Cobitis

{{Short description|Genus of fishes}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Niwaella delicata (Shiga,Japan).jpg | image_upright = 1.15 | image_caption = ''Cobitis delicata'' | image2 = Cobitis paludica 01 by-dpc.jpg | image2_upright = 1.15 | image2_caption = ''Cobitis paludica'' | taxon = Cobitis | authority = Linnaeus, 1758 | type_species = ''Cobitis taenia'' | type_species_authority = Linnaeus, 1758 | synonyms = * ''Acanestrinia'' Bǎcescu, 1962 * ''Acanthopsis'' Agassiz, 1832 * ''Acantophthalmus'' van Hasselt, 1823 * ''Beyshehiria'' Erk'akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1999 * ''Bicanestrinia'' Bǎcescu, 1962 * ''Cobitinula'' Hankó, 1924 * ''Iberocobitis'' Bǎcescu, 1962 * ''Iksookimia'' Nalbant, 1993<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Kichulchoia'' Kim, Park & Nalbant, 1999<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Niwaella'' Nalbant, 1963<ref name=Perdices2016/> | subdivision_ranks = Species | subdivision = {{center|''See text''}} }}

'''''Cobitis''''' is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Cobitidae from temperate and subtropical Eurasia. It contains the "typical spiny loaches", including the well-known spined loach of Europe.<ref name=FB>{{FishBase_genus | genus = Cobitis | month = June | year = 2017 }}</ref> Similar spiny loaches, occurring generally south of the range of ''Cobitis'', are nowadays separated in ''Sabanejewia''.<ref name=Perdices2008>Perdices, A., Bohlen, J. & Doadrio, I. (2008): [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790307001650 The molecular diversity of adriatic spined loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae).] ''Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 46 (1): 382–390.''</ref>

== Species == There are currently 97 recognized species in this genus:

* ''Cobitis amphilekta'' Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2012 (Khvalyn spined loach)<ref name=Vasileva2012>Vasil'eva, E.D. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2012): [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0032945212020154 ''Cobitis amphilekta'' sp. nova, a New Species of Spined Loaches (Cobitidae, Cypriniformes) from the Caspian Sea Basin.] ''Journal of Ichthyology, 52 (3): 200–206.''</ref> * ''Cobitis arachthosensis'' Economidis & Nalbant, 1996 * ''Cobitis arenae'' (S. Y. Lin, 1934) * ''Cobitis australis'' Y. X. Chen, Y. F. Chen & D. K. He, 2013<ref name=Chen2013a>Chen, Y.-X., Chen, Y.-F. & He, D.-K. (2013): A new species of spined loach (Osteichthyes, Cobitidae) from the Pearl River, Guangxi of China. ''Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 38 (2): 377-387.''</ref> * ''Cobitis avicennae'' Mousavi-Sabet, Vatandoust, Esmaeili, Geiger & Freyhof, 2015 (Zagros spined loach)<ref name=Mousavi2015>Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vatandoust, S., Esmaeili, H.R., Geiger, M.F. & Freyhof, J. (2015): [http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2015/f/z03914p568f.pdf ''Cobitis avicennae'', a new species of spined loach from the Tigris River drainage (Teleostei: Cobitidae).] ''Zootaxa, 3914 (5): 558–568.''</ref> * ''Cobitis baishagensis'' Y. X. Chen, X. Y. Sui, N. Liang & Y. F. Chen, 2015<ref name=Chen2015>Chen, Y., Sui, X., Liang, N. & Chen, Y. (2015): [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00343-016-4277-0 Two new species of the genus ''Cobitis'' Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from southern China.] ''Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 34 (3): 517–525.''</ref> * ''Cobitis battalgilae'' Băcescu, 1962 (Battalgil's spined loach) * ''Cobitis bilineata'' Canestrini, 1865 * ''Cobitis bilseli'' Battalgil, 1942 (Beyşehir spined loach) * ''Cobitis biwae'' D. S. Jordan & Snyder, 1901 * ''Cobitis brevifasciata'' (I. S. Kim & W. O. Lee, 1995)<ref name=Perdices2016>Perdices, A., Bohlen, J., Šlechtová, V. & Doadrio, I. (2016): [http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0144628&type=printable Molecular Evidence for Multiple Origins of the European Spined Loaches (Teleostei, Cobitidae).] ''PLoS ONE, 11 (1): e0144628.''</ref> * ''Cobitis calderoni'' Băcescu, 1962 * ''Cobitis choii'' I. S. Kim & Y. M. Son, 1984 (Choi's spined loach) * ''Cobitis crassicauda'' Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013<ref name=Chen2013>Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2013): [http://www.ivb.cz/folia_zoologica/archive/62_83-95.pdf Three new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Xinjiang and the River Le’anjiang, tributaries of Lake Poyang of China, with remarks on their classification.] ''Folia Zoologica, 62 (2): 83-95.''</ref> * ''Cobitis dalmatina'' S. L. Karaman, 1928 * ''Cobitis damlae'' Erk' Akan & Özdemir, 2014 (Dalaman spined loach)<ref name=Erkakan2014>Erkakan, F. & Özdemir, F. (2014): [http://www.hjbc.hacettepe.edu.tr/site/assets/files/1452/hjbc_42_2_275-279.pdf The first new cave fish species, ''Cobitis damlae'' (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey.] ''Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry, 42 (2): 275–279.''</ref> * ''Cobitis delicata'' Niwa, 1937<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis dolichorhynchus'' Nichols, 1918 * ''Cobitis dorademiri'' Erk' Akan, Özdemir & Özeren, 2017<ref name=Erkakan2017>Erkakan, F., Özdemir, F. & Özeren, S.C. (2017): [http://fishtaxa.com/index.php/ft/article/view/2-2-4/87 Two new species of the genus ''Cobitis'' Linnaeus (Teleostei: Cobitidae) from Turkey.] ''FishTaxa, 2 (2): 82-89.''</ref> * ''Cobitis elazigensis'' Coad & Sarıeyyüpoglu, 1988 (Tigris spined loach) * ''Cobitis elongata'' Heckel & Kner, 1857 * ''Cobitis elongatoides'' Băcescu & R. F. Mayer, 1969 * ''Cobitis evreni'' Erk' Akan, Özeren & Nalbant, 2008 (Ceyhan spined loach) * ''Cobitis fahireae'' Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Küçük Menderes spined loach) * ''Cobitis faridpaki'' Mousavi-Sabet, Vasil'eva, Vatandoust & Vasil'ev, 2011<ref name=Mousavi2011>Mousavi-Sabet, H., Vasil'eva, E.D., Vatandoust, S. & Vasil'ev, V.P. (2011): [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S0032945211100055 ''Cobitis faridpaki'' sp. nova — a New Spined Loach Species (Cobitidae) from the Southern Caspian Sea Basin (Iran).] ''Journal of Ichthyology, 51 (10): 925–931.''</ref> * ''Cobitis fasciola'' Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013<ref name=Chen2013/> * ''Cobitis gladkovi'' Vasil'ev & Vasil'eva, 2008 * ''Cobitis gracilis'' Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2016<ref name=Chen2016>Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2016): [http://www.zootax.com.cn/EN/10.11865/zs.201643# A new species of the genus ''Cobitis'' (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from the Northeast China.] ''Zoological Systematics, 41 (4): 379-391.''</ref> * ''Cobitis guttatus'' (V. H. Nguyễn, 2005) * ''Cobitis hankugensis'' I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park, Y. M. Son & Nalbant, 2003 * ''Cobitis hellenica'' Economidis & Nalbant, 1996 * ''Cobitis hereromacula'' Y. X. Chen, X. Y. Sui, N. Liang & Y. F. Chen, 2015<ref name=Chen2015/> * ''Cobitis herzegoviniensis'' Buj & Šanda, 2014<ref name=Buj2014>Buj, I., Šanda, R., Marčić, Z., Ćaleta, M. & Mrakovčić, M. (2014): [http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0099833&type=printable Combining Morphology and Genetics in Resolving Taxonomy – A Systematic Revision of Spined Loaches (Genus ''Cobitis''; Cypriniformes, Actinopterygii) in the Adriatic Watershed.] ''PLoS ONE, 9 (6): e99833.''</ref> * ''Cobitis hugowolfeldi'' (Nalbant, 1993)<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis illyrica'' Freyhof & Stelbrink, 2007 * ''Cobitis jadovaensis'' Mustafić & Mrakovčić, 2008 * ''Cobitis kaibarai'' Nakajima, 2012<ref name=Nakajima2012>Nakajima, J. (2012): [http://mapress.com/zootaxa/2012/f/zt03586p130.pdf Taxonomic study of the ''Cobitis striata'' complex (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae) in Japan.] ''Zootaxa, 3586: 103–130.''</ref> * ''Cobitis kellei'' Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Göksu spined loach) * ''Cobitis koreensis'' I. S. Kim, 1975<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis laoensis'' (Sauvage, 1878) * ''Cobitis laterimaculata'' J. P. Yan & M. L. Zheng, 1984<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis lebedevi'' Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 1985 * ''Cobitis levantina'' Krupp & Moubayed-Breil, 1992 (Orontes spined loach) * ''Cobitis linea'' (Heckel, 1847) * ''Cobitis longibarba'' (Y. F. Chen & Y. X. Chen, 2005)<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis longicorpus'' I. S. Kim, K. C. Choi & Nalbant, 1976<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis lutheri'' Rendahl (de), 1935 (Luther's spined loach)<ref name=Vasileva2016/> * ''Cobitis macrostigma'' Dabry de Thiersant, 1872 * ''Cobitis magnostriata'' Nakajima, 2012<ref name=Nakajima2012/> * ''Cobitis maroccana'' Pellegrin, 1929 * ''Cobitis matsubarai'' Okada & Ikeda, 1939 * ''Cobitis megaspila'' Nalbant, 1993 * ''Cobitis melanoleuca'' Nichols, 1925 * ''Cobitis meridionalis'' S. L. Karaman, 1924 * ''Cobitis microcephala'' Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2011<ref name=Chen2011>Chen, Y. & Chen, Y. (2011): [http://www.ivb.cz/folia_zoologica/archive/60_143-152.pdf Two new species of cobitid fish (Teleostei, Cobitidae) from the River Nanliu and the River Beiliu, China.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170921045829/http://www.ivb.cz/folia_zoologica/archive/60_143-152.pdf |date=2017-09-21 }} ''Folia Zoologica, 60 (2): 143–152.''</ref> * ''Cobitis minamorii'' Nakajima, 2012<ref name=Nakajima2012/> * ''Cobitis minhi'' S. V. Ngô, 2008 * ''Cobitis multifasciata'' Wakiya & T. Mori, 1929<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis multimaculata'' Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2011<ref name=Chen2011/> * ''Cobitis nalbanti'' Vasil'eva, D. M. Kim, Vasil'ev, M. H. Ko & Y. J. Won, 2016 (Nalbant's spined loach)<ref name=Vasileva2016>Vasil'eva, E.D., Kim, D., Vasil'ev, V.P., Ko, M.-H. & Won, Y.-J. (2016): [http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/article/view/zootaxa.4208.6.5 ''Cobitis nalbanti'', a new species of spined loach from South Korea, and redescription of ''Cobitis lutheri'' (Teleostei: Cobitidae).] ''Zootaxa, 4208 (6): 577-591.''</ref> * ''Cobitis narentana'' S. L. Karaman, 1928 * ''Cobitis ohridana'' S. L. Karaman, 1928 * ''Cobitis pacifica'' I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park & Nalbant, 1999<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis paludica'' (F. de Buen, 1930) * ''Cobitis phrygica'' Battalgazi, 1944 (Acı spined loach) * ''Cobitis pontica'' Vasil'eva & Vasil'ev, 2006 (Pontic spined loach) * ''Cobitis pumila'' I. S. Kim & W. O. Lee, 1987 (Puan spined loach)<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis puncticulata'' Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Spotted spined loach) * ''Cobitis punctilineata'' Economidis & Nalbant, 1996 * ''Cobitis rara'' J. X. Chen, 1981 * ''Cobitis sakahoko'' Nakajima & Suzawa, 2015<ref name=Nakajima2015>Nakajima, J. & Suzawa, Y. (2015): [https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10228-015-0476-5 ''Cobitis sakahoko'', a new species of spined loach (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from southern Kyushu Island, Japan.] ''Ichthyological Research, 63 (1): 68–78.''</ref> * ''Cobitis saniae'' Eagderi, Jouladeh-Roudbar, Jalili, Sayyadzadeh & Esmaeili, 2017<ref name=Eagderi2017>Eagderi, S., Jouladeh-Roudbar, A., Jalili, P., Sayyadzadeh, G. & Esmaeili, H.R. (2017): [http://fishtaxa.com/index.php/ft/article/viewFile/2-1-5/82 Taxonomic status of the genus ''Cobitis'' Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Cobitidae) in the southern Caspian Sea basin, Iran with description of a new species.] ''FishTaxa, 2 (1): 48-61.''</ref> * ''Cobitis satunini'' Gladkov, 1935 * ''Cobitis shikokuensis'' Suzawa, 2006 * ''Cobitis sibirica'' Gladkov, 1935 * ''Cobitis simplicispina'' Hankó (hu), 1925 (Sakarya spined loach) * ''Cobitis sinensis'' Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874 (Siberian spined loach) * ''Cobitis sipahilerae'' Erk' Akan, Özdemir & Özeren, 2017<ref name=Erkakan2017/> * ''Cobitis splendens'' Erk' Akan, Ekmekçi & Nalbant, 1998 (Splendid spined loach) * ''Cobitis stenocauda'' Y. X. Chen & Y. F. Chen, 2013<ref name=Chen2013/> * ''Cobitis stephanidisi'' Economidis, 1992 * ''Cobitis striata'' Ikeda, 1936<ref name=Nakajima2012/> * ''Cobitis strumicae'' S. L. Karaman, 1955 (Bulgarian spined loach) * ''Cobitis taenia'' Linnaeus, 1758 (Spined loach) * ''Cobitis takatsuensis'' Mizuno, 1970 * ''Cobitis takenoi'' Nakajima, 2016<ref name=Nakajima2016>Nakajima, J. (2016): [https://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=7733 ''Cobitis takenoi'' sp. n. (Cypriniformes, Cobitidae): a new spined loach from Honshu Island, Japan.] ''ZooKeys, 568: 119–128.''</ref> * ''Cobitis tanaitica'' Băcescu & R. F. Mayer, 1969 * ''Cobitis taurica'' Vasil'eva, Vasil'ev, Janko, Ráb & Rábová, 2005 * ''Cobitis tetralineata'' I. S. Kim, J. Y. Park & Nalbant, 1999 * ''Cobitis trichonica'' Stephanidis, 1974 * ''Cobitis turcica'' Hankó (hu), 1925 (Turkish spined loach) * ''Cobitis vardarensis'' S. L. Karaman, 1928 (Vardar spined loach) * ''Cobitis vettonica'' Doadrio & Perdices, 1997 * ''Cobitis xinjiangensis'' (Y. F. Chen & Y. X. Chen, 2005)<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis ylengensis'' S. V. Ngô, 2003 * ''Cobitis yongdokensis'' (I. S. Kim & J. Y. Park, 1997)<ref name=Perdices2016/> * ''Cobitis zanandreai'' Cavicchioli, 1965 * ''Cobitis zhejiangensis'' Y. M. Son & S. P. He, 2005

== References == {{Reflist|2}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q868117}} {{Authority control}}

Category:Cobitis Category:Cobitidae Category:Freshwater fish genera Category:Freshwater fish of Asia Category:Freshwater fish of Europe Category:Animal taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot