Cistus clusii

{{Short description|Species of flowering plants in the rock rose family Cistaceae}} {{Speciesbox |taxon = Cistus clusii |image = Cistus clusii2.jpg |authority = Dunal<ref name=TPL_kew-2723324/> |synonyms = *''Cistus fastigiatus'' Guss. *''Cistus rosmarinifolius'' Pourr. *''Cistus sedjera'' Pomel *''[[Cistus libanotis]]'' [[auctorum|auct. mult.]], non L.<ref name=Warb68/> |synonyms_ref = <ref name=TPL_kew-2723324/> }}

'''''Cistus clusii''''' is a [[shrub]]by [[species]] of [[flowering plant]] in the family [[Cistaceae]], with white flowers, native to south west and south central Europe and north Africa. It has been wrongly called ''[[Cistus libanotis]]'' by many authors.

==Description== ''Cistus clusii'' is a much branched shrub, up to {{convert|1|m|ft|abbr=on|0}} tall. Its leaves are narrowly linear in shape, usually {{convert|1|–|2.5|cm|in|abbr=on|1}} long by {{convert|1|–|2|mm|in|abbr=on|2}} wide, with edges that are turned under (revolute), green on the upper side and densely covered with short hairs on the lower side, producing a whitish appearance. The flowers are arranged in [[umbel]]-like [[cyme (botany)|cyme]]s with up to 12 individual flowers, each {{convert|2|–|3|cm|in|abbr=on|1}} across with five white [[petal]]s and three [[sepal]]s, {{convert|5|–|8|mm|in|abbr=on|1}} long. The flower stalks ([[Peduncle (botany)|peduncles]] and [[Pedicel (botany)|pedicels]]) and the sepals are covered with long white hairs. The [[Style (botany)|style]] is short.<ref name=Warb68/>

==Taxonomy== ''Cistus clusii'' was first described by [[Michel Félix Dunal]] in 1824.<ref name=TPL_kew-2723324/><ref name=Dona24/> The specific epithet ''clusii'' honours [[Carolus Clusius]]. The name ''[[Cistus libanotis]]'' has been wrongly applied to this species by many authors.<ref name=Warb68/> A 2011 [[Molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic study]] placed ''C. clusii'' in a [[clade]] with ''[[Cistus munbyi]]'' in the [[Cistus#Phylogeny|white and whitish pink clade]] of ''Cistus'' species, sister to all the remaining white and whitish pink flowered species.<ref name=CiveLeclDemoAgna11/>

==Phylogeny== ''Cistus clusii'' belongs to the white and whitish pink flowered clade of ''Cistus'' species.

{{cladogram |title=Species-level cladogram of ''Cistus'' species. |caption=Species-level cladogram of ''Cistus'' species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.<ref name=GuzmVarg05>{{cite journal |last1=Guzmán |first1=B. |last2=Vargas |first2=P. |year=2005 |title=Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of ''Cistus'' L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=644–660 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026 |name-list-style=amp |pmid=16055353}}</ref><ref name=GuzmVarg09>{{cite journal |last1=Guzmán |first1=B. |last2=Vargas |first2=P. |date=2009 |title=Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences |journal=Organisms Diversity & Evolution |volume=9 |issue=2 |pages=83–99 |doi=10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001 |name-list-style=amp}}</ref><ref name=GuzmLled09 /><ref name=CiveLeclDemoAgna11 /> |align=center |clades={{Cladogram of Cistus species}} }}

==Distribution== ''Cistus clusii'' is native to north Africa<ref name=GuzmLled09/> and the west and central Mediterranean region: southern [[Spain]], the [[Balearic Islands]], south-east [[Italy]] and [[Sicily]].<ref name=Warb68/>

==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name=CiveLeclDemoAgna11>{{Citation |last1=Civeyrel |first1=Laure |last2=Leclercq |first2=Julie |last3=Demoly |first3=Jean-Pierre |last4=Agnan |first4=Yannick |last5=Quèbre |first5=Nicolas |last6=Pélissier |first6=Céline |last7=Otto |first7=Thierry |year=2011 |title=Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of ''Cistus'' and ''Halimium'' (Cistaceae) |journal=Plant Systematics and Evolution |volume=295 |issue=1–4 |pages=23–54 |doi=10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7 |s2cid=21995828 |name-list-style=amp |hdl=2078.1/219851 |hdl-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=Dona24>{{citation |last=Dunal |first=M.F. |date=1824 |contribution=28. ''C. clusii'' (Cistineae) |title=Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetablis |editor-last=de Candolle |editor-first=A.P. |page=266 |contribution-url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/154219 |access-date=2015-03-06 }}</ref> <ref name=GuzmLled09>{{citation |last1=Guzman |first1=B. |last2=Lledo |first2=M.D. |last3=Vargas |first3=P. |year=2009 |title=Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean Cistus (Cistaceae) |journal=PLOS ONE |volume=4 |issue=7 |article-number=e6362 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0006362 |name-list-style=amp |pmid=19668338 |pmc=2719431|bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.6362G |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<ref name=TPL_kew-2723324>{{citation |title=''Cistus clusii'' |work=The Plant List |url=http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2723324 |access-date=2015-03-02}}</ref>

<ref name=Warb68>{{Citation |last=Warburg |first=E.F. |year=1968 |editor-last=Tutin |editor-first=T.G. |editor2-last=Heywood |editor2-first=V.H. |editor3-last=Burges |editor3-first=N.A. |editor4-last=Valentine |editor4-first=D.H. |editor5-last=Walters |editor5-first=S.M. |editor6-last=Webb |editor6-first=D.A. |contribution=Cistus clusii |title=Flora Europaea, Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae |page=284 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-06662-4 |name-list-style=amp }}</ref> }}

==External links== {{Commons category|Cistus clusii}} * {{citation|last=Page |first=R.G. |date=n.d. |orig-date=2002 onwards |title=''Cistus clusii'' L. |website=The Cistus & Halimium Website |url=http://www.cistuspage.org.uk//Cistus%20clusii.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402105301/http://www.cistuspage.org.uk//Cistus%20clusii.htm |access-date=2015-03-09 |archive-date=2015-04-02 }}

[[Category:Cistus|clusii]] [[Category:Plants described in 1824]]