{{Short description|Family of bacteria}} {{Automatic taxobox |image = M. xanthus development.png | taxon = Myxococcaceae | authority = Jahn 1924 | subdivision_ranks = Genera | subdivision = See text | synonyms = * Archangiaceae <small>Jahn 1924</small> * Cystobacteraceae <small>McCurdy 1970</small> }}
'''Myxococcaceae''' is a family of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Skerman | first1 = VBD | display-authors = etal | year = 1980 | title = Approved lists of bacterial names | url = https://www.microbiologyresearch.org/content/journal/ijsem/10.1099/00207713-30-1-225 | journal = Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. | volume = 30 | issue = | pages = 225–420 | doi = 10.1099/00207713-30-1-225 | url-access = subscription }}</ref> The family Myxococcaceae is encompassed within the myxobacteria ("slime bacteria"). The family is ubiquitously found in soils, marine, and freshwater environments. Production of compounds with medical uses by Myxococcaceae makes them useful in human health fields.
==Phylogeny== The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN)<ref name=LPSN>{{lpsn3|family/Myxococcaceae|Myxococcaceae}}</ref> and National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).<ref name=NCBI>{{cite web |author=Schoch CL |display-authors=et al. |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?command=show&mode=tree&id=31&lvl=3 |title=Myxococcaceae |accessdate=2025-06-05 |publisher=National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" |- ! colspan=1 | 16S rRNA based LTP_10_2024<ref>{{cite web|title=The LTP |url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/#LTP| access-date=10 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=LTP_all tree in newick format| url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_all_10_2024.ntree |access-date=10 December 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=LTP_10_2024 Release Notes| url=https://imedea.uib-csic.es/mmg/ltp/wp-content/uploads/ltp/LTP_10_2024_release_notes.pdf |access-date=10 December 2024}}</ref> ! colspan=1 | 120 marker proteins based GTDB 10-RS226<ref name="about">{{cite web |title=GTDB release 10-RS226 |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/about#4%7C |website=Genome Taxonomy Database|access-date=1 May 2025}}</ref><ref name="tree_bac">{{cite web |title=bac120_r226.sp_label |url=https://data.gtdb.ecogenomic.org/releases/release226/226.0/auxillary_files/bac120_r226.sp_labels.tree |website=Genome Taxonomy Database|access-date=1 May 2025}}</ref><ref name="taxon_history">{{cite web |title=Taxon History |url=https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org/taxon_history/ |website=Genome Taxonomy Database|access-date=1 May 2025}}</ref> |- | style="vertical-align:top| {{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80% |1={{clade |1=''Stigmatella'' <small>Berkeley & Curtis 1857 ex Berkeley & Curtis 1875</small> |2={{clade |1=''Hyalangium'' <small>Reichenbach 2007</small> |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=''Simulacricoccus'' <small>Garcia & Muller 2018</small> |2=''Aggregicoccus'' <small>Sood et al. 2015</small> }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1={{clade |1=''Angiococcus'' <small>Jahn 1924 ex Hook, Larkin & Brockman 1980</small> |2={{clade |1=''Archanigium'' <small>Jahn et al. 1924</small> |2={{clade |1=''Cystobacter gracilis'' <small>Reichenbach 2013</small> |2=''Vitiosangium'' <small>Awal et al. 2017</small> }} }} }} |2=''Cystobacter'' <small>Schroeter 1886</small> [''Melittangium'' <small>Jahn 1924</small>] }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=''Citreicoccus'' <small>Zhou et al. 2022</small> |2=''Corallococcus'' <small>Reichenbach 2007</small> }} |2=''Myxococcus'' <small>Thaxter 1892</small> [''Pyxidicoccus'' <small>corrig. Reichenbach 2007</small>] }} }} }} }} }} }} | {{Clade | style=font-size:90%;line-height:80% |1={{clade |1={{clade |1="''Ca.'' Xihecaenimonas" <small>Li et al. 2023</small> [JAEUJP01: GCA_016793725] |2={{clade |1="''Ca.'' Xihelimnobacterium" <small>Li et al. 2023</small> [FEN-1143: GCA_903911905] |2="''Ca.'' Xihemicrobium" <small>Li et al. 2023</small> [JAEUJQ01] }} }} |2={{clade |1=''Aggregicoccus'' |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=''Archanigium'' |2={{clade |1=''Melittangium'' |2=''Cystobacter'' }} }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=''Hyalangium rubrum'' <small>corrig. Zang et al. 2024</small> |2={{clade |1=''Hyalangium'' |2=''Stigmatella'' }} }} |2={{clade |1={{clade |1=''Citreicoccus'' |2=''Corallococcus'' }} |2=''Myxococcus'' [''Pyxidicoccus''] }} }} }} }} }} }} |}
== Morphology and Behavior == Cells can be motile with gliding and swarming behavior. The vegetative cell shape in the Myxococcaceae family is long rods, which vary in size between members. The most common fruiting body morphs are soft hump and knob shaped with possible colors of yellow, peach, white, or orange depending on species. Myxococcaceae are spore producing bacteria and are delineated by their spore shape. The myxospores are oval to round and are optically refractive.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last=Garcia |first=Ronald |title=The Family Myxococcaceae |date=2014 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39044-9_303 |work=The Prokaryotes: Deltaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria |pages=191–212 |editor-last=Rosenberg |editor-first=Eugene |place=Berlin, Heidelberg |publisher=Springer |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-39044-9_303 |isbn=978-3-642-39044-9 |access-date=2022-10-30 |last2=Müller |first2=Rolf |editor2-last=DeLong |editor2-first=Edward F. |editor3-last=Lory |editor3-first=Stephen |editor4-last=Stackebrandt |editor4-first=Erko|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Quorum sensing (QS) behavior is limited in this family. However, there is evidence that some members of the family produce molecules that interrupt the QS of other microbes, behavior potentially useful in predation.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Whitworth |first=David E. |last2=Zwarycz |first2=Allison |date=2020-11-06 |title=A Genomic Survey of Signalling in the Myxococcaceae |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8111739 |journal=Microorganisms |volume=8 |issue=11 |pages=1739 |doi=10.3390/microorganisms8111739 |issn=2076-2607|doi-access=free |hdl=2160/06d7913d-713c-47c0-b0de-c07fe2c853c8 |hdl-access=free |pmc=7694542 |pmid=33171896 }}</ref>
== Relevance == Bacteria in the order of Myxococcales have led to scientific discoveries including the first genome to be sequenced, the primary observation of plasmid replication, and the first discovery of bacteriophage. Members of the Myxococcaceae produce a wide range of secondary metabolites having useful functions and applications. Compounds with anti-microbial, anti-parasitic, and in rare cases, anti-HIV activities have been isolated from the Myxococcaceae.<ref name=":0" />
==See also== * List of bacterial orders * List of bacteria genera
==References== {{Reflist}}
{{Bacteria classification|state=collapsed}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q18378685}} {{Authority control}}
Category:Myxococcota
{{Bacteria-stub}}