{{Short description|Type of grinding machine}} A '''colloid mill''' is a machine that is used to reduce the particle size of a solid in suspension in a liquid, or to reduce the droplet size in emulsions. Colloid mills work on the rotor-stator principle: a rotor turns at high speeds (2000–18000 RPM<ref name=remington />). A high level of {{clarify span|text=hydraulic shear|date=April 2020}} stress is applied on the fluid which results in disrupting and breaking down the structure. Colloid mills are frequently used to increase the stability of suspensions and emulsions, but can also be used to reduce the particle size of solids in suspensions.<ref name=remington /> Higher shear rates lead to smaller droplets, down to approximately 1 μm<ref name=FoodEmul /> which are more resistant to emulsion separation. thumb|Schematic colloid mill
== Application suitability == Colloid mills are used in the following industries: * Pharmaceutical<ref name=remington /> * Cosmetic<ref name=cosmetic /><ref>{{Cite book|last=Hibbott, H. W.|title=Handbook of Cosmetic Science: An Introduction to Principles and Applications.|date=6 June 2016 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-1-4831-8647-4|oclc=952336962}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Handbook of cosmetic science and technology|date=2001|publisher=Marcel Dekker|editor-last1=Barel|editor1-first=André O|editor2-last=Paye|editor2-first=Marc|editor3-last=Maibach|editor3-first=Howard I.|isbn=0-585-40384-8|location=New York|oclc=50321224}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Surfactants in cosmetics|others=Rhein, Linda D., Rieger, Martin M.|date=29 September 2017 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-351-41248-3|edition=2nd, revised and expanded|oclc=1017979590}}</ref> * Paint<ref>{{Cite book|last=Tadros, Tharwat F.|title=Colloids in paints|date=4 August 2011 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-3-527-64160-4|oclc=1180123305}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Modern technology of paints, varnishes & lacquers|date=2007|publisher=Asia Pacific Business Press|others=National Institute of Industrial Research (India)|isbn=978-81-7833-088-4|edition=2nd|location=Delhi|oclc=500577258}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Malshe, V. C.|title=Basics of paint technology. Part 2: for undergraduate students and industrial practitioners|others=Sikchi, Meenal A.|year=2008 |isbn=978-81-903298-4-2|edition=First|location=Mumbai, India|oclc=905247395}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Tadros, Tharwat F.|title=Formulation Science and Technology. Volume 4, Agrochemicals, paints and coatings and food colloids|date=22 May 2018 |isbn=978-3-11-058800-2|location=Berlin|oclc=1037980115}}</ref> * Soap * Textile * Paper * Food<ref name=FoodEmul /><ref>{{Cite book|title=Practical handbook of soybean processing and utilization|others=Erickson, David R.|date=25 August 2015 |isbn=978-0-12-804551-0|location=Champaign, Illinois|oclc=919719609}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Berk, Zeki|title=Citrus fruit processing|date=5 July 2016 |isbn=978-0-12-803148-3|location=London, United Kingdom|oclc=953455849}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Saravacos, George D.|title=Handbook of food processing equipment|others=Kostaropoulos, A. E.|date=29 December 2015 |isbn=978-3-319-25020-5|edition=Second|location=Cham|oclc=933900288}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Berk, Zeki|title=Food process engineering and technology|date=13 February 2018 |isbn=978-0-12-812054-5|edition=Third|location=London|oclc=1023575296}}</ref> *Grease<ref>{{Cite book|last=Pirro, Don M., 1955-|title=Lubrication fundamentals|date=2001|publisher=Marcel Dekker|others=Wessol, A. A., Wills, J. George|isbn=0-585-40441-0|edition=2nd, revised and expanded|location=New York|oclc=62794319}}</ref>
== Rotor - stator construction == A colloidal mill consist of a high speed rotor and stator with a conical milling surfaces
* 1 stage toothed * 3 stage toothed
== Execution ==
* fix gap * adjustable gap
==References== <references>
<ref name=remington>{{cite book|title=Remington: The science and practice of pharmacy|year=2005|publisher=Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins|location=Philadelphia, PA|isbn=9780781746731|page=764|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NFGSSSbaWjwC&q=%22colloid+mill%22&pg=PA764|edition=21st|editor=David B. Troy|access-date=23 January 2014}}</ref> <ref name=FoodEmul>{{cite book|last=McClements|first=David Julian|title=Food emulsions: principles, practice, and techniques|year=1999|publisher=CRC Press|location=Boca Raton, Fla.|isbn=9780849380082|page=172|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=huCSbPwyvBoC&q=%22colloid+mill%22&pg=PA172|edition=2nd}}</ref> <ref name=cosmetic>{{cite book|title=Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology|year=2001|publisher=Informa Healthcare|location=Hoboken|isbn=9780824741396|page=663|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3dzCrVrGuigC&q=%22colloid+mill%22+cosmetic&pg=PA663|editor1=André O. Barel |editor2=Marc Paye |editor3=Howard I. Maibach |access-date=23 January 2014}}</ref>
</references>
==See also== *Homogenization (chemistry)
{{DEFAULTSORT:Colloid Mill}} Category:Chemical equipment
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