{{Update|date=June 2023|reason=Numbers and party composition are all from the previous election and the previous session, the infobox in particular}}{{Short description|Indian Parliamentary financial committee}} {{Infobox | title = Committee on Public Undertakings | abovestyle = background:#ccf; color:black; | subheaderstyle = | above = Financial Standing Committee | headerstyle = background:#ccf; | labelstyle = | datastyle = | data2 = | subheader = '''<big>[[16th Lok Sabha]]</big>''' | label3 = [[Date of establishment|Founded]] | data3 = {{start date and age|df=yes|1964|5|1}} | label4 = Country | data4 = {{flag|India}} | header5 = Leadership | label6 = Chaiperson | data6 = [[Baijayant Panda]] | label7 = Chairperson party | data7 = [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] | label8 = Appointer | data8 = [[Lok Sabha Speaker]] | header9 = Structure | label10 = Seats | data10 = 22<br> [[Lok Sabha]] : 15 <br> [[Rajya Sabha]] : 7 | label11 = Party composition | data11 = {{legend2|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (9)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} <br> {{legend2|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (2)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} <br> {{legend2|{{party color|All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|[[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|AIADMK]] (2)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}<br> {{legend2|{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}|[[Telugu Desam Party|TDP]] (2)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} <br> {{legend2|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]] (2)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} <br> {{legend2|{{party color|Shiromani Akali Dal}}|[[Shiromani Akali Dal|SAD]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} <br> {{legend2|{{party color|Telangana Rashtra Samithi}}|[[Bharat Rashtra Samithi|BRS]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} <br> {{legend2|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|[[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} | label12 = Election criteria | data12 = The members are elected every year from amongst its members of respective houses according to the principle of proportional representation. | label13 = Tenure | data13 = 1 Year | header14 = Jurisdiction | label15 = Purpose | data15 = Examining the reports and accounts of the [[Public sector undertakings in India|Public sector undertakings]](PSUs) | header16 = Rules & Procedure | data17 = {{bulleted list|list_style=text-align:left|RULES OF PROCEDURE AND CONDUCT OF BUSINESS IN LOK SABHA[https://loksabha.nic.in/rules/rules.pdf]}} | label18 = Applicable rules | data18 = Rule 312A & 312B (page 115 - 116) <br> Fourth Schedule (page 156) }}
The '''Committee on Public Undertakings''' (COPU) is one of three financial standing committees within the [[Parliament of India]], composed of selected [[Member of Parliament (India)|members of Parliament]] with the stated purpose of examining the reports and accounts of [[Public sector undertakings in India|public sector undertakings]] (PSUs). The duties and responsibilities of the COPU are specified in the [[Fourth Schedule to the Constitution of India|Fourth Schedule]] of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://loksabha.nic.in/rules/rules.pdf |title=RULES OF PROCEDURE AND CONDUCT OF BUSINESS IN LOK SABHA |date=April 2019 |publisher=M/s Jainco Art India |edition=16th |location=New Delhi |pages=150–151 |language=en}}</ref> This committee, alongside the [[Public Accounts Committee (India)|Public Accounts Committee]] (PAC) and the [[Estimates Committee]] (EC), are the three [[List of Indian parliamentary committees|financial standing committees]] of the [[Parliament of India]].
The COPU consists of 22 members, 15 elected by the [[Lok Sabha]], and not more than 7 members by the upper house, the [[Rajya Sabha]].<ref name=":0" /> Committee members are elected annually from among members of both houses by means of [[proportional representation]] through the [[single transferable vote]]. The chairperson of the COPU is appointed by the [[Speaker of the Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha speaker]]. The term of the office of the members is one year. Ministers are not eligible to become a member of the committee. If a member, after being elected to the committee, becomes a Minister, the member ceases to be a member, from the date of such appointment.<ref name=":0" />
== History == The first proposal for a separate [[Public sector undertakings in India|public sector undertakings]] committee was made by [[Lanka Sundaram]] in December 1953, stating the inadequacies of both the [[Public Accounts Committee (India)|Public Accounts Committee]] and the [[Estimates Committee]] regarding public undertakings.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Arora |first1=Ramesh K |title=Indian Public Administration: Institutions and Issues |last2=Goyal |first2=Rajni |publisher=New Age International |year=1996 |isbn=9788173280689 |edition=Revised 2nd |location=New Delhi |pages=522 |language=En}}</ref> In May 1956, [[Asoka Mehta|Ashok Mehta]] also proposed a separate committee for public undertakings, however the then finance minister held the view that the PAC and the EC were sufficient to handle the work load. By 1957, the government had agreed to form a standing sub-committee of the EC on public undertakings. In 1958, the congress formed the [[V. K. Krishna Menon]] committee. which put forward a number of recommendations intended to reconcile the accountability of public undertakings to parliament while keeping their autonomy on one hand and also ensuring efficiency on the other.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/155542/4/04_chapter%202.pdf|title=A Committee is Born}}</ref>
In September 1963, Minister of Commerce and Industry [[Nityanand Kanungo]], put forward a motion in the Lok Sabha proposing the formation of a separate Parliamentary Committee on Public Undertakings. In pursuance of this motion, the Committee on Public Undertakings was formed in effect from May 1, 1964.
== Scope and Working == The responsibilities of the Committee on Public Undertakings are:<ref name=":0" />
* To examine the reports and accounts of public undertakings specified in the fourth Schedule to the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha. * To examine the reports, if any, of the [[Comptroller and Auditor General of India]] on the Public Undertakings. * To examine, in the context of the autonomy and efficiency of the Public Undertakings whether the affairs of the Public Undertakings are being managed in accordance with sound business principles and prudent commercial practices.
The committee from time to time takes up for examination as such any PSU or subjects related to them as they may deem fit and which are within their terms of reference. The depth or Undertaking concerned is asked to furnish necessary material relating to those subjects for information of the Members of the Committee. The Committee may from time to time appoint one or more Study Groups for carrying out detailed examination of various subjects.<ref name=":0" />
== Current composition==
'''Key: '''{{legend2|{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}|[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] (10)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Indian National Congress}}|[[Indian National Congress|INC]] (4)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Samajwadi Party}}|[[Samajwadi Party|SP]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}|[[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}|[[Telugu Desam Party|TDP]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{party color|Janata Dal (United)}}|[[Janata Dal (United)|JDU]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Shiv Sena}}|[[Shiv Sena|SS]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}|[[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} {{legend2|{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}|[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]] (1)|border=solid 1px #AAAAAA}} = 22 members{{Pie chart|caption=Composition of the Committee on Public Undertakings by party|label4=BJP|value4=45.45|label1=INC|value1=18.18|label3=SP|value3=4.55|label2=AITC|value2=4.55|label5=DMK|value5=4.55|label6=TDP|value6=4.55|label7=JDU|value7=4.55|label8=SS|value8=4.55|label9=AAP|value9=4.55|label10=BJD|value10=4.55}} {| class="wikitable" |+15 Members from [[18th Lok Sabha]]; tenure{{Snd}}May 2024-25 !Sr. No. !Name !Constituency, state ! colspan="2" |Party |- align="center" |1 |[[Baijayant Panda]]{{Efn|Chairperson of the committee for the current year.}} |[[Kendrapara (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kendrapara, Odisha]] | rowspan="7" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" rowspan=7| |- align="center" |2 |[[Shankar Lalwani]] |[[Indore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Indore, Madhya Pradesh]] |- align="center" |3 |[[Poonamben Maadam]] |[[Jamnagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Jamnagar, Gujarat]] |- align="center" |4 |[[B. Y. Raghavendra]] |[[Shimoga (Lok Sabha constituency)|Shimoga, Karnataka]] |- align="center" |5 |[[Mukesh Rajput]] |[[Farrukhabad (Lok Sabha constituency)|Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh]] |- align="center" |6 |[[Pratap Chandra Sarangi]] |[[Balasore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Balasore, Odisha]] |- align="center" |7 |[[Chandra Prakash Joshi]] |[[Chittorgarh (Lok Sabha constituency)|Chittorgarh, Rajasthan]] |- align="center" |8 |[[Tariq Anwar (politician)|Tariq Anwar]] |[[Katihar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Katihar, Bihar]] | rowspan="3" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" rowspan=3| |- align="center" |9 |[[Sukhjinder Singh Randhawa]] |[[Gurdaspur (Lok Sabha constituency)|Gurdaspur, Punjab]] |- align="center" |10 |[[Kodikunnil Suresh]] |[[Mavelikara (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mavelikara, Kerala]] |- align="center" |11 |[[R. K. Chaudhary]] |[[Mohanlalganj (Lok Sabha constituency)|Mohanlalganj, Uttar Pradesh]] |[[Samajwadi Party|SP]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Samajwadi Party}}" | |- align="center" |12 |[[Sudip Bandyopadhyay]] |[[Kolkata Uttar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Kolkata Uttar, West Bengal]] |[[All India Trinamool Congress|AITC]] | bgcolor="{{party color|All India Trinamool Congress}}" | |- align="center" |13 |[[Kanimozhi]] |[[Thoothukudi (Lok Sabha constituency)|Thoothukudi, Tamil Nadu]] |[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam}}" | |- align="center" |14 |[[Vemireddy Prabhakar Reddy]] |[[Nellore (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nellore, Andhra Pradesh]] |[[Telugu Desam Party|TDP]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Telugu Desam Party}}" | |- align="center" |15 |[[Kaushalendra Kumar]] |[[Nalanda (Lok Sabha constituency)|Nalanda, Bihar]] |[[Janata Dal (United)|JDU]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Janata Dal (United)}}" | |- align="center" |} {| class="wikitable" |+7 Members from the Rajya Sabha !Sr. No. !Name !State Legislature ! colspan="2" |Party |- align="center" |1 |[[Bhagwat Karad]] |Maharashtra | rowspan="3" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" rowspan=3| |- align="center" |2 |[[Surendra Singh Nagar]] |Uttar Pradesh |- align="center" |3 |[[Arun Singh (Indian politician)|Arun Singh]] |Uttar Pradesh |- align="center" |4 |[[Neeraj Dangi]] |Rajasthan |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" | |- align="center" |5 |[[Milind Deora]] |Maharashtra |[[Shiv Sena|SS]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Shiv Sena}}" | |- align="center" |6 |[[N. D. Gupta]] |Delhi |[[Aam Aadmi Party|AAP]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Aam Aadmi Party}}" | |- align="center" |7 |[[Debashish Samantaray]] |Odisha |[[Biju Janata Dal|BJD]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Biju Janata Dal}}" | |}
== List of Public Undertakings == The scope of COPU is limited to the undertakings specified in the fourth Schedule to the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in Lok Sabha. They are as follows: {| class="wikitable" |+List of Public Undertakings specified in 2019 edition<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://loksabha.nic.in/rules/rules.pdf |title=RULES OF PROCEDURE AND CONDUCT OF BUSINESS IN LOK SABHA |date=April 2019 |publisher=M/s Jainco Art India |edition=16th |location=New Delhi |pages=195–196 |language=En}}</ref> !Part I !Part II !Part III |- |'''Public Undertakings established by Central Acts''' *[[Damodar Valley Corporation]] *[[Life Insurance Corporation|Life Insurance Corporation of India]] *[[Central Warehousing Corporation]] *[[Food Corporation of India]] *[[Airports Authority of India]] *[[National Highways Authority of India]] |Every Government Company whose annual report is placed before the Houses of Parliament under sub-section (1) of Section 619A of the Companies Act, 1956 | *[[Hindustan Aeronautics Limited|Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd]] *[[Bharat Electronics|Bharat Electronics Ltd]] *[[Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders|Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd]] *[[Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers|Garden Reach Shipbuilders and Engineers Ltd]] |}
== Notable probes (2014-present) ==
=== BSNL Salary ratio (2014) === The Committee on Public Undertakings noted in its report: "The staff cost was about ₹ 13,406 crore in 2011-12, that is almost 50 per cent of its revenue, which is abnormally on the higher side as compared to private companies whose expenditure is stated to be in the range of 5-10 per cent."<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 5, 2013 |title=BSNL's salary outgo rises to ₹ 13,406 crore |url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/bsnls-salary-outgo-rises-to-rs-13-406-crore-321821 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |website=NDTV}}</ref>
=== ONGC Videsh Ltd (2014) === Based on the performance audit done by C&AG presented in report no. 28 for the year 2010-11, the COPU had the following findings: "Due to unrealistic estimation of reserves/production, OVL has suffered a huge loss of Rs.1182.14 crore during the period 2008-09 and 2009-10. Since OVL did not chose to farm-out part of its stake to a local partner, the entire loss has been borne out by it,"<ref>{{Cite web |date=February 7, 2014 |title=Parliamentary panel seeks review of ONGC Videsh's Imperial Energy acquisition |url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/parliamentary-panel-seeks-review-of-ongc-videshs-imperial-energy-acquisition-379859 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |website=NDTV}}</ref> Following up in August 2015, COPU stated; "Except reiterating its earlier reply OVL has not offered any justification for its ill-conceived decision not to farm-out part of its stake in IEC to local Russian firms/ entities and its unrealistic estimation of oil reserves and production targets."<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 10, 2015 |title=Parliament Panel Raps OVL for Imperial Energy acquisition |url=https://www.ndtv.com/business/parliament-panel-raps-ovl-for-imperial-energy-acquisition-1205886 |access-date=June 4, 2023 |website=NDTV}}</ref>
== Chairpersons ==
=== Chairpersons of the committee till date{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}} === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Sr. No. !Name !Term of office !Terms ! colspan="2" |Political party <small>(Alliance)</small> |- align="center" |1 |[[Panampilly Govinda Menon|P. Govinda Menon]] |1964-66 |2 |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" | |- align="center" |2 |[[Dwarka Nath Tiwary|Dwarka N. Tiwary]] |1966-67 |1 |[[Janata Party|JNP]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Janata Party}}" | |- align="center" |3 |[[Surendranath Dwivedy|Surindra Nath Dwivedy]] |1967-68 |1 |[[Praja Socialist Party|PSP]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Praja Socialist Party}}" | |- align="center" |4 |[[Gurdial Singh Dhillon|G. S. Dhillon]] |1968-69 |1 | rowspan="6" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] | rowspan="6" width="px" bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" | |- align="center" |5 |[[Mansinhji Rana]] |1969-72 |3 |- align="center" |6 |[[Subhadra Joshi]] |1972-73 |1 |- align="center" |7 |[[Amrit Nahata]] |1973 |<1 |- align="center" |8 |[[Nawal Kishore Sharma]] |1973-76 |3 |- align="center" |9 |[[Darbara Singh]] |1976-77 |1 |- align="center" |10 |[[Jyotirmoy Basu]] |1977-79 |2 |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"| |- align="center" |11 |[[Bapu Kaldate]] |1979-80 |1 |[[Janata Dal|JD]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Janata Dal}}"| |- align="center" |12 |[[Bansi Lal]] |1980-82 |2 | rowspan="4" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] | rowspan="4" width="px" bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" | |- align="center" |13 |Madhusudan Vairale |1982-85 |3 |- align="center" |14 |[[Vazhappady K. Ramamurthy]] |1985-87 |2 |- align="center" |15 |[[Vakkom Purushothaman]] |1987-90 |3 |- align="center" |16 |[[Basudeb Acharia]] |1990-91 |1 | rowspan="1" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] | bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"| |- align="center" |17 |[[A. R. Antulay]] |1991-93 |2 | rowspan="4" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] | rowspan="4" width="px" bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" | |- align="center" |18 |[[Vilas Muttemwar]] |1993-95 |2 |- align="center" |19 |[[Kamal Chaudhry|Kamal Chaudhary]] |1995-96 |1 |- align="center" |20 |[[G. Venkatswamy]] |1996-98 |2 |- align="center" |21 |[[Manabendra Shah|Manbendra Shah]] |1998-99 |1 | rowspan="2" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] | rowspan="2" width="px" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" | |- align="center" |22 |[[Vijay Kumar Malhotra]] |1999-2004 |5 |- align="center" |23 |[[Rupchand Pal]] |2004-09 |5 | rowspan="1" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] | width="3px" bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"| |- align="center" |24 |[[Kishore Chandra Deo|V. Kishore Chandra Deo]] |2009-11 |2 | rowspan="2" |[[Indian National Congress|INC]] | rowspan="2" bgcolor="{{party color|Indian National Congress}}" | |- align="center" |25 |[[Jagdambika Pal]] |2011-14 |3 |- align="center" |26 |[[Shanta Kumar]] |2014-19 |5 | rowspan="4" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] | rowspan="4" width="px" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" | |- align="center" |27 |[[Meenakshi Lekhi]] |2019-21 |2 |- align="center |28 |[[Santosh Gangwar]] |2021-24 |3 |- align="center |29 |[[Baijayant Panda]] |2024-incumbent |1 |- align="center |}
=== Longest serving chairpersons of COPU === {| class="wikitable sortable" !Sr. No. !Name !Terms !Years ! colspan="2" |Party |- align="center" |1 |[[Vijay Kumar Malhotra]] |5 |1999-2004 |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] | width="3px" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" | |- align="center" |2 |[[Rupchand Pal]] |5 |2004-09 | rowspan="1" |[[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] | width="3px" bgcolor="{{party color|Communist Party of India (Marxist)}}"| |- align="center" |3 |[[Shanta Kumar]] |5 |2014-19 | rowspan="1" |[[Bharatiya Janata Party|BJP]] | width="3px" bgcolor="{{party color|Bharatiya Janata Party}}" | |}
== Reports == Since the inception of the COPU, it has presented 604 reports till date. Of these, 301 are original reports, and 303 are reports on actions taken by the Government in response the original reports made by the COPU. Out of those 301 original reports, 37 are horizontal studies on various aspects of working of the public undertakings.{{Citation needed|date=June 2023}}
== See also == {{portal|India}} *[[17th Lok Sabha]] *[[Estimates Committee]] *[[Public Accounts Committee (India)]] *[[Standing Committee on Defence (India)]] *[[Standing Committee on Finance|Standing Committee on Finance (India)]] *[[List of Indian parliamentary committees]]
== Notes == {{Notelist}}
==References== {{reflist}}
== External links == *[http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Public%20Undertakings/pr_files/PR%20(NHAI).pdf National Highway Authority of India report - Aug 2018] *[http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Public%20Undertakings/15_Public_Undertakings_24.pdf BSNL report - Apr 2014] *[http://164.100.47.193/lsscommittee/Public%20Undertakings/15_Public_Undertakings_27.pdf ONGC Videsh Limited report - Feb 2014]
[[Category:Committees of the Parliament of India]]