{{Short description|French art historian (1888–1977)}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2025}} {{Infobox person | name = Claude Roger-Marx | birth_name = Jules Anne Claude Marx | birth_date = 12 November 1888 | birth_place = 9th arrondissement of Paris, French Third Republic | death_date = {{death date and age|1977|5|17|1888|11|12|df=y}} | death_place = 16th arrondissement of Paris, France | education = University of Paris, Faculty of Law | occupation = {{startflatlist}} * Writer * playwright * art critic * art collector * art history {{endflatlist}} | spouse = {{marriage|Florestine "Mayotte" Caroline Marie Nathan|1912}} | children =2, including {{interlanguage link|Denis Roger-Marx|fr}} | mother = Elisa Cécile Nathan | father = {{interlanguage link|Roger Marx|fr}} | relatives = {{interlanguage link|Gabrielle Rosenthal|fr}} (cousin) | module = {{Infobox writer | embed = yes | pseudonym = {{startflatlist}} * Claudinet * Claude Roger Marx {{endflatlist}} | awards = Légion d'honneur, chevalier, 1927<br>Légion d'honneur, commandeur, 1956 }} }} '''Claude Roger-Marx''' (1888–1977) was a French writer, playwright, art critic, art collector and art historian.<ref>[http://www.inha.fr/spip.php?article582 ''Les archives Roger Marx (1859-1913) et Claude Roger-Marx (1888-1977), de nouvelles sources pour l’étude de la critique et de l’histoire de l’art en France''] (French), Institut national d'histoire de l'art (INHA).</ref><ref name="ULAN">{{cite web |title=Roger-Marx, Claude (French writer, critic, and collector, 1888-1977) |url=http://vocab.getty.edu/page/ulan/500325034 |website=Union List of Artist Names |publisher=J. Paul Getty Trust |access-date=10 August 2025 |location=Los Angeles |date=2004}}</ref>

== Early life and education == Claude Roger-Marx was born Jules Anne Claude Marx on 12 November 1888 in Paris, to {{interlanguage link|Roger Marx|fr}} and Elisa Cécile Nathan (1859–1933).<ref name="BnF">{{cite web |title=Roger-Marx, Claude (1888-1977) pseudonym international form |url=https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11922388t |website=BnF Catalogue général |publisher=Bibliothèque nationale de France |access-date=10 August 2025 |location=Paris |language=French |date=2003}}</ref><ref name="Marriage">{{cite journal |title=Jules Anne Claude Marx |journal=État-Civil 1792-1902 |date=1912 |volume=1131 |publisher=Archives de Paris |location=Paris |language=French}}</ref>

In 1906, Roger-Marx graduated with his baccalauréat.<ref name="grandchildren"/> Roger-Marx then studied at the University of Paris Faculty of Law.<ref name="grandchildren">[http://www.inha.fr/IMG/pdf/inventaire-fonds-claude-roger-marx.pdf ''Inventaire du fonds d'archives de Claude ROGER-MARX (1888-1977)''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081203015136/http://www.inha.fr/IMG/pdf/inventaire-fonds-claude-roger-marx.pdf |date=2008-12-03 }} (French), biography by his grandchildren.</ref>

== Career == Roger-Marx published two novels, before he wrote plays.<ref name="poesie erotique 2">[http://poesie-erotique.com/poeme.php?id=507 ''Claude Roger-Marx''] (French)</ref> In 1927 he became a chevalier of the Légion d'honneur.<ref name="grandchildren" /> Roger Marx's art collection included Edouard Manet's ''La Sultan''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Altlasten im Neubau |url=https://www.tagesanzeiger.ch/altlasten-im-neubau-574226469302 |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=Tages-Anzeiger |language=de |quote=Von mindestens vier Bildern von Edouard Manet aus der Sammlung Bührle befindet sich das Bild «La Sultane» (um 1871) in der Stiftung. Ursprünglich im Besitz des Pariser Kunstkritikers Roger Marx, durchlief das Bild eine wahre Händlerkarriere: von Durand-Ruel zu Bernheim-Jeune und schliesslich zu Paul Cassirer in Berlin, bis es vermutlich 1928 der Breslauer Sammler Max Silberberg erwarb.}}</ref> and Paul Signac's ''Voiles dans la brume. Canal de la Giudecca.''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sotheby's Impressionist & Modern Art Evening Sale / Lot 5 Paul Signac Voiles dans la brume. Canal de la Giudecca |url=https://www.sothebys.com/en/auctions/ecatalogue/2016/impressionist-modern-art-evening-sale-l16002/lot.5.html |website=Sotheby's |quote=Provenance Galerie Druet, Paris Christian Cherfils, Paris (acquired in April 1905) Claude Roger-Marx, Paris (acquired by 1922) Galerie de l’Elysée (Alex Maguy), Paris (acquired by 1958) M. Knoedler & Co., New York Sale: Sotheby’s, London, 3rd December 1985, lot 21}}</ref> He also used the pen name Claudine'.<ref>[http://www.sosantikvarium.hu/book8019.htm ''Claudinet &#91;Pseud. Für Claude Roger-Marx&#93;: Les vits imaginaires.'']{{dead link|date=August 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

=== Nazi persecution in France === When Nazi Germany invaded France in 1940 in World War II, Jews were persecuted. Roger-Marx, who was Jewish, was suspended from his duties in December 1940.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Claude (1888-1977) |first=Roger-Marx |title=Claude Roger-Marx Collection (Archives 94) |url=https://francearchives.gouv.fr/en/article/87321082 |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=FranceArchives |language=en}}</ref> He fled to Marseille in 1941, and in 1943 to Isère. His art collection was seized by the E.R.R., the Nazi looting organization operating in France.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cultural Plunder by the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg: Database of Art Objects at the Jeu de Paume |url=https://www.errproject.org/jeudepaume/card_advanced_search.php?Card__OwnerId=421}}</ref> His son, Denis, was imprisoned by the Gestapo and executed on February 25, 1944.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MARX Denis, Étienne, Roger - Maitron |url=https://fusilles-40-44.maitron.fr/spip.php?article234716 |access-date=2023-02-10 |website=fusilles-40-44.maitron.fr |quote=Il fut arrêté le 23 février 1944 en gare de Grenoble (Isère) alors qu’il revenait de Lyon (Rhône, aujourd’hui Métropole de Lyon) où il venait d’assurer une liaison. Il fut conduit à l’hôtel Suisse-et-Bordeaux situé devant la gare. Cet hôtel avait été réquisitionné par Aloïs Brunner à son arrivée dans la ville pour loger son équipe de police anti-juive. Le rapport du capitaine Bachasson, chef du 2ème bureau à Grenoble, sur l’arrestation et l’exécution de Denis Marx mentionne toutefois que s’y trouvait également la Feldgendarmerie et que c’est elle qui interrogea Denis Marx. Questionné sur l’adresse de ses parents, il donna une adresse qui, immédiatement contrôlée, s’avéra fausse. Dès le retour des Feldgendarmes, le 25 février 1944, vers midi, Denis Marx fut sommairement exécuté d’une balle tirée à bout-portant.}}</ref>

=== Postwar === His real career as critic and art historian started after the war.<ref name="poesie erotique 1" /> He was a great admirer of art, and became inspector of the Écoles des Beaux-Arts (''schools of fine arts''). He also was ''chroniqueur attitré'' of the ''Figaro'', especially the ''Figaro Littéraire'', its literary supplement, as well as of the ''Revue de Paris''.<ref name="poesie erotique 2" /> In 1956 he was made commander of the Légion d'honneur.<ref name="grandchildren" />

== Personal life == In 1912, Roger-Marx married Florestine "Mayotte" Caroline Marie Nathan.<ref name="Marriage"/> The couple had two children, Paulette (1913–1994) and the French Resistance fighter {{interlanguage link|Denis Roger-Marx|fr}} (1922–1944).<ref name="poesie erotique 1">[http://www.poesie-erotique.net/ClaudeRogerMarx.html ''Claude Roger-Marx (1888-1977)''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090427160952/http://www.poesie-erotique.net/ClaudeRogerMarx.html |date=2009-04-27 }} (French)</ref>

== Works == ; Novels * ''Les Deux Amis'', novel, Albin Michel, 1921 * ''La Tragédie légère'', novel, Albin Michel, 1922 ;Comedies * ''Simili'', comedy in three acts, Stock, 1930 * ''Dimanche'', comedy in one act, Andrieu frères, 1934 * ''Biens oisifs'', comedy in one act, Stock, 1936 * ''Lecture'', comedy in one act, Stock, 1936 * ''La Pensionnaire'', comedy in three acts, Lejeune, 1936 * ''Réussite'', comedy in one act, Librairie théâtrale, 1936 * ''80 printemps, ou les Ardeurs de l'hiver'', comedy in one act, Lejeune, 1936 * ''Nino'', comedy in one act, Les Annales, 1937 * ''Marie ou la Manière douce'', comedy in three acts, Denoël, 1938 ; Art historical works * ''Graphic art [of] the 19th century'' * ''Vuillard: His Life & Work'', Paul Elek 1946 * ''Les Lithographies de Renoir'', André Sauret, Monte-Carlo, 1952 * ''Degas: Dancers'' * ''Delacroix (The Great Draughtsmen)'' * ''Dufy: At the races (The petite library of art)'' *''Dunoyer De Segonzac'', 1951 * ''Daumier: Paintings'' * ''Les Lithographies de Toulouse-Lautrec'' * ''La Gravure originale en France de Manet à nos jours'' (''French Original Prints from Manet to the Present Time'') * ''Bonnard'' * ''Vertès: Un et divers''

== References == {{reflist}}

== External links == * {{DNB portal|121936597|TYP=}} * {{IMDb name|1680300|Claude Roger-Marx}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Roger-Marx, Claude}} Category:1888 births Category:1977 deaths Category:French art critics Category:French art historians Category:Jewish dramatists and playwrights Category:Jewish writers Category:Writers from Paris Category:20th-century French dramatists and playwrights Category:20th-century French Jews Category:University of Paris alumni Category:Commanders of the Legion of Honour Category:Knights of the Legion of Honour Category:French recipients of the Legion of Honour<!-- 1927-->