{{Short description|Species of flowering plants}} {{Speciesbox |taxon = Cistus inflatus |image = Cistaceae Cistus inflatus 1.jpg |status = LC |status_system = IUCN3.1 |status_ref = <ref name=iucn>{{Cite iucn |title=''Cistus psilosepalus'' |author=Buira, A., Carapeto, A., García Murillo, P.G. & Monteiro-Henriques, T. |name-list-style=amp |article-number= e.T83723493A86135846 |date=2017 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T83723493A86135846.en |access-date=26 January 2024}}</ref> |authority = [[Pierre André Pourret|Pourr.]] ex [[Jean-Pierre Demoly|J.-P.Demoly]]<ref name=TPL_kew-2723453/> |synonyms = * ''Cistus hirsutus'' <small>[[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck|Lam.]] (1786), nom. illeg., non Lam. (1779)</small> * ''Cistus psilosepalus'' <small>[[Auctorum|auct.]], non [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Sweet]]</small> }}
'''''Cistus inflatus''''' is a [[shrub]]by [[species]] of [[flowering plant]] in the family [[Cistaceae]], often known as '''''Cistus psilosepalus''''', although this name is a [[Synonym (biology)|synonym]] of the hybrid ''Cistus'' × ''laxus''. It has white flowers.
==Description== ''Cistus inflatus'' is a slightly spreading shrub, up to {{convert|1|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} tall. It leaves are green, oblong in shape, usually {{convert|2|–|6|cm|in|abbr=on|1}} long by {{convert|5|–|20|mm|in|abbr=on|1}} wide, with turned under (revolute) margins, variably hairy, with long simple and stellate hairs on both sides. The leaves are unstalked (sessile) and, at least near the base, have three veins. The flowers are arranged in [[cyme (botany)|cyme]]s with one to five individual flowers, each {{convert|4|–|6|cm|in|abbr=on|1}} across with five white [[petal]]s with narrowed yellow bases, and five [[sepal]]s. The [[Style (botany)|style]] is very short.<ref name=Warb68/><ref name=LCVH/>
==Taxonomy== ''Cistus inflatus'' has a somewhat confused nomenclatural history. In 1786, [[Jean-Baptiste Lamarck]] described this species under the name ''Cistus hirsutus'', but it was an [[Nomen illegitimum|illegitimate name]] since he had earlier used it for a different species.<ref name=IPNI_77069425-1/><ref name=GRIN_402755/> In 1826, [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Robert Sweet]] published the name ''Cistus psilosepalus'',<ref name=TPL_kew-2723599/> which was then applied to this species by many authors.<ref name=GRIN_402755/> In 1997, [[Jean-Pierre Demoly]] identified Sweet's [[Type (biology)|type]] as ''C.'' × ''laxus'' <small>Aiton</small>, a hybrid between this species and ''[[Cistus populifolius|C. populifolius]]''.<ref name=LCVH/><ref name=GRIN_402755/><ref name=Demo98/> As the name ''Cistus laxus'' was published by Aiton in 1789, it has priority over the name ''Cistus psilosepalus'', which becomes a [[Synonym (taxonomy)|synonym]]. Demoly revived a name used (but not published) by [[Pierre André Pourret]], namely ''C. inflatus''.<ref name=Demo98/>
In summary, in Demoly's analysis: * ''Cistus psilosepalus'' <small>Sweet</small> is a synonym of ''Cistus'' × ''laxus'' <small>Aiton</small> * ''Cistus psilosepalus'' <small>auct., non Sweet</small> has incorrectly been used for what is now ''Cistus inflatus'' <small>Pourr. ex J.-P.Demoly</small>
Sweet called his ''C. psilosepalus'' "the smooth sepaled rock-rose" (the meaning of the epithet), describing it as "differing from all others ... by its smooth glossy sepals",<ref name=Swee26/> whereas later sources (including ''[[Flora Europaea]]'') described ''C. psilosepalus'' as having hairy sepals.<ref name=Warb68/> In ''C.'' × ''laxus'' the backs of the outer sepals are hairless (glabrous); in ''C.'' ''inflatus'' they are hairy.<ref name=LCVH/>
A 2011 [[Molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic study]] placed ''C. inflatus'' in the [[Cistus#Phylogeny|white and whitish pink clade]] of ''Cistus'' species. No particularly close relationship to any other species in the clade was identified.<ref name=CiveLeclDemoAgna11/>
==Phylogeny== ''Cistus inflatus'' belongs to the white and whitish pink flowered clade of ''Cistus'' species.
{{cladogram |title=Species-level cladogram of ''Cistus'' species. |caption=Species-level cladogram of ''Cistus'' species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.<ref name=GuzmVarg05>{{cite journal |last1=Guzmán |first1=B. |last2=Vargas |first2=P. |year=2005 |title=Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of ''Cistus'' L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=644–660 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026 |name-list-style=amp |pmid=16055353}}</ref><ref name=GuzmVarg09>{{cite journal |last1=Guzmán |first1=B. |last2=Vargas |first2=P. |date=2009 |title=Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences |journal=Organisms Diversity & Evolution |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=83–99 |doi=10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001 |name-list-style=amp}}</ref><ref name=GuzmLled09>{{cite journal |last1=Guzman |first1=B. |last2=Lledo |first2=M.D. |last3=Vargas |first3=P. |year=2009 |title=Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean ''Cistus'' (Cistaceae) |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=4 |issue=7 |article-number=e6362 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0006362 |name-list-style=amp |pmid=19668338 |pmc=2719431|bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.6362G |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref name=CiveLeclDemoAgna11 /> |align=center |clades={{Cladogram of Cistus species}} }}
==Distribution== ''Cistus inflatus'' (generally recorded as ''C. psilosepalus'') is native to [[Portugal]], western [[Spain]], and two small regions of north-west [[France]].<ref name=Warb68/><ref name=eFlo/>
==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=CiveLeclDemoAgna11>{{Cite journal |last1=Civeyrel |first1=Laure |last2=Leclercq |first2=Julie |last3=Demoly |first3=Jean-Pierre |last4=Agnan |first4=Yannick |last5=Quèbre |first5=Nicolas |last6=Pélissier |first6=Céline |last7=Otto |first7=Thierry |year=2011 |title=Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of Cistus and Halimium (Cistaceae) |journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution |volume=295 |issue=1–4 |pages=23–54 |doi=10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7 |s2cid=21995828 |name-list-style=amp |hdl=2078.1/219851 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>
<ref name=Demo98>{{citation |last=Demoly |first=J.-P. |date=1997 |title=L'identité du ''Cistus psilosepalus'' Sw. (Cistaceae) |journal=Acta Botanica Gallica |volume=144 |issue=1 |pages=35–44 |language=French }}, [http://agris.fao.org/agris-search/search.do?recordID=AV20120148843 abstract] (in French and English)</ref>
<ref name=eFlo>{{Citation |title=''Cistus inflatus'' Pourr. ex Demoly |website=eFlore |publisher=Association Tela Botanica |url=http://www.tela-botanica.org/bdtfx-nn-17993-synthese |access-date=2015-03-14 |language=French }}</ref>
<ref name=GRIN_402755>{{GRIN | ''Cistus psilosepalus'' auct. | 402755 | accessdate=2015-03-14 }}</ref>
<ref name=IPNI_77069425-1>{{citation |title=Cistaceae ''Cistus hirsutus'' Lam. |website=The International Plant Names Index |url=http://www.ipni.org/ipni/idPlantNameSearch.do?id=77069425-1 |access-date=2015-03-14}}</ref>
<ref name=LCVH>{{citation|title=Cistaceae ''Cistus inflatus'' Pourr. |website=Living Collection Virtual Herbarium |publisher=Sven Landrein |url=http://svenlandrein.com/virtherbpages/20032375.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103436/http://svenlandrein.com/virtherbpages/20032375.html |access-date=2015-03-14 |archive-date=2015-04-02 }}</ref>
<ref name=Swee26>{{Citation |last=Sweet |first=Robert |date=1826 |contribution=33 ''Cistus psilosepalus'' |title=Cistineae: the natural order of ''Cistus'' or Rock-rose |publisher=James Ridgeway |publication-place=London |contribution-url=https://archive.org/stream/cistineaenatura00sweegoog#page/n138/mode/2up |access-date=2015-03-15 }}</ref>
<ref name=TPL_kew-2723453>{{citation |title=''Cistus inflatus'' |work=The Plant List |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2723453 |access-date=2015-03-02}}</ref>
<ref name=TPL_kew-2723599>{{citation |title=''Cistus psilosepalus'' |work=The Plant List |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2723599 |access-date=2015-03-14}}</ref>
<ref name=Warb68>{{Citation |last=Warburg |first=E.F. |year=1968 |editor-last=Tutin |editor-first=T.G. |editor2-last=Heywood |editor2-first=V.H. |editor3-last=Burges |editor3-first=N.A. |editor4-last=Valentine |editor4-first=D.H. |editor5-last=Walters |editor5-first=S.M. |editor6-last=Webb |editor6-first=D.A. |contribution=Cistus psilosepalus |title=Flora Europaea, Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae |page=283 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-06662-4 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref> }}
==External links== *{{Citation|last=Page |first=R.G. |date=n.d. |orig-date=2002 onwards |title=''Cistus inflatus'' Pourr. ex Demoly |website=The Cistus & Halimium Website |url=http://www.cistuspage.org.uk/Cistus%20inflatus.htm |access-date=2015-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923203730/http://www.cistuspage.org.uk/Cistus%20inflatus.htm |archive-date=2015-09-23 }}; includes photograph
{{Taxonbar|from=Q15330550}}
[[Category:Cistus|inflatus]] [[Category:Taxa named by Pierre André Pourret]]