{{short description|British-Hong Kong politician and businessman}} {{use British English|date=May 2014}} {{Use dmy dates|date=May 2014}} {{Infobox officeholder | image = David Fortune Landale.jpg | image_size = 160px | alt = | honorific_prefix = | name = D. F. Landale<br />D·F·蘭杜 | honorific_suffix = | office = [[Senior unofficial member]] of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] | term_start = 1 May 1946 | term_end = 4 January 1950 | successor = [[Chau Tsun-nin]] | predecessor = British Military Administration | appointer1 = [[Mark Aitchison Young|Sir Mark Young]] | birth_date = {{Birth date|1905|11|9|df=yes}} | birth_place = [[Shanghai International Settlement]], China | death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1970|12|15|1905|11|7}} | death_place = London, United Kingdom | party = | occupation = Entrepreneur and politician | alma_mater = | resting_place = | spouse = {{marriage|Louisa Mary Dorothy Charlotte Forbes|1929|1956|end=died}}<br/>Beatrice Helen Bengson Lund | children = 4 | father = [[David Landale]] | signature = | footnotes = }} {{Infobox Chinese |order= |showflag= |t=蘭杜 |s=兰杜 |j=Laan<sup>4</sup>dou<sup>6</sup> |p=Landu }}
'''David Fortune "Taffy" Landale''', [[Justice of the Peace|JP]] ({{lang-zh|t=蘭杜}}; 7 November 1905 – 15 December 1970), was a British-Hong Kong entrepreneur and politician who was chairman and managing director of [[Jardine Matheson|Jardine Matheson & Co.]] from 1945 to 1951, during which he was appointed by the [[Hong Kong government]] as an unofficial member of the [[Executive Council of Hong Kong|Executive Council]] from 1946 to 1951, as well as the [[senior unofficial member]] of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council]] from 1946 to 1950. Later in his life he settled in the United Kingdom, where he was chairman of the [[Royal Bank of Scotland]] between 1955 and 1965.
Landale had a close connection with Jardine Matheson. His father, [[David Landale]], was also chairman and managing director of the firm, and the Landales were distantly related to the family of [[William Jardine (merchant)|Dr William Jardine]], who was the founder of the Jardine trading house. Landale's chairmanship of Jardine Matheson coincided with the outbreak of the [[Chinese Communist Revolution]] that followed the end of the [[Second World War]]. The turbulence prevented the firm from reviving the profitable China business that it had enjoyed in the past. In 1947, he founded the [[Hong Kong Airways]] with a hope of developing the firm's [[civil aviation]] business. The attempt, however, was hit by the growing instability of the region.
As the senior unofficial member of the Legislative Council, Landale was an active critic of the Hong Kong government who was noted for his unsuccessful attempt to oppose the government's plan of re-introducing [[income tax]] after the war in 1947. Besides, he moved a motion in the Council in 1949 to debate the "[[Young Plan (Hong Kong)|Young Plan]]". The plan, which proposed for the idea of setting up a [[Municipal Council]], was highly questioned by him and other unofficial members, who believed that reforming the Legislative Council would be a better alternative. Nevertheless, having considered the regional instability and the lukewarm response from the general public, the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British government]] announced in 1952 that no major [[constitutional reform]] would take place in Hong Kong.
== Biography ==
=== Early years === Landale was born in the Jardine Matheson office in the [[Shanghai International Settlement]], China, on 7 November 1905.<ref>"Births" (11 November 1905)</ref><ref name="who">"LANDALE, David Fortune" (1996)</ref><ref name=cricket/> He was the son of David Landale (1868–1935) of [[Dalswinton]], [[Dumfries]], [[Scotland]], and Mildred Sophia Fortune (1880–1965).<ref name=who/> He had two sisters and one brother, namely Margaret Winifred Landale (1903–1989), Veronica Grizel Kinloch Landale (1911–1985) and Peter Wellwood Fortune Landale (1915–1941).<ref name=who/><ref name=obit/><ref name="sister">"Mildred Margaret Sophia Fortune" (retrieved on 18 April 2014)</ref> His brother, a pilot of the [[Royal Air Force]] during the Second World War, died in a plane crash in the [[North Sea]] when he was flying to [[Hanover]], Germany, on a military mission in 1941.<ref name="whitley">"Whitley P4953" (retrieved on 18 April 2014)</ref> His body was never found.<ref name=whitley/>
The Landales were closely connected to [[Jardine Matheson|Jardine Matheson & Co.]], the Far Eastern trading firm. Landale's father, David Landale, was the son of the Rev David Landale and Margaret Helen Hassels Jardine, who was a daughter of [[Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet]].<ref name="obit">"Obituary: Mr. David Landale Passes in London" (8 September 1935)</ref><ref name="jardine01">Keswick (1982), pp. 254–255.</ref> Sir William belonged to the [[Applegirth]] branch of the [[Clan Jardine|Jardine family]] and he was a distant relative of Dr William Jardine, the founder of the Jardine trading house.<ref name=jardine01/> Landale's father had a long career in Jardine Matheson, serving for a time as chairman and managing Director of the firm. He was also chairman of the [[Shanghai Municipal Council]] as well as an unofficial member of both the Executive and Legislative Councils of Hong Kong.<ref name=obit/> [[Landale Street]] in [[Wan Chai]], Hong Kong, was named after him.<ref>"Roads and Railways - Road Names Series V: Roads named after British officials" (retrieved on 18 April 2014)</ref>
Early in his life, Landale, who was also known as "Taffy" by his relatives and friends, attended [[Eton College]], and later studied at [[Balliol College, Oxford]].<ref name=who/><ref name="jardine02">Keswick (1982), p. 46.</ref> While at Eton and Oxford, he was a keen sports player, serving as a member of the [[cricket]] team of Eton and captain of the university [[Rugby football|rugby]] team.<ref name="cricket">"David Landale" (retrieved on 18 April 2014)</ref><ref name=bmj/>
{{multiple image|caption_align=center|header_align=center | align = center | direction = horizontal | footer_align = center | image1 =David Landale.jpg | width1 = 185 | caption1 = [[David Landale]] | image2 =Jardine Matheson Building The Bund during the Late Qing Dynasty.jpg | width2 =390 | caption2 = The Jardine Matheson office in the [[Shanghai International Settlement]], where D. F. Landale was born on 7 November 1905 | image3 =Sir-william-jardine.jpg | width3 = 160 | caption3 = [[Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet|Sir William Jardine]] }}
=== Far Eastern career === After graduation and a short stint working in London, Landale followed the footsteps of his father to join Jardine Matheson in the Far East.<ref name="parade">"Personality Parade No 5 - Ruler of the Princely Hong" (3 April 1950)</ref> He started from the cash desk, spending his time mainly in Shanghai and Hong Kong, and was eventually appointed a director of the firm in 1936, a position that he held until his death in 1970.<ref>Bosanquet (1983), p. 17.</ref><ref name="jardine">Keswick (1982), pp. 264–265.</ref> As a member of the board, he was also appointed to the directorships of a number of subsidiary and affiliated companies of Jardine Matheson, such as the [[Indo-China Steam Navigation Company Ltd.]]<ref>"Wingsang Launched at the Kowloon Docks" (3 June 1938)</ref> He was appointed an unofficial [[Justice of the Peace]] by the Hong Kong government in 1937.<ref name=jp/> At that time, the future prospect of the firm was shadowed by uncertainties arising from the outbreak of the [[Second Sino-Japanese War|Sino-Japanese War]] and the increasing instability in the Far East.<ref name="fung">Feng (1996)</ref> When the Second World War broke out in 1939, he was enlisted to the [[Royal Hong Kong Regiment|Hong Kong Defence Reserve]].<ref name="bio">''The Bankers' Who's who'' (1964), p. 253.</ref> Yet, he was permitted to quit the Reserve in the following year to join the [[Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve]].<ref>"No. 760" (4 July 1940)</ref> He was stationed on [[HMS Queen Elizabeth (1913)|HMS Queen Elizabeth]] and saw active service until 1943, when he retired from the Volunteer Reserve as a lieutenant and was appointed as the [[Minister of War Transport]] Representative in the Middle East.<ref name=who/><ref name=parade/> His role was to help co-ordinate logistical support and transportation for the [[Allies of World War II|Allied Forces]] in that region.<ref name=bio/> He held that position until the war ended in 1945.<ref name=who/> In the same year, he returned to Hong Kong, where he served briefly as the first Honorary [[Air Commodore]] of the [[Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force|Air Arm]] of the [[Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps]].<ref>"Hon. Air Commodores" (retrieved on 18 April 2014)</ref>
In 1945, Landale succeeded [[John Johnstone Paterson|J. J. Paterson]] to become chairman and managing director of Jardine Matheson with a view to re-establishing the firm's business interests in Hong Kong, China, Japan and other places in the Far East.<ref name=who/> In that capacity, he was also appointed a member of the [[Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce]] as well as director of a number of private companies, including the [[Hongkong Electric Company]].<ref>Coates (1977), p. 180.</ref> His chairmanship, however, coincided with the outbreak of the Chinese Communist Revolution that followed the end of the Second World War. During the turbulence, the [[Guangzhou|Canton]] branch office of Jardine Matheson was burnt down in an [[Anti-British sentiment|anti-British protest]] in 1948.<ref name="jardine03">Keswick (1982), pp. 260–261.</ref> Despite that, by the time when the People's Republic of China was founded by the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in 1949, the firm still managed to maintain its China head office in Shanghai as well as its branch offices in [[Hankou]], [[Fuzhou]], [[Qingdao]], Tianjin, Canton and [[Shantou]], employing some 20,000 employees and having a total asset of around 30 million [[pound sterling]] in the mainland.<ref name=jardine03/> After 1949, the firm's businesses continued to be severely hit by the political instability in China. And when the [[Korean War]] broke out in 1950, Landale was forced to move the headquarters of [[Jardine Engineering Corporation]] from Shanghai to Hong Kong in face of the worsening relationship between China and the Western countries.<ref name=fung/><ref name=jardine03/> By 1955, Jardine Matheson had to abandon the China market completely following a number of [[Anti-capitalism|anti-capitalist]] political campaigns staged by the Communist Party, most notably the "[[Land Reform Campaign]]" and the "[[Three-anti and Five-anti Campaigns]]".<ref name=jardine03/> The retreat was a bitter blow to the firm.<ref name=fung/>
Having experienced the turbulence in China, Landale tried to explore new business opportunities in Hong Kong during his chairmanship of Jardine Matheson.<ref name="flight">''Flight International'' (1949), p. 713.</ref> In 1947, the firm reached an agreement with [[British Overseas Airways Corporation]] (BOAC) to establish [[Hong Kong Airways]] as an attempt to develop Hong Kong's civil aviation business.<ref name="boac01">''B.O.A.C. Review'' (1946), p. 219.</ref> At first, the airline was a subsidiary of BOAC and Landale was appointed to chair the board of directors.<ref name=flight/> Further agreement was made between BOAC and the firm in 1949 to formally transfer the ownership of the airline to the latter, with Landale continuing to chair the board of directors.<ref name=flight/><ref>''The Aeroplane'' (1950), p. 612.</ref> Nevertheless, like the firm's other businesses in China, the airline was badly hit by the instability in China and Korea as its flight services to the two countries, which formed the major network of the airline, were forced to be either discontinued or suspended.<ref name=air/> The airline was subsequently sold to its main local rival [[Cathay Pacific Airways]], which was controlled by [[Swire Group|Butterfield & Swire Co.]], in 1958.<ref name="air">Wu & He (2007), p. 36.</ref>
=== Political career === Apart from his business interests, Landale was appointed an unofficial member of the [[Executive Council of Hong Kong|Executive Council]], from 1946 to 1951, and the [[senior unofficial member]] of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong|Legislative Council]], from 1946 to 1950, by the [[Hong Kong government]], being one of the first unofficial members appointed when civilian government resumed after the war in May 1946.<ref name=who/><ref>"Plaque of Senior Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (1850-1985)" (9 May 2009)</ref><ref>"The Hong Kong Government appointed members of the Legislative Council yesterday" (12 May 1946)</ref><ref>"All members of the Executive Council have been appointed" (30 May 1946)</ref> As an active critic of the government, he openly criticised the government in the Legislative Council meetings for a number of times, such as to blame the government for the perfunctory way it compiled the annual [[Budget]] and for its failure to maintain effective communication between Hong Kong and [[Whitehall]] in London, of which he thought was a key factor to achieve good governance.<ref>"Unofficials' Budget Criticism" (28 March 1947)</ref><ref>"Council Debate on the Budget" (31 March 1948)</ref> In 1947, the government started to require an increase in the extent of developments on some of the [[Rural Buildings Lot]]s in offering re-grants to [[Land tenure|landowners]], as a measure to cope with the influx of refugees from [[mainland China]] and the housing shortage.<ref name="webb">Webb (7 October 2010)</ref> The measure was complained by Landale as oppressive to the landowners due to the higher construction costs that they had to bear.<ref name=webb/>
Besides, Landale was one of the leading businessmen in the colony who repeatedly opposed the introduction of [[income tax]]. As early as during the [[Second World War]], the government proposed for the introduction of the tax to support the British war effort in Europe and to subsidise the local [[Military budget|defence budget]].<ref name="war">''Report of the War Revenue Committee'' (February 1940)</ref> Landale was one of the members who were appointed to the [[War Revenue Committee]] by the government in October 1939, which was tasked to offer advice on the proposed new tax.<ref name=war/> The Committee later submitted its report in February 1940 in which Landale and other members expressed strong reservations about the tax proposal.<ref name=war/> Despite their reservations, the government eventually managed to secure the support of the Committee to introduce the income tax in April 1940, having promised that the tax, as an interim measure to generate war revenue, would be repealed after the war.<ref name=war/> Ironically, although the government did repeal the tax after the war as promised, the tax was soon re-introduced in 1947, a move which was strongly opposed by Landale and other unofficial members of the Legislative Council.<ref>Evans, Freedman and Krever (2011), p. 203.</ref> In response to the tax proposal, Landale requested that it should be put on hold for a year to have sufficient time for further review, but his request was turned down by the government.<ref name="iro">"Inland Revenue Bill Goes Through" (2 May 1947)</ref> After heated debates, the bill to reintroduce the tax was read a third time and was passed in the Legislative Council in May 1947, notwithstanding that it was rarely voted against by three unofficial members, namely [[Chau Tsun-nin]], [[Chau Sik-nin]] and [[Leo d'Almada e Castro]].<ref name=iro/> Landale, however, was compelled to vote for the Bill during the division.<ref name=iro/>
Landale also took part in the debates on the "[[Young Plan (Hong Kong)|Young Plan]]" during his service in the two Councils.<ref name="lau">Liu (2002), pp. 87–90.</ref> The plan was named after the [[Governor of Hong Kong]] [[Mark Aitchison Young|Sir Mark Young]], who unveiled it in 1946.<ref name=lau/> One of the major proposals as recommended in the plan was to establish a [[Municipal Council]] that would have a certain number of elected seats.<ref name=lau/> Nevertheless, as the public opinion at the time could not agree on the breadth and depth of the [[constitutional reform]], the plan was stalled for more than two years.<ref name=lau/> It was already March 1949 when Landale moved a motion in the Legislative Council to revive the debate on the "Young Plan".<ref name="reform">Cai (May 2013), pp. 24–25.</ref> In the debate, he criticised the government for deliberately slowing down the pace of constitutional reform.<ref name=reform/> He described the government as the "[[Dormouse (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Dormouse]]", a character in the novel ''[[Alice's Adventures in Wonderland|Alice in Wonderland]]'', which would wake up to disclose a little bit more about the whole story only when the "[[The Hatter|Hatter]]" pours hot tea upon its nose.<ref name=reform/> Landale agreed that constitutional reform was needed for Hong Kong, but instead of supporting the "Young Plan", he believed that reforming the Legislative Council would be a more practical alternative than setting up the Municipal Council.<ref name=lau/> In June the same year, another unofficial member of the Legislative Council, [[Lo Man-kam]], proposed his own reform plan, in which he argued that there should be more unofficial seats in the Legislative Council and some of these seats should be elected.<ref name=lau/><ref name=reform/> This plan gained the support of all the unofficial members, who had by that time already made themselves clear that they opposed the "Young Plan".<ref name=lau/><ref name=reform/> Yet, having considered the regional instability and the lukewarm response from the general public, Young's successor, [[Alexander Grantham|Sir Alexander Grantham]], concluded that it was not an appropriate time to implement the reform plan.<ref name=lau/><ref name=reform/> He particularly feared that Hong Kong would be drawn into the political row between the [[Chinese Communist Party]] and the [[Kuomintang]] if there was a constitutional reform.<ref name=lau/><ref name=reform/> Finally, the [[Government of the United Kingdom|British government]] told the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|Parliament]] in October 1952 that except for increasing the number of elected seats in the [[Urban Council of Hong Kong|Urban Council]], no major constitutional reform would take place in Hong Kong.<ref name=lau/><ref name=reform/>
=== Later years === Landale resigned from the Legislative Council in 1950.<ref name=who/> He retired from the Executive Council as well as the chairmanship of Jardine Matheson the next year, but he retained a seat in the board of directors of the firm.<ref name=who/><ref name=jardine/> After that, he resided in the United Kingdom, where he was appointed to the directorships of a number of private corporations which counted on his business experience in the Far East.<ref name=who/> Among them, he joined the board of directors of the [[Royal Bank of Scotland]] in 1952, becoming deputy chairman of the board later, and he was appointed chairman of the board from 1955 to 1965.<ref name=who/><ref>''The Economist'' (1955), p. 761.</ref> During his chairmanship, he was also appointed director of a number of firms which had close ties with the Royal Bank of Scotland, such as the [[Northern Assurance Co. Ltd.]], [[Glyn, Mills & Co.]] and [[William Deacon's Bank Ltd.]], etc.<ref name=who/><ref name=bio/> Apart from that, he was a director of the [[British Investment Trust Limited]], from 1952 to 1970.<ref>''The Economist'' (29 May 1971), p. 11.</ref>
Although Landale lived in his hometown of [[Dalswinton]], [[Dumfries]], [[Scotland]], he continued to travel to London frequently to manage his business interests.<ref name=bmj/><ref name=bio/> Between 1967 and 1970, he was also appointed by the government as a member of the [[Review Body on the Remuneration of Doctors and Dentists]].<ref name="bmj">''British Medical Journal'' (15 April 1967), p. 188.</ref> In his leisure time he was a keen farmer and [[forester]] in his hometown.<ref name=bmj/> He died suddenly in London on 15 December 1970 at the age of 65.<ref name=who/><ref name=cricket/> After his death, his family erected a memorial cairn for him in Dalswinton Wood.<ref>Baxter (14 May 2007)</ref>
== Personal life == [[File:Memorial cairn in Dalswinton Wood - geograph.org.uk - 435420.jpg|thumb|right|300px|The [[cairn]] in memory of Landale in Dalswinton Wood, [[Dumfries]], [[Scotland]]]] [[File:HK Wan Chai 28 Hennessy Road night Landale Street name sign Nov-2012.JPG|thumb|right|300px|[[Landale Street]] in [[Wan Chai]], Hong Kong, named after Landale's father, David]] Landale was married in London to Louisa Mary Dorothy Charlotte Forbes (1904–1956), the younger daughter of Charles William Forbes of [[Callendar House]], on 7 December 1929.<ref name=who/><ref name=sister/><ref name="family">"Landale" (retrieved on 18 April 2014)</ref> The couple had one son and three daughters:<ref name=family/><ref>"Dean, Janet Stewart, formerly Robson, (nee Landale)" (retrieved on 10 April 2016)</ref><ref>"Landale, Sir David KCVO" (retrieved on 10 April 2016)</ref> # Janet Stewart Landale (30 August 1930 – 1 January 2010); # [[D. W. N. Landale|Sir David William Neil Landale]] (27 May 1934 – 25 March 2016), a director of Jardine Matheson between 1967 and 1975; # Linda Louisa Landale (born 2 November 1937); and # Kirsteen Forbes Landale (born 28 May 1944)
Louisa was the Chief Commissioner of the [[Hong Kong Girl Guides Association]] from 1948 to 1951. After her death in 1956, Landale was married in London, secondly, to Beatrice Helen Bengson Lund, the widow of K. Lund.<ref name=who/><ref name=sister/> Besides, Landale was a member of the Queen's Bodyguard for Scotland, the [[Royal Company of Archers]].<ref name=bio/> He was also a member of a number of gentlemen's clubs, including [[Boodle's]] and [[Pratt's]] in London, as well as the [[New Club, Edinburgh|New Club]] in Edinburgh.<ref name=who/> In 1946, Landale purchased a [[ketch]] in Hong Kong.<ref name=mallet/> The ketch, known as ''Jadalinkir'', was christened after his four children "Janet", "David", "Linda" and "Kirsteen".<ref name="mallet">Mallet (7 December 2007)</ref>
== Honours == * Unofficial [[Justice of the Peace]] (J.P.) (1937<ref name="jp">"No. 375" (28 May 1937)</ref>)
== See also == * [[Jardine Matheson]] * [[Hong Kong Airways]] * [[David Landale]] * [[John Johnstone Paterson]]
== Footnotes == {{reflist|2}}
== References == {{refbegin}} * "Births", ''The Hong Kong Telegraph'', 11 November 1905, p. 4. * "Obituary: Mr. David Landale Passes in London", ''Hong Kong Sunday Herald'', 8 September 1935, p. 18. * "[http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1937/235556.pdf No. 375]", ''Hong Kong Government Gazette'', 28 May 1937. * "Wingsang Launched at the Kowloon Docks", ''Hong Kong Daily Press'', 3 June 1938, p. 7. * ''[http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/s1940/2436.pdf Report of the War Revenue Committee]''. Hong Kong: Hong Kong Government, February 1940. * "[http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkgro/view/g1940/582418.pdf No. 760]", ''Hong Kong Government Gazette'', 4 July 1940. * ''B.O.A.C. Review''. BOAC Public Relations Department, 1946. * "The Hong Kong Government appointed members of the Legislative Council yesterday", ''The Kung Sheung Daily News'', 12 May 1946, p. 4. {{in lang|zh}} * "All members of the Executive Council have been appointed"", ''The Kung Sheung Daily News'', 30 May 1946, p. 4. {{in lang|zh}} * "Unofficials' Budget Criticism", ''The China Mail'', 28 March 1947, p. 1. * "Inland Revenue Bill Goes Through", ''The China Mail'', 2 May 1947, p. 1. * "Council Debate on the Budget", ''The China Mail'', 31 March 1948, p. 1. * ''Flight International'' Vol. 56. IPC Transport Press Limited, 1949. * ''The Aeroplane'' Vol. 79. Temple Press, 1950. * "Personality Parade No 5 - Ruler of the Princely Hong", ''The China Mail'', 3 April 1950, p. 2. * ''The Economist'' Vol. 174. Economist Newspaper Limited, 1955. * ''The Bankers' Who's who''. Indian Business Publications, 1964. * ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20140419012801/http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/picrender.cgi?artid=428585&blobtype=pdf British Medical Journal]'' Volume 2(5545). London: British Medical Association, 15 April 1967. * ''The Economist''. Economist Newspaper Limited, 29 May 1971. * Coates, Austin, ''A mountain of light: the story of the Hongkong Electric Company''. Heinemann, 1977. * Keswick, Maggie, ''The Thistle and The Jade: a celebration of 150 years of Jardine, Matheson & Co.''. London: Octopus Books, 1982. {{ISBN|978-0-70641-796-8}} * Bosanquet, David, ''Escape Through China''. London: R. Hale, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-70901-288-7}} * Feng, Bangyan, ''British Corporations in Hong Kong''. Hong Kong: Joint Publishing, 1996. {{ISBN|978-9-62041-335-3}} {{in lang|zh}} * "LANDALE, David Fortune", ''Who was Who''. London: A & C Black, 1996. {{ISBN|978-0-71364-496-8}} * Liu, Runhe, ''A History of the Municipal Councils of Hong Kong: 1883-1999''. Hong Kong: Leisure and Cultural Services Department, 2002. {{ISBN|978-9-62703-940-2}} {{in lang|zh}} * Wu, Zhanshi, and He, Yaosheng, ''Departure from Kai Tak''. Hong Kong: Economic Times Press, 2007. {{ISBN|978-9-62678-456-3}} {{in lang|zh}} * Baxter, Walter, "[https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/435420 NX9486: Memorial cairn in Dalswinton Wood near to Dalswinton, Dumfries And Galloway, Great Britain]", ''geograph.org'', 14 May 2007. * Mallet, Victor, "[https://www.ft.com/content/54479b20-a46c-11dc-a28d-0000779fd2ac I name this boat ... after a giant Amazon fish]", ''Financial Times'', 7 December 2007.{{subscription required}} * "[http://paper.wenweipo.com/2009/05/09/OT0905090007.htm Plaque of Senior Unofficial Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (1850-1985)]", ''Wen Wei Po'', 9 May 2009. {{in lang|zh}} * Webb, David, "[http://webb-site.com/articles/leases1.asp Hong Kong Land Lease Reform, Part 1]", ''Webb-site Reports'', 7 October 2010. * Edited by Evans, C., Freedman, J., and, Krever, R., ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=G3mpA7rXu8IC The Delicate Balance: Tax, Discretion and the Rule of Law]''. The Netherlands: IBFD, 2011. {{ISBN|978-9-08722-103-4}} * Cai, Sixing, ''100 Events in Hong Kong History II''. Hong Kong: Chung Hwa Book Company (Hong Kong) Limited, May 2013. {{ISBN|978-9-88823-636-7}} {{in lang|zh}} * "[https://cricketarchive.com/Archive/Players/256/256583/256583.html David Landale]", ''Cricket Archive'', retrieved on 18 April 2014. * "[http://www.yorkshire-aircraft.co.uk/aircraft/yorkshire/york40/p4953b.html Whitley P4953]", ''Aircraft Accidents in Yorkshire'', retrieved on 18 April 2014. * "[http://dcodriscoll.pbworks.com/w/page/9956184/Landale Landale]", ''D C O'Driscoll'', retrieved on 18 April 2014. * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140419025149/http://rhkaaf.com/the-people/hon-air-commodores.html Hon. Air Commodores]", ''Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force'', retrieved on 18 April 2014. * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20140419020302/http://www.mundia.com/in/Person/13682005/20292100817 Mildred Margaret Sophia Fortune]", ''Mundia'', retrieved on 18 April 2014. * "[https://web.archive.org/web/20071224163439/http://www.hk-place.com/view.php?id=330 Roads and Railways - Road Names Series V: Roads named after British officials]", ''Hong Kong Place'', retrieved on 18 April 2014. {{in lang|zh}} * "[http://announcements.telegraph.co.uk/deaths/109718/dean Dean, Janet Stewart, formerly Robson, (nee Landale)]", ''Telegraph Announcements'', retrieved on 10 April 2016. * "[http://announcements.telegraph.co.uk/deaths/201164/landale Landale, Sir David KCVO]", ''Telegraph Announcements'', retrieved on 10 April 2016. {{refend}}
== External links == * [http://rhkaaf.com/ Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force] * [https://web.archive.org/web/20140331061702/http://www.jardines.com/the-group/history.html History of Jardine Matheson & Co.]
{{s-start}} {{s-bus}} {{s-bef | before=[[John Johnstone Paterson|J. J. Paterson]]}} {{s-ttl | title=Chairman and Managing Director of [[Jardine Matheson|Jardine Matheson & Co.]] | years=1945–1951}} {{s-aft | after=[[John Keswick]]}} {{s-bef | before=[[Kenneth Murray (banker)|Kenneth Murray]]}} {{s-ttl | title=Chairman of the [[Royal Bank of Scotland]] | years=1955–1965}} {{s-aft | after=[[James Ogilvie Blair-Cunynghame]]}} {{s-off}} {{s-bef | before=British Military Administration, Hong Kong}} {{s-ttl | title=[[Senior unofficial member]] of the [[Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] | years=1946–1950}} {{s-aft | after=[[Chau Tsun-nin]]}} {{S-other}} {{S-bef|before=New creation}} {{S-ttl|title=[[Honorary Air Commodore]] of the [[Royal Hong Kong Auxiliary Air Force|Air Arm of the Hong Kong Volunteer Defence Corps]]|years=1945}} {{S-aft|after=[[S. E. Faber]]}} {{s-end}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Landale, David Fortune}} [[Category:1905 births]] [[Category:1970 deaths]] [[Category:Hong Kong businesspeople]] [[Category:Jardines (company)]] [[Category:NatWest Group people]] [[Category:Members of the Executive Council of Hong Kong]] [[Category:Members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong]] [[Category:Members of the Royal Company of Archers]] [[Category:Honorary air commodores]] [[Category:Hong Kong justices of the peace]] [[Category:People educated at Eton College]] [[Category:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford]] [[Category:British expatriates in China]]