Backhousia

{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} {{Use Australian English|date=July 2024}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}} {{Automatic taxobox | image = Backhousia citriodora.jpg | image_caption = ''Backhousia citriodora'' foliage and flowers | display_parents = 2 | parent_authority = | taxon = Backhousia | authority = Hook. & Harv.<ref name=Orig-Publ/><ref name=APNI/> |synonyms = *''Choricarpia'' }}

'''''Backhousia''''' is a genus of thirteen currently known species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae.<ref name=Orig-Publ/><ref name=APNI/> All the currently known species are endemic to Australia in the rainforests and seasonally dry forests of Queensland, New South Wales and Western Australia.<ref name=APNI/><ref name=KWCSP/>

In 1845 in the European science publication the ''Botanical Magazine'' William Jackson Hooker and William Henry Harvey first published this genus's formal description and name, after botanist James Backhouse from England and Australia.<ref name=Orig-Publ/><ref name=APNI/><ref>{{Cite book |last=Smith |first=Val |url=https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132874317 |title=Common Ground: Who's who in New Zealand botanical names. Supplement Two: Who's who in New Zealand botanical names. Supplement Two |date=2023-01-01 |language=English}}</ref>

They grow to aromatic shrubs or trees from {{Convert|5| to |25|m|ft|-1|abbr=on}} tall, with leaves {{Convert|3|–|12|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} long and {{Convert|1|–|6|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} wide, arranged opposite to each other.

==Species== Sourced from the authoritative ''Australian Plant Name Index'' and ''Australian Plant Census'' {{as of|2014|June|lc=y}}.<ref name=APNI/> For taxa including undescribed species further afield outside Australia, for example likely in New Guinea, this list lacks them—refer also to the genus ''Kania''.<ref name=APNI/><ref name=KWCSP/> * ''Backhousia angustifolia'' {{Au|F.Muell.}}, curry myrtle, narrow leaf myrtle  * ''Backhousia bancroftii'' {{Au|F.M.Bailey}}, Johnstone River hardwood  * ''Backhousia citriodora'' {{Au|F.Muell.}}, lemon scented myrtle, sweet verbena tree, lemon scented verbena, lemon ironwood  * ''Backhousia enata'' {{Au|A.J.Ford, Craven & J.Holmes}}<ref name=Ford-Craven-Brophy-2005/> * ''Backhousia gundarara'' {{Au|M.D.Barrett, Craven & R.L.Barrett}}; formerly ''Backhousia'' sp. Prince Regent (W.O'Sullivan & D.Dureau WODD 42) WA Herbarium <ref name=Harrington-Jackes-etal-2012/> * ''Backhousia hughesii'' {{Au| C.T.White}}, stony backhousia, stonewood, lime wood, grey teak  * ''Backhousia kingii'' {{Au|Guymer}}  * ''Backhousia leptopetala'' {{Au|(F.Muell.) M.G.Harr.}}, former name: ''Choricarpia leptopetala'' {{Au|(F.Muell.) Domin}}, brush turpentine, brown myrtle<ref name=Harrington-Jackes-etal-2012/> * ''Backhousia myrtifolia'' {{Au|Hook. & Harv.}}, grey myrtle, carrol, ironwood, neverbreak, iron myrtle, cinnamon myrtle  * ''Backhousia oligantha'' {{Au|A.R.Bean}}<ref name=Bean-2003/> * ''Backhousia sciadophora'' {{Au|F.Muell.}}, shatterwood, ironwood, boomerang tree  * ''Backhousia subargentea'' {{Au|(C.T.White) M.G.Harr.}}, former name: ''Choricarpia subargentea'' {{Au|(C.T.White) L.A.S.Johnson}}, giant ironwood, scrub ironwood, lancewood, ironwood box<ref name=Harrington-Jackes-etal-2012/> * ''Backhousia tetraptera'' {{Au|Jackes}}<ref name=Harrington-Jackes-etal-2012/><ref name=SGAP-Townsville-B.tetraptera/>

;Formerly included here: * ''Backhousia anisata'' was transferred to ''Anetholea anisata'',<ref name=Wilson-OBrien-Quinn-2000-Anetholea/> and later to ''Syzygium anisatum''.<ref name=Craven-Biffin-2005-Anetholea-Syzygium/>

==References== {{Reflist | 27em | refs=

<ref name=APNI>{{Cite web | title = ''Backhousia''% | url = http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?TAXON_NAME=Backhousia%25 | type = listing by % wildcard matching of all taxa relevant to Australia | work = Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), Integrated Botanical Information System (IBIS) database | publisher = Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government | accessdate = 26 Apr 2013 | archive-date = 29 March 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190329172744/http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?TAXON_NAME=Backhousia%25 | url-status = dead }}</ref>

<ref name=Orig-Publ> {{Cite journal | last1= Hooker | first1= William Jackson | author1-link= William Jackson Hooker | last2= Harvey | first2= William Henry | author2-link= William Henry Harvey | year= 1845 | title= Tab. 4133 ''Backhousia myrtifolia'' Myrtle-leaved Backhousia; Nat Ord. Myrtaceae—Icosandria Monogynia; ''Backhousia''. Hook. et Harv. | journal= Botanical Magazine | volume= 71 | at= tab: 4133 (plate and text formal genus and species description) | url= https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/434290 | format= Digitised archive copy, online, from biodiversitylibrary.org | accessdate= 12 Oct 2014 }} </ref>

<ref name=KWCSP> [http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=18711 Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families] </ref>

<ref name=Ford-Craven-Brophy-2005> {{Cite journal | last1= Ford | first1= Andrew J. | last2= Craven | first2= Lyndley A. | last3= Brophy | first3= J. J. | year= 2005 | title= ''Backhousia enata'' A.J.Ford, Craven & J.Holmes (Myrtaceae), a new species from north-eastern Queensland | journal= Austrobaileya | volume=7 | issue= 1 | at= pages 121–127, fig. 1, map 1 | jstor= 41739014 }} </ref>

<ref name=Bean-2003> {{Cite journal | last1= Bean | first1= A. R. | year= 2003 | title= ''Backhousia oligantha'' (Myrtaceae), a new species from Queensland | journal= Austrobaileya | volume= 6 | issue= 3 | at= pages 533–536, fig. 1, map 1 | jstor= 41738996 }} </ref>

<ref name=Harrington-Jackes-etal-2012> {{Cite journal | last1= Harrington | first1= Mark G. | last2= Jackes | first2= Betsy R. | last3= Barrett | first3= M. D. | last4= Craven | first4= Lyndley A. | last5= Barrett | first5= Russell L. | display-authors=3 | year= 2012 | title= Phylogenetic revision of Backhousieae (Myrtaceae): Neogene divergence, a revised circumscription of ''Backhousia'' and two new species | journal= Australian Systematic Botany | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 409–414 | doi=10.1071/sb12015| s2cid= 56067440 | url= https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/24411/1/Phylogenetic_revision_of_Backhousieae_%28Myrtaceae%29.pdf }} </ref>

<ref name=SGAP-Townsville-B.tetraptera>{{Cite web | url= http://www.sgaptownsville.org.au/Mystery-Tree.html | date= 2012 | title= Mystery Tree April 2010; Update 2012 ''Backhousia tetraptera'' | work= The Society for Growing Australian Plants Townsville Branch Inc. | format= website | accessdate= 16 May 2013 | archive-date= 13 May 2013 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130513212510/http://sgaptownsville.org.au/Mystery-Tree.html | url-status= dead }}</ref>

<ref name=Wilson-OBrien-Quinn-2000-Anetholea> {{Cite journal| last1= Wilson | first1= Paul G. | last2= O'Brien | first2= M. M. | last3= Quinn | first3= Chris J. | date= 2000 | title= ''Anetholea'' (Myrtaceae), a new genus for ''Backhousia anisata'': a cryptic member of the ''Acmena'' alliance | journal= Australian Systematic Botany | volume= 13 | issue= 3 | pages= 429–435 | doi = 10.1071/SB99008 }} </ref>

<ref name=Craven-Biffin-2005-Anetholea-Syzygium> {{Cite journal | last1= Craven | first1= Lyndley A. | last2= Biffin | first2= Ed | year= 2005 | title= ''Anetholea anisata'' transferred to, and two new Australian taxa of, ''Syzygium'' (Myrtaceae) | journal= Blumea | volume= 50 | issue= 1 | pages= 157–162 | doi=10.3767/000651905x623346| url= http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/document/565495 }} </ref>

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Category:Backhousia Category:Flora of Queensland Category:Flora of New South Wales Category:Rosids of Western Australia Category:Myrtales of Australia Category:Myrtaceae genera Category:Endemic flora of Australia Category:Taxa named by William Henry Harvey