Display device

{{Short description|Output device for presentation of information in visual form}} {{redirects|Display technologies|the defunct company|Display Technologies, Inc.}} {{Inline citations|date=April 2023}} [[Image:Anzeigen(Displays).jpg|240px|thumb|[[Nixie tube]]s, [[LED]] display and [[Vacuum fluorescent display|VF display]], top to bottom]][[File:Fallblattanzeigetafel ausschnitt ffm hbf.jpg|thumb|Display board at [[Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof]] (2005)]] {{anchor|Visual displays}}A '''display device''' is an [[output device]] for presentation of [[information]] in [[visual]]<ref name="University of West Florida">{{cite web|last=Lemley|first=Linda|title=Chapter 6: Output|url=http://uwf.edu/clemley/cgs1570w/notes/Concepts-6.htm|work=Discovering Computers|publisher=University of West Florida|access-date=3 June 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120614152622/http://uwf.edu/clemley/cgs1570w/notes/Concepts-6.htm|archive-date=14 June 2012}}</ref> or [[Touch|tactile]] form (the latter used for example in [[Refreshable Braille display|tactile electronic displays]] for blind people).<ref name="Office of the Chief information Officer">{{cite web|title=Accommodations For Vision Disabilities|url=http://energy.gov/cio/accommodations-vision-disabilities|work=Energy.gov|publisher=Office of the Chief information Officer|access-date=3 June 2012|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609151025/http://energy.gov/cio/accommodations-vision-disabilities|archive-date=9 June 2012}}</ref> When the input information that is supplied has an electrical signal the display is called an ''[[Electronic visual display|electronic display]]''.

Common applications for ''electronic visual displays'' are [[television set]]s or [[computer monitor]]s.

== Types of electronic displays == {{Main|Electronic visual display}}

=== In use === These are the technologies used to create the various displays in use today.

* [[Liquid-crystal display]] (LCD) ** [[LED-backlit LCD|Light-emitting diode (LED) backlit LCD]] ** [[TFT LCD|Thin-film transistor (TFT) LCD]] ** [[Quantum dot display|Quantum dot (QLED) display]] * [[LED display|Light-emitting diode (LED) display]] ** [[OLED|OLED display]] ** [[AMOLED|AMOLED display]] ** [[AMOLED#Super AMOLED|Super AMOLED display]]

==== Segment displays ==== [[Image:Digital clock changing numbers.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Digital clocks display changing numerals]] [[File:Common segment displays.svg|right|thumb|The common segment displays shown side by side: [[Seven-segment display|7-segment]], [[Nine-segment display|9-segment]], [[Fourteen-segment display|14-segment]] and [[Sixteen-segment display|16-segment]] displays]] Some displays can show only [[numerical digit|digits]] or [[alphanumeric]] characters. They are called '''segment displays''', because they are composed of several segments that switch on and off to give appearance of desired [[glyph]]. The segments are usually single [[LED]]s or [[LCD|liquid crystals]]. They are mostly used in [[digital watch]]es and [[pocket calculator]]s. Common types are [[seven-segment display]]s which are used for numerals only, and alphanumeric [[Fourteen-segment display|fourteen-segment displays]] and [[sixteen-segment display]]s which can display numerals and Roman alphabet letters.

=== Other types === * [[Vacuum fluorescent display]] * [[Electroluminescent display|Electroluminescent (ELD) display]] * [[Plasma display|Plasma (PDP) display]] * Laser-powered phosphor display

[[Cathode-ray tube]]s were also formerly widely used.

==== Full-area 2-dimensional displays ==== [[2-dimensional]] displays that cover a full area (usually a [[rectangle]]) are also called '''video displays''', since it is the main modality of presenting [[video]].

===== Applications of full-area 2-dimensional displays ===== Full-area 2-dimensional displays are used in, for example: * [[Television set]] * [[Computer monitor]] * [[Head-mounted display]]s, [[Heads-up display]]s and [[Virtual reality headset]]s * [[Broadcast reference monitor]] - Industry/non-common consumer directed hardware/equipment. * [[Medical monitor]]s * [[Mobile display]]s (for [[mobile devices]]) * [[Comparison of high-definition smartphone displays|Smartphone displays]] (for [[smartphones]]) * [[Video wall]]s

===== Underlying technologies of full-area 2-dimensional displays ===== Underlying technologies for full-area 2-dimensional displays include: * [[Cathode-ray tube]] display (CRT) * [[LED display|Light-emitting diode display]] (LED) * [[Electroluminescent display]] (ELD) * [[Electronic paper]], [[E Ink]] * [[Plasma display]] panel (PDP) * [[Liquid-crystal display]] (LCD) ** [[High-performance addressing]] display (HPA) ** [[Thin-film transistor]] display (TFT) * [[Organic light-emitting diode]] display (OLED) * [[Digital Light Processing]] display (DLP) * [[Surface-conduction electron-emitter display]] (SED) (experimental) * [[Field-emission display]] (FED) (experimental) * [[Laser TV]] (forthcoming) * [[Carbon nanotube]]s (experimental) * [[Quantum dot display]] (QLED) * [[Interferometric modulator display]] (IMOD) * Digital microshutter display (DMS) * [[microLED]] (in development)

The [[multiplexed display]] technique is used to drive most display devices.

==== Three-dimensional displays ==== * [[Swept-volume display]] * [[Laser display]] * [[Holographic display]] * [[Light field display|Light field displays]] * [[Andotrope]]

== Mechanical types == * [[Ticker tape]] (historical) * [[Split-flap display]] (or simply [[flap display]]) * [[Flip-disc display]] (or flip-dot display) * Vane display * [[Destination sign#Rollsign|Rollsign]] * [[Refreshable braille display|Tactile electronic displays]] are usually intended for the blind. They use electro-mechanical parts to dynamically update a tactile image (usually of text) so that the image may be felt by the fingers. ** [[Optacon]], using metal rods instead of light in order to convey images to blind people by tactile sensation.

== See also == {{Portal|Electronics}} * [[Comparison of CRT, LCD, plasma, and OLED displays]] * [[Graphical user interface]]s * [[History of display technology]] * [[User interface]] * [[Input device]] * [[Text display]]

== References == {{Reflist}}

==External links== {{Commonscat|Display devices}} *[https://www.sid.org Society for Information Display] - An international professional organization dedicated to the study of display technology *[https://www.uwaterloo.ca/stratford-campus University of Waterloo Stratford Campus] - A university that offers students the opportunity to display their work on the school's 3-storey Christie MicroTile wall.

[[Category:Display devices| ]] [[Category:Video hardware]] [[Category:User interfaces]]