{{Short description|11th-century illuminated Gospel Book}} {{Infobox manuscript <!----------Name----------> | name = Codex of Vyšehrad | location = Prague, National Library of the Czech Republic<br>(XIV A 13) <!----------Image----------> | image = Kodex vyšehradský1.jpg | width = 250 px | caption = St. Wenceslaus in the initial. The new Bohemian monarchy uses the crowning haloed Hand of God in the Coronation Gospels of Vratislav II <!----------General----------> | Also known as = | Type = Evangeliary | Date = cca 1070-1086 | Place of origin = Bavaria ? | Language(s) = Latin | Scribe(s) = | Author(s) = | Compiled by = | Illuminated by = | Patron = King Vratislaus of Bohemia ? | Dedicated to = <!----------Form and content----------> | Material = Parchment | Size = 108 leaves | Format = 41,5 x 32&nbsp;cm | Condition = | Script = | Contents = | Illumination(s) = | Additions = | Exemplar(s) = | Previously kept = Vyšehrad<br>Prague Metropolitan Chapter Library | Discovered = | Other = | below = }}

The '''Vyšehrad Codex''' ({{langx|cs|Kodex vyšehradský}}; Latin ''Codex Vyssegradensis''), also known as the ''Coronation Gospels of King Vratislaus'', is a late 11th-century illuminated Romanesque Gospel Book, which is considered the most important and most valuable manuscript kept in Bohemia (Czech Republic). Its extremely rich iconography and its visual components rank it among the most precious illuminated manuscripts of the second half of the 11th century in Europe.<ref name=kodex/> It was probably made at the order of Czech diplomats to honour an anniversary of the Czech King Vratislav's coronation which took place in 1085 (Vratislav was the first king of Bohemia, which was previously a dukedom). The codex is of Danubian provenance, and closely related to three other surviving manuscripts – two of them now in Poland and one in the Prague Chapter Library. They probably originated in the circle of the scriptorium at the Monastery of St. Emmeram in Regensburg.<ref>Information given to the European Library site by the Czech National Library [http://libraries.theeuropeanlibrary.org/CzechRepublic/treasures_en.xml includes image] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206051223/http://libraries.theeuropeanlibrary.org/CzechRepublic/treasures_en.xml |date=2007-02-06 }}</ref> The manuscript is now located in the Czech National Library, Prague under the signature XIV A 13. In 2005 it was declared as a National cultural monument of the Czech Republic.<ref name=kodex>{{cite web|title=Coronation Gospels of king Vratislav|url=http://www.vysehradskykodex.cz/en/oknize.aspx|website=www.vysehradskykodex.cz|publisher=Vyšehradský kodex|accessdate=1 February 2015|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150304033743/http://www.vysehradskykodex.cz/en/oknize.aspx|archivedate=4 March 2015}}</ref>

The earliest known representation of the ''Tree of Jesse'' is in the book.<ref name=JAHW>Jean Anne Hayes Williams, ''The Earliest Dated Tree of Jesse Image: Thematically reconsidered.''{{cite web |url=http://www.fsu.edu/~arh/events/athanor/athxviii/AthanorXVIII_williams.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2007-02-23 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070125034845/http://www.fsu.edu/~arh/events/athanor/athxviii/AthanorXVIII_williams.pdf |archivedate=2007-01-25 }}</ref> In a paper analysing this image, J.A. Hayes Williams points out that the iconography employed is very different from that usually found in such images, which she argues relates to an assertion of the rightful kingship of the royal patron. The page showing the ''Jesse Tree'' is accompanied by a number of other illuminated pages of which four depict the Ancestors of Christ. The ''Jesse Tree'' has not been used to support a number of figures, as is usual. Instead, the passage from Isaiah has been depicted in a very literal way. In the picture, the prophet Isaiah approaches Jesse from beneath whose feet is springing a tree, and wraps around him a banner with words upon it which translate literally as: "A little rod from Jesse gives rise to a splendid flower", following the language of the Vulgate. Instead of the ancestors seen in later depictions, seven doves (with haloes) perch in the branches. These, in a motif from Byzantine art, represent the Seven gifts of the Holy Spirit as described by the Apostle Paul.<ref name= JAHW /><ref>Epistle to the Romans, Chapter 12: verses 6-8.</ref> Williams go on to compare it with two other famous images, the ''Tree of Jesse'' window at Chartres Cathedral and the ''Lambeth Bible'' in England.<ref name= JAHW />

==References== {{commons category-inline}} <references/> {{Authority control}}

Vyssegradensis Category:11th-century biblical manuscripts Category:National cultural monuments of the Czech Republic Category:11th-century illuminated manuscripts Category:National Library of the Czech Republic Category:Czech manuscripts