{{Short description|CD, DVD and Blu-ray disc manufacturing company}} {{Infobox company | name = Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation | logo = frameless|class=skin-invert | parent = Sony Corporation of America | type = Subsidiary | foundation = {{start date and age|1983}} | location = 1800 N Fruitridge Ave, Terre Haute IN 47804, United States | homepage = [https://www.sonydadc.com/ Official website] }} '''Sony Digital Audio Disc Corporation''' ('''Sony DADC''') is a manufacturer of CDs, DVDs, UMDs, and Blu-ray Discs, operating numerous plants worldwide. While primarily serving Sony Music Entertainment-owned record labels, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment, and Sony Interactive Entertainment, it also produces discs for other labels, home entertainment distributors, and video game publishers.
==History== Sony DADC's first plant, located in Terre Haute, IN, opened on May 2, 1983,<ref name=sony1>{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.com/en/about-us/history/|title=Sony DADC - Terre Haute, Indiana|access-date=2009-11-05|archive-date=2012-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620151906/http://www.sonydadc.com/en/about-us/history/|url-status=dead}}</ref> and produced its first CD, Bruce Springsteen's ''Born in the U.S.A.'', in September 1984.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.indianabusinessnews.com/main.asp?SectionID=31&SubSectionID=64&ArticleID=58149|title=indianabusinessnews.com|website=www.indianabusinessnews.com|accessdate=July 29, 2024}}</ref> It was the first CD manufacturer in the United States and serves as the company's principal CD manufacturing facility and its research and development center.<ref name=sony1/>
The plant was initially a subsidiary of CBS/Sony Group, but Sony acquired CBS's stake in October 1985.<ref>{{citation|newspaper=New York Times|title=Sony-CBS Deal|date=1985-10-19|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1985/10/19/business/sony-cbs-deal.html|access-date=2017-01-06}}{{Page needed|date=August 2011}}</ref>
When Sony bought CBS Records in 1988, it acquired the company's manufacturing facilities, some of which later became part of Sony DADC. These included plants in Pitman, NJ (closed in 2011),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcphiladelphia.com/news/local/nj-sony-plant-closing-after-more-than-50-years/2142981/|title=NJ Sony Plant Closing After More Than 50 Yearse|date=13 January 2011 }}</ref> Terre Haute, IN; Toronto, Ontario, Canada (closed in 2011); Mexico City (closed 2015); Salzburg, Austria; Mumbai, India; and Manaus, Brazil. These plants were originally manufacturers of vinyl gramophone records, later transitioning to CD manufacturing: Pitman in 1988, Manaus in 1992,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.com/opencms/opencms/sites/am/About_Us/Americas_Facilities/Manaus_Brazil.html|title=Sony DADC - Brazil|access-date=2009-11-05|archive-date=2008-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081114072529/http://www.sonydadc.com/opencms/opencms/sites/am/About_Us/Americas_Facilities/Manaus_Brazil.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and Toronto<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.com/opencms/opencms/sites/am/About_Us/Americas_Facilities/Canada.html|title=Sony DADC - Toronto, Ontario, Canada|access-date=2009-11-05|archive-date=2008-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081114073353/http://www.sonydadc.com/opencms/opencms/sites/am/About_Us/Americas_Facilities/Canada.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and Mexico City<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.com/opencms/opencms/sites/am/About_Us/Americas_Facilities/Mexico_City_Mexico.html|title=Sony DADC - Mexico City|access-date=2009-11-05|archive-date=2008-11-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081114072923/http://www.sonydadc.com/opencms/opencms/sites/am/About_Us/Americas_Facilities/Mexico_City_Mexico.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> in 1994.
LaserDiscs, primarily 12-inch prints of feature films and concerts, were manufactured by Sony DADC in the 1980s and 1990s. Some of the laserdiscs made at DADC exhibit laser rot more than those from other manufacturers.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.lddb.com/laserrot.php|title=Laserdisc Databank - Laser Rot|date=2012-10-19}}</ref>
Sony DADC currently manufactures the majority of CDs sold in the United States.{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}} In November 2008, the company acquired the American disc-manufacturing capabilities of Glenayre Technologies, which manufactured discs for Universal Music Group.<ref>"Fisher's Distribution Company Sold to Sony" (3 November 2008). Retrieved from [http://www.insideindianabusiness.com/newsitem.asp?id=32346 Inside Indiana Business.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110713040412/http://www.insideindianabusiness.com/newsitem.asp?id=32346 |date=2011-07-13 }} on December 15, 2009.</ref> In the summer of 2009, the company assumed the physical distribution of EMI's North American operations.<ref>"EMI to Outsource Distribution" (1 April 2009). Retrieved from [http://www.allaccess.com/net-news/archive/story/55606/emi-to-outsource-distribution All Access.com] on March 2, 2011.</ref> This left WEA as the only major label whose discs were not manufactured by the company,{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}} as its discs were manufactured by the operations of the former WEA Manufacturing that were sold to Cinram.
On August 8, 2011, a Sony DADC distribution center in Enfield was destroyed during the 2011 England riots.<ref>{{cite news| last=Davoudi| first=Salamander| title=Indie labels hit by warehouse arson attack|url=https://www.ft.com/content/c2299f28-c289-11e0-9ede-00144feabdc0| access-date=9 August 2011|newspaper=Financial Times|date=8 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat-14490635 |title= More than 1.5m CDs destroyed in Sony warehouse fire | publisher= BBC | date= 11 August 2011 | work= BBC Radio 1 Newsbeat | access-date=2011-08-11}}</ref> The warehouse was used by independent music distributor PIAS Entertainment Group to distribute CDs, LPs, and DVDs for over 100 European independent labels.<ref name="Pitchfork">{{cite news | title=Labels react to Sony/PIAS warehouse fire |url=http://pitchfork.com/news/43478-labels-react-to-sonypias-warehouse-fire/ |publisher=Pitchfork Media |access-date =9 August 2011 | date = 9 August 2011}}</ref> The total stock loss in the fire was reported to be between 3.5 million<ref name="piasbbc">{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat-14579343|title=Independent record labels detail fire recovery plans|work=BBC News|date=18 August 2011|access-date=19 August 2011}}</ref> and 25 million units.<ref name="piasloss">{{cite magazine|url=http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/bpi-establishes-fund-for-indie-labels-impacted-1005316412.story|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110901023920/http://www.billboard.biz/bbbiz/industry/record-labels/bpi-establishes-fund-for-indie-labels-impacted-1005316412.story|url-status=dead|archive-date=September 1, 2011|title=BPI establishes fund for indie labels impacted by London riots|magazine=Billboard|author=Smirke, Richard|date=15 August 2011|access-date=17 August 2011}}</ref>
On January 17, 2018, the DADC plant in Terre Haute, IN, announced the layoff of 375 employees, shifting US audio disc manufacturing to Sonopress. It was later determined that most audio discs would be manufactured by CDA Inc. Currently, the majority of audio discs manufactured for Universal Music Group US and Sony Music Entertainment US are produced by CDA Inc, while packaging and assembly into jewel cases are completed in the US. Technicolor (later Vantiva, now Conectiv) also sometimes assists in disc manufacturing for Universal Music Group US.
In April 2019, Sony DADC Japan Inc. was merged with Sony Music Communications, Inc. to become Sony Music Solutions, Inc., placing the Japanese DADC plants under Sony Music's control.<ref>{{Cite web |last=(c)Sony Music Solutions Inc. |title=株式会社ソニー・ミュージックソリューションズ（旧株式会社ソニーDADCジャパン） |url=https://www.sonydadc.co.jp/company/history.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190706010648/https://www.sonydadc.co.jp/company/history.html |archive-date=2019-07-06 |access-date=2025-08-15 |website=www.sonydadc.co.jp |language=ja}}</ref>
On January 13, 2022, the DADC plant in Terre Haute, IN, announced the layoff of 100 employees, moving US gaming and disc manufacturing capacity from Terre Haute to Salzburg, Austria. Assembly and distribution will remain in Terre Haute, IN.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-01-13 |title=Sony DADC to consolidate operations, lay off 100 employees |url=https://www.mywabashvalley.com/news/local-news/sony-dadc-to-consolidate-operations-lay-off-100-employees/ |access-date=2023-05-08 |website=MyWabashValley.com |language=en-US}}</ref> The Terre Haute plant eventually focused its manufacturing capacity towards medical devices, automotive parts, and other electronic devices.
==Manufacturing plants {{anchor|Sony DADC Plants}}==
{| class="wikitable" |- ! Parent !! Subsidiary !! Location<ref name="Sony DADC Locations sonydadc.com"></ref> !! Status |- | rowspan="4" | Sony Music Solutions, Inc. (formerly Sony DADC Japan Inc.)<ref name="Sony DADC Japan sonydadc.co.jp"></ref> |- | DADJ-Y (Yoshida) || rowspan="2"| Shizuoka ||rowspan="3" style="background: #81F781"| Operational |- | DADJ-O (Oigawa) |- | DADJ-I (Ibaraki) || Ibaraki |- | rowspan="6" | Sony DADC Americas<ref name="Sony DADC Group List sonydadc.com"></ref> |- | rowspan="2" |Sony DADC US Inc. || Pitman, NJ ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2011)}} |- | Terre Haute, IN ||style="background: #81F781"| Operational |- | |Sony DADC Americas Distribution || Bolingbrook, IL ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2021)}} |- | Sony DADC Canada Co. || Toronto ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2011)}} |- | Sony DADC Brasil Industria,<br /> Comercio e Distribuicao Video-Fonografica Ltda. || Manaus ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2018)}} |- | Sony DADC México S.A. de C.V || |Sony DADC México || Mexico City ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2015)}}<ref name="Sony DADC Mexico closure dvd-and-beyond.com"></ref> |- | rowspan="24" | Sony DADC International<ref name="Sony DADC Group List sonydadc.com"></ref> |- | rowspan="3" | Sony DADC Europe GmbH (formerly Sony DADC Europe Limited, ''Zweigniederlassung Österreich'') || Thalgau ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Anif ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2019)}} |- | Salzburg ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | rowspan="5" | Sony DADC UK Limited (formerly Sony DADC Europe Limited) || Southwater ||style="background: #81F781"| Shut down {{small|(2018)}}; Re-opened {{small|(2020)}} |- | Enfield ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2020)}} |- | Derry Street ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2020)}} |- | Rathbone Place ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2015)}} |- | Market Place ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2013)}} |- | Sony DADC France S.A.S. || Paris ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Sony DADC Iberia S.L. || Alcorcón||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2021)}} |- | rowspan="4" |Sony DADC Czech Republic s.r.o.<ref name="Sony DADC Europe 2012 update ots.at"></ref> || Úherce ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2022)}} |- | Prague ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Plzeň ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Štěnovice ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | OOO Sony DADC Russia<ref name="Sony DADC Russia opening sonydadc.com"></ref> || Borovsk ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2020)}} |- | Sony DADC Manufacturing India Pvt. Ltd. || Mumbai ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2016)}} |- | ''Entertainment Network Scandinavia AB'' || Borås|| style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Sony DADC China Co. Ltd. ||rowspan="2" |Shanghai ||style="background: #81F781" | Non-Operational Holding Co. |- | ''Shanghai Epic Music Entertainment Company Ltd.'' ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Sony DADC Hong Kong Ltd. || Hong Kong ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2015)}} |- | rowspan="3" |Sony DADC Australia Pty Ltd. || Eastern Creek, NSW ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Erskine Park, NSW ||style="background: #81F781" | Operational |- | Huntingwood, NSW ||style="background: #FA5858"| Shut down {{small|(2018)}} |}
==Manufacturing codes== {{Unreferenced section|date=August 2011}} Printed on the discs or packaging of Sony DADC-manufactured CDs are codes indicating master copies (matrix numbers) of discs. These codes begin with a 4-letter prefix followed by a series of digits. Common prefixes include the following: * DIDC – Classical recordings released on Sony-affiliated record labels.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}} * DIDP – Popular (i.e., non-classical) recordings released on Sony-affiliated record labels.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}} * DIDX – Recordings pressed by DADC for release on non-Sony-affiliated record labels.{{Citation needed|date=March 2011}} * DIDY – Recordings pressed by the US division of DADC for the Columbia House Record Club. * DIDZ – Recordings released on WEA Japan (only used from 1983 to 1985). * CDRM - CD-ROM titles * LDVS - Standard Laserdiscs * LDTA - THX & AC-3 Laserdiscs * LDTX - THX Laserdiscs * LDAC - AC-3 Laserdiscs * DVSS - Single-layer DVDs * DVDL - Dual-layer DVDs * DDLD - "CD" side of DualDiscs * DDHD - DVD side of DualDiscs * AULD - "CD" side of DualDiscs containing DVD-Audio * AUHD - DVD side of DualDiscs containing DVD-Audio * SUSS - Single-layer Super Audio CDs * SUDL - Dual-layer Super Audio CDs * STLD or SULD - CD layer of hybrid Super Audio CDs * SUHD - Super Audio CD layer of hybrid Super Audio CDs * BVSS - Single-layer Blu-ray Discs * BVDL - Dual-layer Blu-ray Discs * BHSS - Single-layer Hybrid Blu-ray Discs (discs containing both Blu-ray video and PlayStation 3 format software) * BHDL - Dual-layer Hybrid Blu-ray Discs (discs containing both Blu-ray video and PlayStation 3 format software) * USDL - Dual-layer Ultra HD Blu-ray Discs * USTL - Triple-layer Ultra HD Blu-ray discs * DRSS - DVD-ROM software titles * PSRM - PlayStation titles * PTRM - PlayStation 2 CD-ROM titles * PDSS - PlayStation 2 DVD-ROM titles * PDDL - PlayStation 2 DVD-ROM Dual-layer titles * UPSS - PlayStation Portable UMD Single-layer titles * UPDL - PlayStation Portable UMD Dual-layer titles * BPSS - PlayStation 3 Blu-ray Disc Single-layer titles * BPDL - PlayStation 3 Blu-ray Disc Dual-layer titles * B4SS - PlayStation 4 Blu-ray Disc Single-layer titles * B4DL - PlayStation 4 Blu-ray Disc Dual-layer titles * P5DL - PlayStation 5 Blu-ray Disc Dual-layer titles * P5TL - PlayStation 5 Blu-ray Disc Triple-layer titles
==See also== * WEA Manufacturing
==References== {{Reflist|2|refs=
<ref name="Sony DADC Russia opening sonydadc.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.com/en/metanavigation/news/press-releases/sony-dadc-starts-local-playstationR3-ps3TM-disc-manufacturing-in-russia-30/ |title=Sony DADC starts local PlayStation®3 (PS3™) disc manufacturing in Russia |publisher=sonydadc.com |date=25 October 2011 |access-date=4 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804015908/http://www.sonydadc.com/en/metanavigation/news/press-releases/sony-dadc-starts-local-playstationR3-ps3TM-disc-manufacturing-in-russia-30/ |archive-date=4 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Sony DADC Group List sonydadc.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.com/metanavigation/about-us/group-companies/ |title=GROUP COMPANIES OF SONY DADC |publisher=sonydadc.com |date=4 August 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804020505/http://www.sonydadc.com/metanavigation/about-us/group-companies/ |archive-date=4 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Sony DADC Japan sonydadc.co.jp">{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.co.jp/en/ |title=Sony DADC Japan Inc. - Company Profile |publisher=sonydadc.co.jp |date=4 August 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804021001/http://www.sonydadc.co.jp/en/ |archive-date=4 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Sony DADC Locations sonydadc.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.sonydadc.com/metanavigation/locations/ |title=Sony DADC Locations Worldwide Services |publisher=sonydadc.com |date=4 August 2016 |access-date=4 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804021659/http://www.sonydadc.com/metanavigation/locations/ |archive-date=4 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Sony DADC Mexico closure dvd-and-beyond.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.dvd-and-beyond.com/display-article.php?article=2119 |title=Sony DADC closes Mexico plant |publisher=dvd-and-beyond.com |date=3 May 2015 |access-date=4 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804022340/http://www.dvd-and-beyond.com/display-article.php?article=2119 |archive-date=4 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
<ref name="Sony DADC Europe 2012 update ots.at">{{cite web|language=de |author=Christina Schobesberger |url=http://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20120116_OTS0185/sony-dadc-austria-ag-strafft-produktionsprogramm-in-europa |title=Sony DADC Austria AG strafft Produktionsprogramm in Europa |publisher=ots.at |date=16 January 2012 |access-date=7 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806211950/http://www.ots.at/presseaussendung/OTS_20120116_OTS0185/sony-dadc-austria-ag-strafft-produktionsprogramm-in-europa |archive-date=6 August 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}
==External links== * [https://www.sonydadc.com/ Official '''Sony DADC−Digital Audio Disc Corporation''' website]
{{Sony Corp}} {{Compact disc}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Japanese companies established in 1983 Category:Compact disc Category:Electronics companies established in 1983 Category:Electronics companies of Japan Category:Manufacturing companies based in Indiana Category:Manufacturing companies of Japan Digital Audio Disc Corporation Category:Companies based in Terre Haute, Indiana