{{Short description|Superfamily of barnacles}}
{{Automatic taxobox | fossil_range = {{fossil range|Cretaceous|Recent}} | image = Chthamalus stellatus.jpg | image_caption = Chthamalus stellatus | taxon = Chthamaloidea | authority = Darwin, 1854 | display_parents = 4 }}
The '''Chthamaloidea''' are a subdivision of Balanomorpha proposed by Newman and Ross<ref name=NR>{{cite journal|last=Newman|first=William A.|author2=Arnold Ross|title=Revision of the balanomorph barnacles; including a catalog of the species|journal=San Diego Society of Natural History|year=1976|volume=Memoir 9}}</ref> to include barnacles with shell wall composed of rostrum, carina, and one to three pairs of latera, rarely supplemented with one or more whorls of basal imbricating plates. The rostrolatus enters the sheath, but rarely fuses with the rostrum, as in the three higher superfamilies. Shell plates are simple in construction, solid, and incorporate organic chitin between carbonate layers. Opercular plates are deeply interlocked, and in some genera, may become concrescent with age.<ref name=NR/><ref name=Polt06>{{cite book|last=Poltarukha|first=Oleg|title=Identification Atlas of the Superfamilly Chthamaloidea Barnacles (Cirripedia thoracica) in the World Ocean|year=2006|publisher=KMK Scientific Press, Ltd.|location=Moscow|isbn=5-87317-278-1}}</ref>{{rp|57}}<ref name=Buck83>{{cite book|last=Buckeridge|first=John|title=Fossil barnacles (Cirripedia: Thoracica) of New Zealand and Australia|year=1983|publisher=New Zealand Geological Survey|location=Auckland}}</ref> Soft part morphology includes concave labrum without notch in the central part. Cirrus III more resembles Cirrus IV than II, or may be intermediate in structure. Caudal appendages present in some species.<ref name=Polt06/>{{rp|57}}
== Environmental preferences and distribution == All living '''Chthamaloidea''', and very sparsely known fossil occurrences<ref name=Buck83/>{{rp|80}} inhabit surf zone/intertidal/subtidal littoral zone habitats.<ref name=Polt06/>{{rp|57}} Geographically, chthamaloids may be found in all temperate and tropical seas, but highest diversity is found in tropics.
== Included families == These families belong to the superfamily Chthamaloidea:<ref name=Chan2021/><ref name=worms/> * Catophragmidae <small>Utinomi, 1968</small> * Chionelasmatidae <small>Buckeridge, 1983</small> * Chthamalidae <small>Darwin, 1854</small> (star barnacles) * Pachylasmatidae <small>Utinomi, 1968</small> * Waikalasmatidae <small>Ross & Newman, 2001</small>
== References == {{Reflist| refs= <ref name=worms> {{Cite web| title=World Register of Marine Species, superfamily Chthamaloidea | url=http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=106042 | access-date=2021-08-22 }}</ref>
<ref name=Chan2021> {{Cite journal | title = The evolutionary diversity of barnacles, with an updated classification of fossil and living forms | date = 2021 | last1 = Chan | first1 = Benny K. K. | last2 = Dreyer | first2 = Niklas | last3 = Gale | first3 = Andy S. | last4 = Glenner | first4 = Henrik | last5 = Ewers-Saucedo | first5 = Christine | last6 = Pérez-Losada | first6 = Marcos | last7 = Kolbasov | first7 = Gregory A. | last8 = Crandall | first8 = Keith A. | last9 = Høeg | first9 = Jens T. | display-authors = 4 | journal = Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 193 | issue = 3 | pages = 789–846 | doi = 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa160| doi-access = free | hdl = 11250/2990967 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> }}
== External links == * {{Wikispecies-inline}}
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Category:Barnacles Category:Taxa named by Charles Darwin
{{Barnacle-stub}}