Qullasuyu

{{Short description|Suyu of the Incan Empire}} {{Refimprove|date=January 2013}} {{Infobox former subdivision |subdivision = [[Suyu (Inca Empire)|Suyu]] |nation = [[Inca Empire]] |capital = {{ill|Hatuncolla|es|lt=Hatunqulla}} |year_start = 1438 |year_end = 1535 |event_end = [[Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire|Spanish conquest]] |era = [[Pre-Columbian Peru]] |event_post = [[Conquest of Chile]] |date_post = 1541 |image_map = TawantinSuyu QullaSuyu.png |image_map_caption = Qullasuyu within the [[Inca Empire]] |s1 = Viceroyalty of Peru |Divisions = [[#Wamani|Wamani]] }} '''Qullasuyu''' ([[Quechua language|Quechua]] and [[Aymara language|Aymara]] spelling, {{audio|Ay-Qullasuyu.oga|listen}}; ''Collasuyu, Kholla Suyu''; {{langx|es|Collasuyo}}) was the southeastern provincial region of the [[Inca Empire]]. Qullasuyu is the region of the [[Qulla]] and related specifically to the native Qulla [[Quechuas]] who primarily resided in areas such as [[Cochabamba]] and [[Potosí]]. Most [[Aymara people|Aymara]] territories which are now largely incorporated into the modern South American states of northern [[Chile]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]] and the [[Argentine Northwest]] were conquered during the reign of [[Sapa Inca]] [[Huayna Cápac]] in the sixteenth century.

Recently, there have been movements to form a "Greater Qullasuyu" (or '''Qullana Suyu Marka''') which would incorporate a territory similar to the former [[Tawantinsuyu]] in extent. This ideal has been proposed by the office of the [[Apu Mallku]] and the parliament of the Qullana.{{coord missing|Peru}} Qullasuyu was the largest of the four ''suyu'' (or "quarters", the largest divisions of the Inca empire) in terms of area. This ''suyu'' encompassed the Bolivian [[Altiplano]] and much of the southern Andes, running down into northwest Argentina and as far south as the [[Maule river]] near modern Santiago, Chile.<ref>D’Altroy, Terence N. (2005). The Incas. Blackwell Publishing: Malden, p. 86-87</ref> Along with [[Kuntisuyu]], it was part of the ''[[Inca Government#Organization of the empire|Hurin Suyukuna]]'' or "Lower Quarters" of the empire.<ref>D’Altroy, Terence N. (2005). The Incas. Blackwell Publishing: Malden, p. 42-43, 86–89</ref><ref>Steward, Julian H. & Faron, Louis, C. (1959). Native Peoples of South America. McGraw-Hill: New York, p. 185-192</ref>

[[File:Banner of the Qulla Suyu (1979).svg | thumb | right | [[Wiphala]] of the Qullasuyu]] The first large Spanish incursion into Qullasuyu was [[Diego de Almagro's expedition to Chile]] in 1535 in which a large force entered present-day Bolivia, the Argentine Northwest and then Chile.

The modern demonym ''[[Colla (demonym)|Colla]]'' for people of western Bolivia is derived from Qullasuyu.<ref name=identidad>{{Cite journal |title=La identidad camba |journal=La Colmena |last=Makaran |first=Gaya |url=https://www.redalyc.org/pdf/4463/446344468018.pdf |language=es|volume=65–66|pages=112–122|year=2010}}</ref>

== Etymology == [[File:Inca Empire South America.png|thumb|right|The four ''suyus'' of the Inca empire. Qullasuyu appears in blue.]] From [[Quechua language|Quechua]], composite of ''qulla'' (meaning [[south]], but also the [[Qulla people|namesake people]]) and ''[[suyu (Inca Empire)|suyu]]'' (region, quarter of the [[Inca Empire]]), with the meaning of "southern region".<ref>Teofilo Laime Ajacopa, Diccionario Bilingüe Iskay simipi yuyayk'ancha, La Paz, 2007 (Quechua-Spanish dictionary)</ref>

== Wamani == Each ''suyu'' was divided into ''wamani'', or provinces. Qullasuyu included the ''wamani'' of: {{div col|colwidth=23em}} *[[Arica]] or Arika *Cana or Kana *Canche or Kanche *Caranga or Karanka *Caruma *Cavina or Kawina, whose people were “Incas by privilege” *Chicha *[[Cochabamba Department|Cochabamba]] or Quchapampa *Collagua *Lipe *[[Locumba]] *[[Lupaqa]] *[[Moquegua]] *[[Pacajes]] or Pacasa *Qolla Urcosuyu or Qulla Urqusuyu *Sama *Tambo or Tampu *[[Tarata Province|Tarata]] *Ubina *Yampará or Yampara {{div col end}} <ref>D’Altroy, Terence N. (2005). The Incas. Blackwell Publishing: Malden, p. 42-43, 86–89</ref><ref>Steward, Julian H. & Faron, Louis, C. (1959). Native Peoples of South America. McGraw-Hill: New York, p. 185-192</ref>

== See also == {{div col|colwidth=23em}} *[[Antisuyu]] *[[Chinchaysuyu]] *[[Kuntisuyu]] *[[Oroncota]], Yampara settlement and Inca fortress in Bolivia *[[Inca Government#Organization of the empire|Organization of the Inca Empire]] *[[The Chilean Inca Trail]] {{div col end}}

== References == {{Reflist}}

[[Category:Subdivisions of the Inca Empire]] [[Category:Qulla]]