{{Short description|Extinct order of fishes}} {{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = Late Cretaceous, {{fossil range|Cenomanian|Turonian}} | image = Ctenothrissa vexillifer.JPG | image_caption = Fossil of ''Ctenothrissa vexillifer'' | taxon = Ctenothrissiformes | authority = Berg 1937 | subdivision_ranks = Families | subdivision = * Aulolepidae <small>Patterson 1964</small> * Ctenothrissidae <small>Woodward 1901</small> | synonyms = * Ctenothrissoidei }}
'''Ctenothrissiformes''' is an extinct order of prehistoric acanthomorph ray-finned fish, known from the mid-late Cretaceous of Europe and the Middle East.
==Taxonomy== * '''Order Ctenothrissiformes''' <small>Berg 1937</small><ref name="mikko">{{cite web |last=Haaramo |first=Mikko |year=2007 |title=''Polymixiomorpha – beardfishes and relatives'' |url=http://www.helsinki.fi/~mhaaramo/metazoa/deuterostoma/chordata/actinopterygii/polymixiomorpha.html#Ctenothrissiformes |accessdate=30 December 2016 |website=Mikko's Phylogeny Archive}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |display-authors=etal |title=Part 7- Vertebrates |url=http://mave.tweakdsl.nl/tn/genera7.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005114629/http://mave.tweakdsl.nl/tn/genera7.html |archive-date=5 October 2016 |access-date=30 June 2016 |website=Collection of genus-group names in a systematic arrangement}}</ref> ** '''Family''' †'''Aulolepidae''' <small>Patterson 1964</small> *** Genus †''Aulolepis'' <small>Agassiz 1836 non Geinitz 1849</small> **** †''A. reussi'' <small>Geinitz 1849</small> **** †''A. typa'' <small>Agassiz 1844</small> *** Genus †''Cyclolepis'' <small>Geinitz 1868 non Gillies ex Don 1832 non Moquin-Tandon 1834</small> **** †''C. agassizi'' <small>Geinitz 1868</small> **** †''C. stenodina'' <small>Cockerell 1919</small> ** '''Family''' †'''Ctenothrissidae''' <small>Woodward 1901</small> *** Genus †''Heterothrissa'' <small>Gaudant 1978</small> **** †''Heterothrissa signeuxae'' <small>Gaudant 1978</small> *** Genus †''Ctenothrissa'' <small>Woodward 1899</small> **** †''C. enigmatica'' <small>Gaudant 1978</small> **** †''C. microcephala'' <small>(Agassiz 1835-1838)</small> [''Beryx microcephalus'' <small>Agassiz 1835-1838</small>] **** †''C. protodorsalis'' <small>Gaudant 1978</small> **** †''C. radians'' <small>(Agassiz 1835-1838)</small> [''Beryx radians'' <small>Agassiz 1835-1838</small>] **** †''C. signifer'' <small>Hay 1903</small> **** †''C. vexillifer'' <small>(Pictet 1850)</small> [''Beryx vexillifer'' <small>Pictet 1850</small>] During the mid-20th century, it was briefly suspected that the ctenothrissiforms could be a Lazarus taxon that survived to the modern day, based on the discovery of specimens of the deep-sea fish ''"Macristium''", which closely resembled the extinct ''Ctenothrissa''. However, further discoveries of "''Macristium''" specimens proved that this genus actually represented the larval form of the aulopiform ''Bathysaurus'', refuting the speculation over surviving ctenothrissiforms.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Taylor |first=Christopher |title=Living Larvae and Fossil Fish |url=http://coo.fieldofscience.com/2009/01/living-larvae-and-fossil-fish.html |access-date=2025-04-06}}</ref>
==Timeline of genera== <timeline> ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px
Period = from:-145.5 till:-65.5 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:-145.5 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-145.5 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify
Colors = #legends id:CAR value:claret id:ANK value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196) id:HER value:teal id:HAD value:green id:OMN value:blue id:black value:black id:white value:white id:mesozoic value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258) id:triassic value:rgb(0.51,0.17,0.57) id:earlytriassic value:rgb(0.6,0.22,0.61) id:middletriassic value:rgb(0.73,0.53,0.71) id:latetriassic value:rgb(0.78,0.65,0.8) id:jurassic value:rgb(0.2,0.7,0.79) id:earlyjurassic value:rgb(0,0.69,0.89) id:middlejurassic value:rgb(0.52,0.81,0.91) id:latejurassic value:rgb(0.74,0.89,0.97) id:cretaceous value:rgb(0.5,0.78,0.31) id:earlycretaceous value:rgb(0.63,0.78,0.65) id:latecretaceous value:rgb(0.74,0.82,0.37) BarData= bar:eratop bar:space bar:periodtop bar:space bar:NAM1 bar:NAM2 bar:NAM3 bar:NAM4 bar:NAM5 bar:NAM6 bar:NAM7 bar:NAM8
bar:space bar:period bar:space bar:era
PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25 shift:(7,-4) bar:periodtop from: -145.5 till: -140.2 color:earlycretaceous text:Berri. from: -140.2 till: -136.4 color:earlycretaceous text:Valan. from: -136.4 till: -130 color:earlycretaceous text:Hauterivian from: -130 till: -125 color:earlycretaceous text:Barrem. from: -125 till: -112 color:earlycretaceous text:Aptian from: -112 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:Albian from: -99.6 till: -93.5 color:latecretaceous text:Ceno. from: -93.5 till: -89.3 color:latecretaceous text:Turon. from: -89.3 till: -85.8 color:latecretaceous text:Con. from: -85.8 till: -83.5 color:latecretaceous text:S. from: -83.5 till: -70.6 color:latecretaceous text:Campanian from: -70.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:Maas.
bar:eratop from: -145.5 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:Early Cretaceous from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:Late Cretaceous
PlotData= align:left fontsize:M mark:(line,white) width:5 anchor:till align:left
color:latecretaceous bar:NAM1 from:-99.6 till:-93.5 text:Protriacanthus color:latecretaceous bar:NAM2 from:-95.5 till:-93.5 text:Aulolepis color:latecretaceous bar:NAM3 from:-95.5 till:-93.5 text:Heterothrissa color:latecretaceous bar:NAM4 from:-95.5 till:-93.5 text:Humilichthys color:latecretaceous bar:NAM5 from:-95.5 till:-93.5 text:Pateroperca color:latecretaceous bar:NAM6 from:-95.5 till:-93.5 text:Pattersonichthys color:latecretaceous bar:NAM7 from:-95.5 till:-93.5 text:Phoenicolepis color:latecretaceous bar:NAM8 from:-95.5 till:-89.3 text:Ctenothrissa
PlotData= align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
bar:period from: -145.5 till: -140.2 color:earlycretaceous text:Berri. from: -140.2 till: -136.4 color:earlycretaceous text:Valan. from: -136.4 till: -130 color:earlycretaceous text:Hauterivian from: -130 till: -125 color:earlycretaceous text:Barrem. from: -125 till: -112 color:earlycretaceous text:Aptian from: -112 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:Albian from: -99.6 till: -93.5 color:latecretaceous text:Ceno. from: -93.5 till: -89.3 color:latecretaceous text:Turon. from: -89.3 till: -85.8 color:latecretaceous text:Con. from: -85.8 till: -83.5 color:latecretaceous text:S. from: -83.5 till: -70.6 color:latecretaceous text:Campanian from: -70.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:Maas.
bar:era from: -145.5 till: -99.6 color:earlycretaceous text:Early Cretaceous from: -99.6 till: -65.5 color:latecretaceous text:Late Cretaceous
</timeline> ****
==References== {{Reflist}} * {{cite journal|last=Sepkoski |first=Jack |title=A compendium of fossil marine animal genera |journal=Bulletins of American Paleontology |volume=363 |pages=1–560 |year=2002 |url=http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class |accessdate=2011-05-17 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110723131237/http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class |archivedate=2011-07-23 }}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q788492}}
Category:Ctenothrissiformes Category:Prehistoric ray-finned fish orders