_D3qf9b1s-gC&q=1880+cincinnati&pg=PA35 | title=Cincinnati: From River City to Highway Metropolis | publisher=Arcadia Publishing | date=1 October 2003 | access-date=2013-05-25 | last= Stradling |first=David | pages=35| isbn=9780738524405 }}</ref>
==Personal life== He was the father of Charles Daniel Drake. Drake's home was located at 429 East Third Street in Cincinnati.
A religious man, he was a founding Member of Christ Church in Cincinnati, and he advocated the combination of Christian feelings and literature.<ref>Drake, Daniel (1834). ''Discourse on the History, Character, and Prospects of the West: Delivered to the Union Literary Society of Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, at Their Ninth Anniversary, September 23, 1834''. Truman and Smith. p. 31</ref>
He is the namesake of Cincinnati's Daniel Drake Park{{sfn|Juettner|p=10}} and the Daniel Drake Rehabilitation Center at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center.
William Osler was a great admirer of Drake: <blockquote>"It was his custom when he met anyone from Cincinnati to ask if a statue to Daniel Drake had been erected, for he had made a vow never to visit that city until Drake had been accorded the honour which was his due."<ref>W.R.Bett, Osler: The Man and the Legend, Heinemann, London 1951, p.89.</ref></blockquote>
== Works == * ''Notices Concerning Cincinnati'' (1810; 1908) * [https://archive.org/details/naturalandstati00drakgoog <!-- quote=Natural and Statistical View, or Picture of Cincinnati and the Miami Country. --> ''Natural and statistical view; or picture of Cincinnati and the Miami country''] (1815)<ref name=Squier>{{cite book|last=Squier|first=E.G.|title=Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley|year=1848|publisher=Smithsonian Institution|location=Washington, D.C.|page=43|url=http://www.wdl.org/en/item/4301/view/1/43/}}</ref> * [https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-2552026R-bk ''An account of the epidemic cholera : as it appeared in Cincinnati''] (1832) * [https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-2552035R-bk ''Practical treatise on the history, prevention, and treatment of epidemic cholera''] (1832) * ''Practical Essays on Medical Education'' (1832) * [https://collections.nlm.nih.gov/catalog/nlm:nlmuid-62650140R-bk ''An introductory lecture on the means of promoting the intellectual improvement of the students and physicians of the valley of the Mississippi''] (1844) * ''Systematic Treatise on the Principal Diseases of the Interior Valley of North America'', (1850–54) * [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/001684621 ''Pioneer Life in Kentucky: A series of reminiscential letters from Daniel Drake ... to his children''] (1870); edited by his son Charles D. Drake
{{botanist|D.Drake|Drake, Daniel}}
==References== {{reflist}}
==Further reading== *Drake, Daniel; ed. by Henry D. Shapiro. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=VAN8AAAAIAAJ&dq=editions:7YlaZASPEncC Physician to the West: selected writings of Daniel Drake on science & society]'', University Press of Kentucky, 1970. * *{{cite journal|last=Bay |first=J. Christian |title=Dr. Daniel Drake, 1785-1852 |journal=Filson Club History Quarterly |volume=7 |issue=1 |date=January 1933 |url=http://connect1.ajaxdocumentviewer.com/viewerajax.php?TeuIaNgirgNfG4G4EBCqMIT8gPp0zsiwL0hLZ4%2B%2BKNJ7etxMPwRw5EckDP4f7IR0W98ICNRppkvUNWsfP1BBe6Zm7IYpGDK0FOvazePENl%2FMDS9DGhuH3Mllmt9oXJkf9NysUOtzdeUufMAT%2B8nHN2vvBWChDS9dfxwi%2Bu8igLB%2F%2FPEJdl%2FM%2Bbh%2Bdmc9GYEDQW460urfn5SdVgM0sI9VXFC9AwHVoQvhYdDthOG1eZrpj58ytp9GD3hdRkTct1lI19e9lHrdkRTClEmG3Xu7epg7fp0XIWrqsXCzLdZ4KXrMR7aDMnXPyq6OOp5ZLgR2wNaRRMD%2FhSViRlTLc601GECoaXouEoYZrGFNabiyDyW0Hl%2BPQeKXOXGNNyjWaaAekKXMAsWzzkyBwIMKwy3%2BTJTt60RLOS4fPcfEV3VfR24%3D |access-date=2011-11-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120425160427/http://connect1.ajaxdocumentviewer.com/viewerajax.php?TeuIaNgirgNfG4G4EBCqMIT8gPp0zsiwL0hLZ4++KNJ7etxMPwRw5EckDP4f7IR0W98ICNRppkvUNWsfP1BBe6Zm7IYpGDK0FOvazePENl%2FMDS9DGhuH3Mllmt9oXJkf9NysUOtzdeUufMAT+8nHN2vvBWChDS9dfxwi+u8igLB%2F%2FPEJdl%2FM+bh+dmc9GYEDQW460urfn5SdVgM0sI9VXFC9AwHVoQvhYdDthOG1eZrpj58ytp9GD3hdRkTct1lI19e9lHrdkRTClEmG3Xu7epg7fp0XIWrqsXCzLdZ4KXrMR7aDMnXPyq6OOp5ZLgR2wNaRRMD%2FhSViRlTLc601GECoaXouEoYZrGFNabiyDyW0Hl+PQeKXOXGNNyjWaaAekKXMAsWzzkyBwIMKwy3+TJTt60RLOS4fPcfEV3VfR24= |archive-date=2012-04-25 }} *{{cite book |title=Daniel Drake and his Followers |first=Otto |last=Juettner |ref={{sfnRef|Juettner}} |publisher=Harvey Publishing |year=1909 |url=https://archive.org/details/danieldrakeandh00juetgoog |page=[https://archive.org/details/danieldrakeandh00juetgoog/page/n8 10] }}
==External links== {{commons category}} {{Wikiquote}} *[https://archive.org/search.php?query=creator%3A%22Drake%2C+Daniel%2C+1785-1852%22 Drake's works available on Internet Archive] *{{cite book |title=Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography |title-link=Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography|volume=2|year=1887 |page=223|chapter=Daniel Drake |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sgZLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223|last1=Wilson|first1=James Grant|last2=Fiske|first2=John}} *[http://www.ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Daniel_Drake Daniel Drake] at Ohio History Central *{{find a Grave|18132265}} {{clear}} {{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Drake, Daniel}} Category:1785 births Category:1852 deaths Category:American essayists Category:American male journalists Category:Medical doctors from Ohio Category:American botanists Category:Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences Category:University of Cincinnati faculty Category:Transylvania University faculty Category:19th-century American science writers Category:Medical doctors from Cincinnati Category:Writers from Plainfield, New Jersey Category:People from Mason County, Kentucky Category:Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania alumni Category:Writers from Cincinnati Category:Journalists from Cincinnati Category:Burials at Spring Grove Cemetery Category:American male essayists Category:Members of the American Philosophical Society