{{Short description|Diesel multiple unit train}} {{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}} {{Use British English|date=August 2025}} {{Infobox DMU | name = British Rail Class 180<br />''Adelante'' | image = 180 107 Kings Cross(8077807274).jpg | caption = Grand Central Class 180 leaving {{stnlnk|London King's Cross}} in 2012 | interiorimage = Class 180 interior.jpg | interiorcaption = Refurbished Grand Central Interior | stocktype = Diesel multiple unit | service = December 2001 – present | manufacturer = Alstom | factory = Washwood Heath | family = Alstom Coradia 1000 | replaced = {{ubl|InterCity 125|{{brc|222}}}} | yearconstruction = 2000–2001 | yearservice = | refurbishment = | numberbuilt = 14 sets | numberservice = 10 sets<!-- cited in Fleet Details table--> | successor = {{ubl|Class 800 (Great Western Railway)|Class 802 (Hull Trains)|Class 820 (Grand Central)}} | formation = 5 cars per set: {{avoid wrap| DMSL(A)-MFL-MSL-MSLRB-DMSL(B)}} <ref name="Class 180 Angel Trains">{{cite web |title = Class 180 - Angel Trains |url = https://angeltrains.co.uk/fleet/class-180/ |url-status = live |access-date = 29 August 2024 |website = Angel Trains |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240414200536/https://angeltrains.co.uk/fleet/class-180/ |archive-date = 14 April 2024 }}</ref> | fleetnumbers = 180101–180114 | capacity = 287 seats | carbody = Steel<ref>{{cite Q|Q112224328|title=Diesel Multiple Units 2010|page=53}}</ref> | trainlength = {{convert|116.52|m|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} | carlength = {{convert|23.71|or|23.03|m|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} | width = {{convert|2.73|m|ftin|frac=8|abbr=on}} | height = | maxspeed = {{convert|125|mph|km/h|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} | weight = {{convert|252.5|t}} (5-car set)<ref name="Class 180 Technical Data">{{cite web |title = Class 180 |url = http://www.therailwaycentre.com/New%20DMU%20Tech%20Data%20/DMU_180.html |url-status = dead |access-date = 26 May 2021 |website = The Railway Centre |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210806/http://www.therailwaycentre.com/New%20DMU%20Tech%20Data%20/DMU_180.html |archive-date = 27 September 2007}}</ref> Axle load weight 13.25 tonnes | engine = Cummins QSK19-R<ref name="Class 180 Technical Data" /> {{avoid wrap|(one per car)}} | enginetype = Inline-6 turbo-diesel<ref name="qsk19r">{{cite book |title=Every Track – QSK19 for Rail Applications |publisher=Cummins Ltd |location=Daventry |edition=09/08 |id=Bulletin 4087201 |url=https://mart.cummins.com/imagelibrary/data/assetfiles/0043213.pdf |access-date=2 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202140716/https://mart.cummins.com/imagelibrary/data/assetfiles/0043213.pdf |archive-date=2 December 2022 }}</ref> | displacement = {{cvt|1159|cuin|L|order=flip|0}} per engine<ref name="qsk19r" /> | poweroutput = {{avoid wrap|{{convert|559|kW|hp|abbr=on}} per engine}} {{avoid wrap|at 2,100 rpm<ref name="v">{{cite book |title=References: High-Speed Trains and Electric Multiple Units (EMUs) |date=May 2008 |publisher=Voith Turbo |location=Heidenheim |pages=22–23 |url=https://docplayer.net/storage/66/55686535/1669995468/7a0nIY0QG_gGr0MbF9cNdQ/55686535.pdf |access-date=2 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221202143829/https://docplayer.net/storage/66/55686535/1669995468/7a0nIY0QG_gGr0MbF9cNdQ/55686535.pdf |archive-date=2 December 2022 }}</ref>}} | transmission = {{nowrap|Voith T{{thin space}}312{{thin space}}bre hydrokinetic}}<ref name="v" /> {{nowrap|(one per car)}} | uicclass = 2′B′+B′2′+B′2′+B′2′+B′2′ | bogies = Alstom MB2 | brakes = Disc/Hydrodynamic<ref name="PanUp">{{cite magazine |last=Walmsley |first=Ian |title= Treble Tops |department= Pan Up |magazine = Modern Railways | issue=895 | date= April 2023| pages=42–46}}</ref> (Hydrodynamic brake unused in order to prevent the engines from overheating.<ref name="PanUp" />) | safety = AWS<br />TPWS<br />ATP<br>ETCS<ref name="PanUp" />{{NoteTag|ETCS is fitted, but will not be used until ETCS is installed on the East Coast Main Line}} | coupling = Scharfenberg Type 330<ref name="sd001">{{cite book |title=System Data for Mechanical and Electrical Coupling of Rail Vehicles in support of GM/RT2190 |date=22 June 2011 |id=SD001 |publisher=Rail Safety and Standards Board |publication-place =London |page=4 |url=http://www.rssb.co.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/rv_coupling_system_data/SD001.pdf |access-date=22 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120401203135/http://www.rssb.co.uk/SiteCollectionDocuments/rv_coupling_system_data/SD001.pdf |archive-date=1 April 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> | multipleworking = Within type and Class 175<ref name="Class 180 Technical Data" /> | gauge = {{track gauge|uksg|allk=on}} | owner = Angel Trains | operator = Grand Central | depots = {{ubl|Current:|Crofton TMD<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Abbott|first=James|title=Grand Central prepares to expand |department=East Coast Main Line|magazine=Modern Railways |volume=81|issue=915 |date=December 2024 |pages=64–67}}</ref>|Former:|Derby Etches Park|Old Oak Common|Newton Heath TMD}} }} The '''British Rail Class 180 Adelante''' is a class of 14 diesel-hydraulic multiple unit passenger trains manufactured by Alstom at its Washwood Heath factory in 2000–01 for First Great Western (FGW). They are part of the Coradia 1000 family, along with the Class 175.
All Class 180s are owned by Angel Trains. Operations of the fleet commenced with FGW during December 2001, being tasked with express commuter services that used its {{convert|125|mph|km/h|sigfig=2|abbr=on}} capability. However, the type suffered frequent service disruptions due to recurring technical problems, particularly in regards to its hydraulic transmission system. FGW ultimately decided to return all of its Class 180s to the lessor in favour of refurbished InterCity 125 sets; the last train leaving its service in 2009. The Class 180s were held in storage for a time before new operators were secured.
During 2008, Hull Trains replaced its Class 222 fleet with several of the Class 180 sets; it operated the type through to 2020 until its replacement by Class 802 sets. Starting in 2009, Grand Central also leased several Class 180s; it operated the type exclusively until November 2023 when it introduced Class 221s onto some services.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 November 2023 |title=Grand Central introduces Voyager trains on Bradford - London route |url=https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2023/11/grand-central-introduces-voyager-trains-on-bradford-london-route.html |access-date=10 December 2023 |work=RailAdvent |archive-date=10 December 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231210234225/https://www.railadvent.co.uk/2023/11/grand-central-introduces-voyager-trains-on-bradford-london-route.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Five Class 180 sets also returned to service with FGW; the operator's first refurbished unit was introduced on 28 May 2012. These five sets have since been transferred to Grand Central.
The four units formerly used by Hull Trains were transferred to East Midlands Railway, the first entering service in January 2020; these four units were withdrawn by East Midlands Railway in May 2023. Several proposed operators, such as First Harrogate Trains and Platinum Trains, also envisioned operating Class 180s; however, their track access applications were rejected by the Office of Road and Rail (ORR).
== Background == As a part of its agreement to operate the Greater Western franchise, First Great Western (FGW) was required to increase the frequency of its express service from London Paddington to Cardiff to half-hourly. In order to do this, the operator required additional rolling stock suitable for high-speed long distance services. In October 1997, FGW ordered fourteen five-carriage Alstom Coradia diesel multiple-units (DMU) from Alstom; these were broadly similar to the Class 175s that were then under construction for sister company First North Western, the most noticeable difference being the ability to reach speeds of up to {{convert|125|mph|km/h|sigfig=2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=Rail382>{{cite magazine |title = 125mph sleek and stylish Coradias for Great Western |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 382 |pages = 12–13 |date = 3 May 2000 |location = Peterborough}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = First British 200 km/h DMUs |magazine = Railway Gazette International |date = September 1997 |page = 559}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = North Western to get 125mph streamliners in £64m deal with GEC Alsthom |magazine = The Railway Magazine |issue = 1158 |date = October 1997 |page = 55}}</ref>
On 18 April 2000, the first unit was publicly unveiled.<ref name="Rail382" /> Due to late-stage difficulties encountered, the commencement of full main-line testing was postponed until December 2000.<ref name="Rail 400">{{cite magazine |title = Alstom claims 'several' Class 180s will be in use by May |magazine = Rail Magazine |location = Peterborough |issue = 400 |page = 10 |date = 10 January 2001}}</ref> Despite this six-month schedule slippage, Alstom openly claimed that the trains would be capable of entering service in time for the May 2001 timetable change.<ref name="Rail 400" /> The first entered regular service in December 2001.<ref name="Unveiling">{{cite press release |url = http://www.firstgroup.com/corporate/latest_news/?id=002961 |archive-url = https://archive.today/20110604114341/http://www.firstgroup.com/corporate/latest_news/?id=002961 |url-status = dead |archive-date = 4 June 2011 |title = Unveiling of new Class 180 High Speed train |date = 4 September 2001 |publisher = FirstGroup }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Alstom 180s enter service – 20 months after unveiling |magazine = Rail Magazine |issue = 426 |date = 9 January 2002 |page = 12}}</ref> Due to their delayed entry into service, in May 2001 FGW was forced to introduce Class 47 hauled Mark 2 sets on London Paddington to Penzance services to release InterCity 125 sets for additional Cardiff services.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= FGW's extra locomotive haulage | magazine = Rail Magazine | issue=403 |date=21 February 2001 | page=54}}</ref>
== Description == There are 14 Class 180 sets, numbered 180101-180114. There are five cars per unit: two Standard Class Driving Motors, two Standard Class Intermediate Motors and a First Class Intermediate Motor. All coaches are equipped with a Cummins QSK19 diesel engine, which develops {{convert|560|kW|hp|abbr=on}} at 2,100 rpm.<ref name="v" />
The trains feature a hydraulic transmission<ref name="Class 180 Technical Data" /> supplied by Voith, which is a three-speed type, with integral hydrodynamic braking (rated at 750 kW short term, 420 kW continuous). One bogie per coach is powered, with both axles driven. Total vehicle weight is 278 tonnes.<ref name="v" /> The units feature Scharfenberg couplers.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.rssb.co.uk/RGS/Pages/MECHANICALANDELECTRICALCOUPLINGINDEX.aspx |title = Mechanical And Electrical Coupling Index |access-date = 8 October 2010 |publisher = Rail Safety & Standards Board |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131221005408/http://www.rssb.co.uk/RGS/Pages/MECHANICALANDELECTRICALCOUPLINGINDEX.aspx |archive-date = 21 December 2013 }}</ref>
== Operations == === Current operators === ==== Grand Central ==== [[File:British Rail Class 180 at Leeds Railway Station.jpg|thumb|Grand Central Class 180 at Leeds in 2020]] Grand Central initially planned to operate a pair of Class 180s on its London King's Cross to Sunderland service, having secured the rights to a fourth daily service in each direction.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Grand Central to get Adelantes |magazine = The Railway Magazine |issue = 1296 |date = April 2009 |page = 83}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = GC secures lease for two 180s |magazine = Today's Railways UK |issue = 89 |date = May 2009 |page = 63}}</ref> During early 2009, a pair of Class 180s started being operated by the company in conjunction with its three High Speed Trains (HSTs).<ref name="Rail 613">{{cite magazine |title= Two Adelantes on their way to Grand Central | magazine = Rail Magazine | issue=403 |date=11 March 2009 | page=10 |location= Peterborough}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Grand Central to get Adelantes |magazine = The Railway Magazine |issue = 1296 |date = April 2009 |page = 83}}</ref> Grand Central had initially announced that the two units would run as a ten-car train; it subsequently stated that they would be run separately for greater flexibility. Grand Central initially gave its Class 180s the fleet name ''Zephyr''; the established ''Adelante'' name was later re-introduced.<ref>{{cite press release |url = https://www.grandcentralrail.com/about-us/news-press/grand-central-begins-%C2%A39m-adelante-train-refurbishment/ |title = Grand Central begins £9m Adelante train refurbishment |publisher = Grand Central |date = 29 March 2018 |access-date = 28 April 2019 |archive-date = 27 May 2024 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20240527004250/https://www.grandcentralrail.com/news/2020/grand-central-begins-ps9m-adelante-train-refurbishment |url-status = live }}</ref> Maintenance is carried out at Crofton TMD.
During 2010, Grand Central commenced the lease of an additional three Class 180 units for the launch of its new services to {{Stnlnk|Bradford Interchange}}.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.grandcentralrail.com/westridingupdate |title = Grand Central signs up three additional trains for new 'West Riding' service |publisher = Grand Central |access-date = 24 August 2022 |archive-date = 22 July 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120722051947/http://www.grandcentralrail.com/westridingupdate |url-status = dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |last= Miles |first= Tony |title= Third Adelante for Grand Union | magazine = Modern Railways | issue= August 2009 | page=92 |location= London}}</ref> Originally, the service was intended to be operated under the brand name ''Grand Northern'', as part of the parent company Grand Union; in practice, it has been operated as Grand Central so that units can be interchanged between the two routes.
Prior to entering service with Grand Central, the fleet was subject to modification work undertaken by Railcare, during which it was outfitted with Wi-Fi and at-seat sockets, amongst other changes to the amenities.<ref name="gcpr" /> In August 2011, one of the initial two units, 180112, was named ''James Herriot'' at a ceremony held at London King's Cross; it was also the first train to carry Grand Central's new logo and orange stripe livery.<ref name="gcpr">{{cite web |url = http://www.grandcentralrail.co.uk/jamesherriot |title = Grand Central Railway names train after famous Yorkshire vet 'James Herriot' |access-date = 11 August 2009 |publisher = Grand Central |archive-date = 2 August 2009 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090802024014/http://www.grandcentralrail.co.uk/jamesherriot |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = New look GC HST |magazine = The Railway Magazine |issue = 1315 |date = November 2010 |page = 76}}</ref> During September 2009, the units entered revenue service in September 2009, while the Bradford service was launched on 23 May 2010.<ref>{{cite magazine |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 641 |location = Peterborough |title = 'West Riding' services starts in May |page = 13 |date = 7 April 2010}}</ref>
Other sets also received individual names. During October 2010, 180107 was named ''Hart of the North'' as a result of a public competition conducted through the ''Hartlepool Mail'',<ref>{{cite magazine |title= Grand Central name Class 180 DMU ''Hart of the North'' | magazine = Railway Herald | issue=243 |date=25 October 2010 | page=}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=May 2023}} while 180105 became as ''The Yorkshire Artist'' by the artist Ashley Jackson in October 2011, and 180108 was named ''William Shakespeare'' during April 2018.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Name Game |magazine = Rail Express |issue = 266 |date = July 2018 |page = 84}}</ref>
From July 2016, the train operator Arriva Rail North operated a peak morning working between Halifax and Leeds via Bradford, which was worked using a single Class 180 set that was subleased from Grand Central. This arrangement released other DMUs to cover the reduction in the number of units available to hire from TransPennine Express.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/track%20access/2%20completed%20consultations/2016/2016-06-08-arriva%20rail%20north-37th%20and%203rd%20sa-closes%2015%20june%202016/37sa%20class%20180%20july%202016%20rev%2016%2005%2016.pdf |title = THIRTY SEVENTH SUPPLEMENTAL AGREEMENT |publisher = Network Rail |access-date = 31 December 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170101002819/http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/track%20access/2%20completed%20consultations/2016/2016-06-08-arriva%20rail%20north-37th%20and%203rd%20sa-closes%2015%20june%202016/37sa%20class%20180%20july%202016%20rev%2016%2005%2016.pdf |archive-date = 1 January 2017 |url-status = dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Northern uses Grand Central 180 to ease capacity issues |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 805 |date = 20 July 2016 |page = 18}}</ref>
During 2017, Grand Central received the remaining five Class 180s that had been previously operated by First Great Western. Their arrival permitted not only the replacement of the company's HST fleet but also the expansion of its services.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Grand Central to acquire five FGW 180s |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 759 |date = 15 October 2014 |page = 11}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Ex GWR 180s on way to Grand Central |magazine = Today's Railways UK |issue = 187 |date = July 2017 |page = 71}}</ref> In 2018, a refurbishment programme for all 10 of Grand Central's sets commenced at Arriva TrainCare, Eastleigh.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Upgrade for Grand Central Class 180s |magazine = Railways Illustrated |issue = 184 |date = June 2018 |page = 13}}</ref>
In August 2023 Grand Central leased two of the sets which had been withdrawn by East Midlands Railway in May that same year.<ref name="RailwaysIllustrated248">{{cite magazine |title= Grand Central takes on Surplus voyagers |magazine=Railways Illustrated |issue=248 |date=October 2023 |page=22}}</ref>
Grand Central will replace its Class 180 fleet with new Class 820 Tri-Mode trains.<ref name="TRM1490">{{cite magazine|last=Pickering|first=Graeme|title=Grand Central orders new trains from Hitachi and aims to connect Newcastle and Brighton|magazine=The Railway Magazine|department=Headline News|volume=171|issue=1490|date=May 2025|page=9}}</ref>
=== Former operators === ==== First Great Western ==== [[File:Class 180 at London Paddington by Jeremy Segrott.jpg|thumb|First Great Western Class 180 at {{Stnlnk|London Paddington}} in 2016]] The Class 180 fleet was first operated by First Great Western which gave the type the brand name ''Adelante''. They were originally deployed on services from {{Stnlnk|London Paddington}} to {{Stnlnk|Bristol Temple Meads}} via {{Stnlnk|Bath Spa}} and {{Stnlnk|Cardiff Central}} via {{Stnlnk|Bristol Parkway}}.<ref name="Unveiling" /> On occasion, units were also operated to Paignton.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = First Adelante heads west – and is first to visit Paignton |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 489 |date = 9 June 2004 |page = 26}}</ref>
While operated by FGW, the Class 180 suffered from numerous technical problems, including instances of the doors closing and locking quickly.<ref name="news">{{cite news |title = Rail firm goes back to 30-years to boost reliability |url = https://www.standard.co.uk/hp/front/rail-firm-goes-back-to-30years-to-boost-reliability-6678188.html |date = 10 September 2007 |newspaper = Evening Standard |first = Dick |last = Murray |url-status = live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20071222215025/http://www.thisislondon.co.uk/standard/article-23411609-details/Rail%2Bfirm%2Bgoes%2Bback%2Bto%2B30-years%2Bto%2Bboost%2Breliability/article.do |archive-date = 22 December 2007 }}</ref> These difficulties were persistent enough that the train operator decided to begin the early replacement of the Class 180 on the majority of its services, instead opting for considerably older HSTs that had been formerly operated by Midland Mainline before their replacement by Class 222s. FGW later re-leased five Class 180s for operating express commuter services from London Paddington to {{Stnlnk|Oxford}}, Worcester, {{Stnlnk|Hereford}} and {{Stnlnk|Gloucester}}.
A combination of factors, not only the reliability problems experienced but also increasing passenger numbers, reportedly led to FGW deciding to acquire additional refurbished HST sets towards the end of 2007, which became the replacement for Class 180s on the express commuter services.<ref name="news" /> Between 2007 and 2009, the majority of the fleet was returned to the leasing company Angel Trains.<ref name="mmpa">{{cite web |title = News Archive |url = http://www.mmpa.org.uk/newsa.html |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090105164113/http://www.mmpa.org.uk/newsa.html |archive-date = 5 January 2009 |access-date = 26 April 2021 |website = MARLOW – MAIDENHEAD PASSENGERS' ASSOCIATION}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = FGW confirms December 2007 handback for 180s |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 551 |date = 25 October 2006 |page = 52}}</ref>
Although FGW had planned to return the entire fleet in December 2007, it decided to retain three units until the operator took delivery of a cascaded HST from National Express East Coast.<ref name="mmpa" /> A pair of the units operated in multiple on an early-morning Oxford to London commuter service, before being divided to work independently the rest of the day (after returning as empty stock to Oxford) on the Cotswold Line from Paddington to Worcester and Hereford.<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/archive/2008/02/19/News+%28ot_news%29/2051545.Trains_to_be_withdrawn/ |title = Trains to be withdrawn |newspaper = Oxford Mail |date = 19 February 2008 |access-date = 21 December 2009 |archive-date = 5 October 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111005063230/http://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/archive/2008/02/19/News+(ot_news)/2051545.Trains_to_be_withdrawn/ |url-status = live }}</ref> On 30 March 2009, FGW's final Class 180 service was operated.<ref>{{cite news |url = http://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/archive/2009/03/30/Oxford+news+%28om_oxfordnews%29/4246187.Final_train_rolls_into_town/ |title = Final train rolls into town |newspaper = Oxford Mail |date = 30 March 2009 |access-date = 21 December 2009 |archive-date = 5 October 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111005063247/http://www.oxfordmail.co.uk/archive/2009/03/30/Oxford+news+(om_oxfordnews)/4246187.Final_train_rolls_into_town/ |url-status = live }}</ref> The remainder were placed in store from December 2007 at Oxley TRSMD.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = After seven years FGW says adios to Adelantes |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 582 |date = 2 January 2008 |page = 10}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = First 180s move for storage |magazine = Today's Railways UK |issue = 75 |date = March 2008 |page = 66}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Last runs for FGW 180s |magazine = Today's Railways UK |issue = 89 |date = May 2009 |page = 63}}</ref>
During 2009, five Class 180 units (102-104, 106 and 108) were leased by East Coast; they were intended to be operated on new services, however these were abandoned. Thus, all five were returned to FGW, where they were used to increase capacity on Thames Valley services, while three units were operated by Northern Rail in the interim.<ref>{{cite magazine |title= GW mulls Adelante use | magazine = Modern Railways |issue= November 2010 | page=89 |location=London}}</ref> The Class 180s were subsequently re-introduced on the Cotswold Line, which released {{brc|165}} and {{brc|166|n}} ''Turbo'' DMUs for use on Thames Valley services.<ref>{{cite press release |url = http://www.dft.gov.uk/news/press-releases/dft-press-20111122 |title = Thames Valley and West Country Rail passengers in line for extra seat boost |publisher = Department for Transport |date = 22 November 2011 |access-date = 22 November 2011 |archive-date = 3 December 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20111203030824/http://www.dft.gov.uk/news/press-releases/dft-press-20111122 |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url = http://railnews.co.uk/news/general/2011/11/23-return-of-adelantes-to-first.html |title = Return of Adelantes to First Great Western confirmed |work = Railnews |location = Stevenage |access-date = 23 November 2011 |date = 23 November 2011 |archive-date = 5 January 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120105071555/http://railnews.co.uk/news/general/2011/11/23-return-of-adelantes-to-first.html |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Class 180 Adelantes return to FGW to boost capacity |magazine = Rail Magazine |issue = 683 |date = 30 November 2011 |page = 18}}</ref>
On 28 May 2012, the first refurbished Class 180 commenced passenger service.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Class 180s return to service with First Great Western |magazine = Rail Express |issue = 194 |date = July 2012 |page = 58}}</ref> GWR's Class 180s were maintained at Old Oak Common TMD.<ref name="TRM1309" /> During the late 2010s, the type was replaced by new-build Class 800; accordingly, all five units were transferred to Grand Central in 2017.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Grand Central to replace HSTs with cascaded Class 180s |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 842 |date = 20 December 2017 |page = 29}}</ref>
==== Northern Rail ==== [[File:Class 180 NR Oxford Road.jpg|thumb|Northern Rail Adelante at Manchester Oxford Road station in 2009]] During the mid-2000s, Northern Rail leased three Class 180 units (103, 106 and 108); these sets entered service in December 2008. They were operated from {{Stnlnk|Hazel Grove}} and {{Stnlnk|Manchester Victoria}} to {{Stnlnk|Preston}} and {{Stnlnk|Blackpool North}}, prior to the end of 2012.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Third Adelante for Northern |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 606 |date = 3 December 2008 |page = 69}}</ref> These Class 180s were sub-leased from East Coast until the operator could obtain additional long-term rolling stock.<ref name=TRUK84>{{cite magazine |title = Northern takes three 180s for Blackpool services |magazine = Today's Railways UK |issue = 84 |date = December 2008 |page = 64}}</ref> The three units were to have transferred to East Coast after the 18-month contract finished in November 2010. However, East Coast changed its plans and no longer required them, so they remained with Northern Rail until December 2011, at which point Northern Rail took delivery of Class 150s formerly used by London Midland. The last of Northern Rail's Class 180s was withdrawn on 2 December 2011.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = East Coast Class 180s to be retained by Northern? |first = Tony |last = Miles |magazine = Modern Railways |publisher = Ian Allan |location = London |date = July 2010 |page = 46}}</ref> Following their refurbishment, all three units returned to service with First Great Western.<ref name="25yearson">{{cite magazine |last=Russell |first=David |title=The Adelante fleet: 25 years on|department=Feature |magazine=Rail Express |issue=348 |date=May 2025 |pages=68–73}}</ref>
==== Hull Trains ==== [[File:Hull Trains Harringay.jpg|alt=|thumb|Hull Trains Class 180 at {{Stnlink|Harringay||Harringay}} in 2019]] During 2008, Hull Trains arranged for the lease of two Class 180 units to replace a damaged Class 222; these were initially operated alongside the remaining Class 222s between {{Stnlnk|London King's Cross}} and Hull.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Hull Trains starts using 180s |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 591 |date = 7 May 2008 |page = 13}}</ref> Later that year, Hull Trains opted to release its Class 222s to East Midlands Trains and replace them with additional Class 180s.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/east%20coast%20main%20line/east%20coast%20main%20line%20rus.pdf |title = East Coast Main Line: Route Utilisation Strategy (section 4.3.2) |date = February 2008 |page = 71 |publisher = Network Rail |access-date = 29 February 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080529152115/http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/east%20coast%20main%20line/east%20coast%20main%20line%20rus.pdf |archive-date = 29 May 2008 |url-status = dead }}</ref> The acquired units underwent an internal refit, which included the installation of laptop sockets and new coffee machines; this refurbishment programme was completed in early 2012.<ref>{{cite web |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150915005923/https://www.hulltrains.co.uk/about-us/news/2012/11/first-hull-trains-celebrates-success-after-%C2%A345m-mechanical-overhaul-10th-september-2012/ |archive-date=15 September 2015 |url = https://www.hulltrains.co.uk/about-us/news/2012/11/first-hull-trains-celebrates-success-after-%C2%A345m-mechanical-overhaul-10th-september-2012/ |title = First Hull Trains celebrates success after £4.5m mechanical overhaul |publisher = Hull Trains |date = 10 September 2012}}</ref>
In January 2009, the first of Hull Trains' Class 180 units entered service.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Hull Trains to go all Adelante |magazine = Rail Express |issue = 153 |date = February 2009 |page = 4}}</ref> The type provided more capacity than the operator's prior rolling stock, having an additional carriage. However, around their introduction, the Class 180 units were plagued by technical difficulties, and a period of poor reliability for the company followed.<ref name="10 yearshull">{{cite magazine |url = http://www.railexpress.co.uk/news/happy-10th-birthday-hull-trains |title = Happy 10th Birthday for Hull Trains |magazine = Rail Express |date = 23 September 2010 |access-date = 26 September 2012 |archive-date = 16 July 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110716021944/http://www.railexpress.co.uk/news/happy-10th-birthday-hull-trains |url-status = dead }}</ref> However, their reliability since their introduction has improved considerably. Hull Trains opted to refresh their Class 180s, performing a deep clean internally along with the addition of new seat covers and fresh catering facilities for first class passengers, while external work included their repainting into FirstGroup's neon blue livery.<ref name="10 yearshull" /> Due to the Class 180's reliability problems, a HST set was hired from Great Western Railway in February 2019.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = HST enters service with Hull Trains |magazine = Rail Express |issue = 265 |date = April 2019 |page = 79}}</ref> In April 2019, Hull Trains introduced another HST for the same purpose.<ref>{{cite magazine |url = https://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Rail-News/hull-trains-loans-another-high-speed-train-as-it-waits-for-arrival-of-new-60m-hitachi-fleet |title = Hull Trains loans another high-speed train as it waits for arrival of new £60m Hitachi fleet |magazine = Rail Technology Magazine |date = 8 April 2019 |access-date = 16 April 2021 |archive-date = 16 April 2021 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210416174459/https://www.railtechnologymagazine.com/Rail-News/hull-trains-loans-another-high-speed-train-as-it-waits-for-arrival-of-new-60m-hitachi-fleet |url-status = live }}</ref>
Prior to 2018, the fleet operated by Hull Trains were maintained alongside the FGW fleet at Old Oak Common TMD in London.<ref name=TRM1309>{{cite magazine |title = Old Oak to maintain Adelantes |magazine = The Railway Magazine |issue = 1309 |date = May 2010 |page = 81}}</ref> After FGW ceased operating Class 180s, the majority of maintenance tasks were transferred to Bombardier Transportation at Crofton TMD. During early 2020, Hull Trains opted to replace its fleet with new-build Class 802s.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Hull Trains Confirms AT300 Order |magazine = Modern Railways |issue = 819 |date = December 2016 |page = 11}}</ref> The former Hull Trains Class 180s were subsequently transferred to East Midlands Railway. The first of East Midlands' Class 180 units entered service during December 2020.<ref name="MR868" /><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Hitachi rumoured to have won EMR bi-mode deal |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 884 |date = 31 July 2019 |page = 28}}</ref>
==== Arriva Rail North ==== On 11 July 2016, Arriva Rail North commenced the lease of a single Class 180 from sister Arriva company Grand Central; it ran once per day from Monday to Friday to provide additional peak time capacity on the Calder Valley Line.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Northern uses Grand Central '180' to ease capacity issues |magazine = Rail Magazine |issue = 805 |date = 20 July 2016 |page = 18 }}</ref> By the May 2018 timetable, the unit was diagrammed to operate a morning peak service from Hebden Bridge to Leeds, and an evening peak return; both services called at all stations en-route, except for {{rws|Low Moor}}.<ref>{{cite web |title = Train times 45 Leeds to Hebden Bridge and Huddersfield 9 December 2018 – 18 May 2019 |url = https://d2cf7kiw5xizhy.cloudfront.net/images/timetables/bucket/leeds-to-hebden-bridge-and-huddersfield-1675.pdf |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190512161131/https://d2cf7kiw5xizhy.cloudfront.net/images/timetables/bucket/leeds-to-hebden-bridge-and-huddersfield-1675.pdf |archive-date = 12 May 2019 |access-date = 26 April 2021}}</ref>
==== East Midlands Railway==== [[File:PXL 20210429 142730351(1).jpg|thumb|East Midlands Railway Class 180 at Leicester in 2021]] As part of its contract to operate the East Midlands franchise, East Midlands Railway announced that it would lease the four units once released by Hull Trains as part of its commitment to replace all its HSTs with more accessible stock.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=A New Era for the East Midlands as Abellio starts its fifth franchise |magazine=Today's Railways UK |publisher=Platform 5 Publishing |place=Sheffield |issue=214 |date=October 2019 |page=27}}</ref> These were operated alongside the Class 222s on EMR's Intercity services between London St Pancras and Nottingham.<ref>{{cite news |date=5 November 2019 |title=December debut for Hull Trains 'Paragon' fleet |publisher=Mortons Media Group |place=Horncastle |work=The Railway Hub |url=https://www.therailwayhub.co.uk/9162/december-debut-for-hull-trains-paragon-fleet/ |access-date=19 January 2021 |archive-date=22 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210122223224/https://www.therailwayhub.co.uk/9162/december-debut-for-hull-trains-paragon-fleet/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
In January 2020, the first pair arrived at Derby Etches Park.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=EMR receives its first 180s |magazine=Rail Magazine |publisher=Bauer Consumer Media |location=Peterborough |issue=897 |date=29 January 2020 |page=33}}</ref> By August 2020, EMR had received all four of the Class 180s, despite the transfer of the last two units being delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and driver training commenced during the following month.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=More ex-Hull 180s move to Derby |magazine=The Railway Magazine |publisher=Mortons Media Group |place=Horncastle |issue=1453 |date=August 2020 |page=80}}</ref>
In September 2020, the first unit, 180111, emerged from Derby Etches Park in EMR livery.<ref>{{cite news |date=19 October 2020 |title=Aubergine skin: The first Class 180 EMR Intercity design |first=Lubomir |last=Cech |url=https://railcolornews.com/2020/10/19/uk-aubergine-skin-first-class-180-emr-intercity-design/ |access-date=19 January 2021 |work=Railcolor News |publisher=Railcolor-Ziemon |archive-date=17 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117173945/https://railcolornews.com/2020/10/19/uk-aubergine-skin-first-class-180-emr-intercity-design/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On 13 December 2020, all entered service.<ref name=MR868>{{cite magazine |title=EMR introduces 180s |magazine=Modern Railways |publisher=Key Publishing |place=Stamford |issue=868 |date=January 2021 |page=104}}</ref>
In 2021, 180110 was converted to a four-carriage set with carriage 56910 removed due to excessive corrosion.<ref name="RIDecember2021">{{cite magazine |title=Unit Focus |magazine=Railways Illustrated |date=December 2021 |page=19 |publisher=Mortons Media Group |location=Horncastle}}</ref> From July until September 2022, Class 180s operated Summer Saturday services from Derby to Skegness.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Cautious changes for post Covid era |magazine=Modern Railways |date=May 2022 |issue=884 |page=63 |publisher=Key Publishing |location=Stamford}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Class 180 Adelante |magazine=Rail Express |date=June 2022 |issue=313 |page=27 |publisher=Mortons Media Group |location=Horncastle}}</ref>
All were scheduled to be directly replaced by new Class 810 units,<ref>{{cite magazine |title=EMR welcomes first LNER HST into passenger service |magazine=Rail Magazine |date=28 May 2020 |issue=905 |page=25 |publisher=Bauer Consumer Media |location=Peterborough}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Fit ETCS as standard to new trains, says NR digital chief |magazine=Rail Magazine |publisher=Bauer Consumer Media |location=Peterborough |issue=919 |date=2 December 2020 |page=22}}</ref> but in March 2023 it was confirmed that EMR's Class 180 fleet would be withdrawn at the May 2023 timetable change even though the first Class 810 are not expected to enter service until 2024.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=EMR to lose Class 180 fleet |magazine=Rail Express |publisher=Mortons Media Group |place=Horncastle |issue=322 |date=March 2023 |page=11}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=EMR confirms withdrawal of Class 180s |magazine=Modern Railways |publisher=Key Publishing |place=Stamford |issue=895 |date=March 2023 |page=11}}</ref>
East Midlands Railway withdrew its Class 180 fleet in May 2023.<ref name="Rail984">{{cite magazine |title=EMR stands down '180s' and '156s' |magazine=Rail Magazine |issue=984|date=31 May 2023| page=23}}</ref>
=== Aborted proposals === ==== East Coast ==== In March 2008, National Express East Coast (NXEC) requested additional services to a number of destinations in its application for access rights on the East Coast Main Line, stating that, in addition to its existing InterCity 125 and InterCity 225 sets, it would require as many as nine Class 180 units.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/s18-ecml-NEX_sum_280308.pdf |title = East Coast- Track Access Rights on the East Coast Main Line |publisher = Office of Rail Regulation |date = 28 March 2008 |access-date = 23 April 2008 |archive-date = 25 June 2008 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080625114134/http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/s18-ecml-NEX_sum_280308.pdf |url-status = dead }}</ref> The routes proposed were London to Lincoln (with one train per day extended to Cleethorpes) and London to Harrogate via York. Following NXEC's demise, successor East Coast decided to press ahead with the plans with three Class 180s temporarily sub-leased to Northern Rail.<ref name="TRUK84" /><ref>{{cite magazine |title = We'll just have to put up with 180s says East Coast |magazine = The Railway Magazine |issue = 1304 |date = December 2009 |page = 8}}</ref> However, the planned services were never introduced.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = East Coast slashes all but one Lincoln service |magazine = Rail Magazine|issue = 647 |date = 30 June 2010 |page = 12}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1 = Miles |first1 = Tony |title = DOR evaluates alternative to Adelante sets |journal = Modern Railways |location = London |date = November 2009 |page = 74}}</ref>
==== First Harrogate Trains ==== During the late 2000s, First Harrogate Trains proposed to operate services from London King's Cross to Harrogate with Class 180s.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Three companies want East Coast paths |magazine = Today's Railways UK |issue = 78 |date = June 2008 |page = 6}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Hull Trains applies to serve Harrogate four times a day |magazine = Rail |issue = 594 |date = 18 June 2008 |page = 12}}</ref> The company's track access application was rejected by the Office of Rail Regulation as the proposed route was deemed to largely duplicate those already provisioned by NXEC, leading to economic concerns.<ref name="ORR28Jan09" />
==== Platinum Trains ==== In the late 2000s, Platinum Trains had planned to use Class 180 units on an Aberdeen to London King's Cross service.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Platinum wants rights to Scotland but not ORCATS |magazine = Rail |issue = 602 |date = 8 October 2008 |page = 20}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20081108035422/http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/s17-platinum-appform.pdf |archive-date=8 November 2008 |url = http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/s17-platinum-appform.pdf |title = Application to the Office of Rail Regulation for a passenger track access contract under section 17 of the Railways Act 1993 |publisher = Office of Rail Regulation |date = 16 October 2008}}</ref> The company's track access application was rejected by the Office of Rail Regulation, primarily due to concerns over the ratio of revenue abstraction (from existing operators) to revenue generation (from new travellers), and secondarily that the journey times sought would be difficult to regularly achieve.<ref name="ORR28Jan09">{{cite web |archive-url = http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20090324151301/http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/ecml-cap2_propdec_280109.pdf |archive-date=24 March 2009 |url = http://www.rail-reg.gov.uk/upload/pdf/ecml-cap2_propdec_280109.pdf |title = ORR Track Access Rights Application Decision for ECML – 28 January 2009 |publisher = Office of Rail Regulation |date = 29 January 2009}}</ref>
==== Virgin Trains ==== During 2008, the train operating company Virgin Trains West Coast leased a pair of Class 180 units from Angel Trains, intending to use them as standby units on the West Coast Main Line following the loss of a Class 390 ''Pendolino'' in the Grayrigg derailment. Described as 'strategic standby' units by the company, they were ultimately returned to Angel Trains without ever being used following the decision to use a Class 90 locomotive and Mark 3 coaching stock instead.<ref>{{cite magazine |title = Virgin returns two unused Adelantes to Angel Trains |magazine = Rail Magazine|location = Peterborough |issue = 604 |page = 14 |date = 5 November 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title = Virgin drops Adelantes…but Northern takes two on |magazine = The Railway Magazine |issue = 1292 |date = December 2008 |page = 72}}</ref>
== Fleet details == {|class="wikitable" |- !Class !Operator !Qty. !Year built !Cars per unit !Unit numbers |- ! rowspan="2" |180 |Grand Central |align="center" |10 | rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;" |2000–2001 | rowspan="2" align="center" |5 |180101–180108, 180112, 180114<ref name="RailwaysIllustrated248" /> |- |Stored |align="center" |4 |180109-180111 180113<ref name="Rail984" /><ref>{{cite magazine |last=Pickering|first=Graeme|title= Grand Central 'confidant' fleet reliability will improve |department=Traction & Stock| magazine= The Railway Magazine |issue=1480|volume=170|date=July 2024|page=89}}</ref> |} ===Named units=== Some units have received names:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Our trains |url=https://www.grandcentralrail.com/travelling-with-gc/on-board/our-trains |access-date=21 September 2024|website=Grand Central}}</ref> *180105 ''Ashley Jackson - The Yorkshire Artist'' *180107 ''Hart of the North'' *180108 ''William Shakespeare'' *180112 ''James Herriot'' *180114 ''Kirkgate Calling''
== See also == * List of high speed trains
==Notes== {{NoteFoot}}
== References == {{Reflist}}
== External links == {{Commons category inline|British Rail Class 180}}
{{Coradia/Juniper}} {{British Rail DMU}} {{High-speed rail}}
180 Category:Alstom Coradia Category:High-speed trains of the United Kingdom Category:Passenger trains running at least at 200 km/h in commercial operations Category:Train-related introductions in 2001