Chimaltenango

{{Infobox settlement   |official_name = Chimaltenango |other_name = |native_name =  |nickname = |settlement_type = Municipality and city |motto =  |image_skyline = Chimaltenango Parque.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Chimaltenango |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = |mapsize = |map_caption = |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = Guatemala |pushpin_label_position =bottom |pushpin_map_caption =Location in Guatemala   |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = [[Image:Flag of Guatemala.svg|25px]] [[Guatemala]] |subdivision_type1 = [[Departments of Guatemala|Department]] |subdivision_name1 = [[Image:Flag of Chimaltenango Department.svg|25px]] [[Chimaltenango Department|Chimaltenango]] |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |subdivision_type3 = |subdivision_name3 = |subdivision_type4 = |subdivision_name4 =  |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = |leader_name = |leader_title1 = Mayor |leader_name1 = Carlos Alexánder Simaj<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.prensalibre.com/guatemala/chimaltenango/partido-une-gana-alcaldia-de-chimaltenango|language=es|title=Partido UNE gana alcaldía de Chimaltenango|date=8 September 2015|access-date=8 September 2015|location=Guatemala|newspaper=Prensa Libre}}</ref>  |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title =  |established_date = |established_title2 =  |established_date2 = |established_title3 =  |established_date3 =  |area_magnitude = |unit_pref =Imperial  |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 = 86 |area_land_km2 =  |area_water_km2 = |area_total_sq_mi = |area_land_sq_mi = |area_water_sq_mi = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 = |area_urban_sq_mi = |area_metro_km2 = |area_metro_sq_mi = |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |area_blank1_sq_mi =  |population_as_of = 2018 census |population_footnotes = <ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/guatemala/admin/ Citypopulation.de] Population of departments and municipalities in Guatemala</ref> |population_note = |population_total = 96985 |population_density_km2 = auto |population_density_sq_mi = |population_metro = |population_density_metro_km2 = |population_density_metro_sq_mi = |population_urban = 96985 |population_density_urban_km2 = |population_density_urban_sq_mi = |population_blank1_title =Ethnicities |population_blank1 = |population_blank2_title =Religions |population_blank2 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |population_density_blank1_sq_mi =  |timezone = |utc_offset = |timezone_DST = |utc_offset_DST = |coordinates = {{coord|14|39|44|N|90|49|15|W|type:city_region:GT|display=inline,title}} |elevation_footnotes =  |elevation_m = |elevation_ft =  |postal_code_type =  |postal_code = |area_code = |blank_name_sec1 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]] |blank_info_sec1 = [[Oceanic climate#Subtropical highland variety (Cfb, Cwb)|Cwb]] |blank1_name = |blank1_info = |website = |footnotes = }}

'''Chimaltenango''' is a city in [[Guatemala]] with a population of 96,985 (2018 census).<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/guatemala/cities/ Citypopulation.de] Population of cities & towns in Guatemala</ref> It serves as both the capital of the [[Departments of Guatemala|department]] of [[Chimaltenango (department)|Chimaltenango]] and the municipal seat for the surrounding [[Municipalities of Guatemala|municipality]] of the same name. Chimaltenango stands some {{convert|35|mi|km|order=flip}} west of [[Guatemala City]], on the [[Pan-American Highway]]. The municipal capital produces [[textile]]s and [[pottery]].

==History==

[[File:Nataliagorriz1898.jpg|170px|thumb|left| Teacher [[Natalia Górriz|Natalia Górriz de Morales]]. Photograph from ''[[La Ilustración Guatemalteca]]''.{{sfn|La Ilustración Guatemalteca|1896|p=24}}]]

In [[Pre-Columbian]] times, what is now the city of Chimaltenango was known to its native inhabitants as '''B'oko''''. Like many other cities in the area, the [[Spain|Spanish]] [[Conquistador]]es used the name given by their [[Nahuatl]] speaking allies from central [[Mexico]]. The [[Nahuatl]] name was '''Chīmaltenānco''', meaning "Shield City". The current town was founded in 1526 by Spanish conquistador [[Pedro de Portocarrero (conquistador)|Pedro de Portocarrero]], and shortly after it was assigned by Bishop [[Francisco Marroquín]] to the [[Order of Preachers]], along with Jocotenango, [[San Martín Jilotepeque|Jilotepeque]], [[Sumpango, Sacatepéquez|Sumpango]], Candelaria, [[Amatitlán]], Petapa, [[Mixco]], and Pinula.{{sfn|Juarros|1818|p=336}} These were the general areas under the jurisdiction of "Valle de Pasuya" (English: Pasuya Valley) in those days (which had nine valleys), among them the Chimaltenango Valley.{{sfn|Juarros|1818|p=344}} This valley bordered with Xilotepeque valley on the northwest, with Mixco valley on the East, with Guatemala on the North, and with [[Sololá Department|Sololá Prinvice]] on the West.{{sfn|Juarros|1818|p=344}} Furthermore, the Valle of Pasuya had two mayor municipalities: Chimaltenango (which included the Chimaltenango, [[San Martín Jilotepeque|Xilotepeque]], and Alotenango valleys), and Sacatepéquez (which included the remainder).{{sfn|Juarros|1818|p=345}}

After independence from Spain in 1821, the town was elevated to "Villa" status in 1825 but apparently lost some luster, as one can infer from archeologist [[Alfred Percival Maudslay]] wife's description from a trip there in 1895. Anne Cary Maudslay, wrote: "We were not tempted to loiter for long, and rode on again over the dull plain to the uninteresting town of Chimaltenango, where we proposed to spend the night. The hotel was dirty and the bedrooms so unpleasant that we would have none of them, and sent Gorgonio to hunt for an empty room in which we could put up our own beds. This he found in a "meson", or caravanserai, attached to the hotel, where there was a good-sized room and a rough kitchen opening on a patio in which we could turn the beasts loose for the night. A sprinkling with water, a good sweeping, and a free use of [[Persian powder|Keating's powder]], soon made the room habitable. The supper at the hotel was, however, far above the average, and the only thing to complain of was the poor forage supplied to the mules." {{sfn|Maudslay|Maudslay|1899|p=42}}

==Sports== [[América de Chimaltenango]] football club has played the 2009 - 2010 season in [[Primera División de Ascenso|Guatemala's second division]]. They play their home games in the [[Estadio Municipal de Chimaltenango]].

== Famous citizens==

* [[Natalia Górriz|Natalia Górriz de Morales]], teacher. She was the director of "Instituto Normal Central para Señoritas" (English: Normal Central Institute for Girls) and Elementary School Inspector during General [[José María Reina Barrios]]' presidency{{sfn|La Ilustración Guatemalteca|1896|p=24}} and was married to the Minister of Economy, Colonel [[Próspero Morales]].{{sfn|La Ilustración Guatemalteca|1896|p=24}} In 1897, he resigned his position and raised arms as one of the leaders of the Quetzaltenango Revolution against his former boss General Reina Barrios, after he tried to extend his presidential term to 1902 after the failure of the [[Exposición Centroamericana|Central American Expo]] and the acute economic crisis that mired Guatemala.{{sfn|Macías del Real|1897|p=388}} After the Reina Barrios murder in February 1898, Morales ran for office in the 1898 presidential elections. When he realized that those were rigged in favor of Interim President [[Manuel Estrada Cabrera]], he tried to invade Guatemala from Mexico, but died in the attempt. Natalia Górriz de Morales then started teaching again and became one of the more representative women of the early 20th century in Guatemala.

==Climate==

Chimaltenango has a [[Oceanic climate|subtropical highland climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Cwb''). {{Weather box |width=auto |location = Chimaltenango |metric first = yes |single line = yes |Jan mean C = 15.6 |Feb mean C = 16.3 |Mar mean C = 17.7 |Apr mean C = 18.8 |May mean C = 19.1 |Jun mean C = 18.5 |Jul mean C = 18.3 |Aug mean C = 18.4 |Sep mean C = 18.1 |Oct mean C = 17.4 |Nov mean C = 16.7 |Dec mean C = 15.9 |year mean C = |Jan high C = 22.0 |Feb high C = 22.9 |Mar high C = 24.7 |Apr high C = 25.1 |May high C = 24.9 |Jun high C = 23.1 |Jul high C = 23.3 |Aug high C = 23.7 |Sep high C = 23.0 |Oct high C = 22.2 |Nov high C = 22.3 |Dec high C = 22.1 |year high C = |Jan low C = 9.3 |Feb low C = 9.7 |Mar low C = 10.7 |Apr low C = 12.6 |May low C = 13.4 |Jun low C = 14.0 |Jul low C = 13.4 |Aug low C = 13.1 |Sep low C = 13.3 |Oct low C = 12.6 |Nov low C = 11.2 |Dec low C = 9.7 |year low C = |Jan precipitation mm = 3 |Feb precipitation mm = 4 |Mar precipitation mm = 4 |Apr precipitation mm = 37 |May precipitation mm = 106 |Jun precipitation mm = 259 |Jul precipitation mm = 186 |Aug precipitation mm = 178 |Sep precipitation mm = 242 |Oct precipitation mm = 125 |Nov precipitation mm = 32 |Dec precipitation mm = 7 |year precipitation mm = |source 1 = Climate-Data.org<ref name="Climate-Data.org"> {{cite web|url=http://en.climate-data.org/location/873443/ |title = Climate: Chimaltenango |access-date= 19 September 2015 |website= Climate-Data.org}}</ref> }}

== Geographic location ==

It is completely surrounded by [[Chimaltenango Department]] municipalities:

{{Geographic location | Center = Chimaltenango | North = [[San Martín Jilotepeque]] | West = [[Zaragoza, Chimaltenango|Zaragoza]] | Southeast= [[Parramos]] | South = [[San Andrés Itzapa]]<ref name=segeplan/> | East = [[El Tejar, Chimaltenango|El Tejar]]<ref name=segeplan>{{Cite web|author=SEGEPLAN|title=Municipios de Chimaltenango|year=2010|location=Guatemala|url=http://www.segeplan.gob.gt/2.0/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&task=category&id=51:comalapa&Itemid=333|access-date=8 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150608155133/http://www.segeplan.gob.gt/2.0/index.php?option=com_k2&view=itemlist&task=category&id=51%3Acomalapa&Itemid=333|archive-date=8 June 2015|language=es|url-status=dead}}</ref> }}

==See also== * {{Portal-inline|Guatemala}} * {{Portal-inline|Geography}}

== Notes and references==

=== References === {{Reflist}}

=== Bibliography === {{Refbegin}} * {{cite book|last=Juarros|first=Domingo|title=Compendio de la historia de la Ciudad de Guatemala|year=1818|publisher=Ignacio Beteta|location=Guatemala|url=https://archive.org/stream/compendiodelahis21juar#page/n3/mode/2up|language=es}} * {{cite journal|author=La Ilustración Guatemalteca|journal=[[La Ilustración Guatemalteca]]|url=https://archive.org/stream/ilustracionguate00guat#page/24/mode/2up|title=Nuestros Grabados: Natalia Górriz de Morales|date=15 August 1896|location=Guatemala|publisher=Síguere, Guirola & Cía.|volume=I|issue=2|language=es}} * {{cite journal|last=Macías del Real|first=A.|author-link=Antonio Macías del Real|title=Resumen Quincenal|date=15 March 1897|volume=1|issue=16|journal=[[La Ilustración Guatemalteca]]|url=https://archive.org/stream/ilustracionguate00guat#page/388/mode/2up|location=Guatemala|publisher=Síguere, Guirola & Cía|language=es}} * {{cite book|last=Maudslay|first=Alfred Percival|author-link=Alfred Percival Maudslay|title=A glimpse at Guatemala, and some notes on the ancient monuments of Central America|last2=Maudslay|first2=Anne Cary|location=London, UK|publisher=John Murray|year=1899|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:A_Glimpse_at_Guatemala.pdf}} {{Refend}}

==External links== * {{Commons category-inline|Chimaltenango}} * [http://chimaltenango.webcindario.com CHIMALTENANGO] from Guatemala. * [https://web.archive.org/web/20091226081131/http://www.mineducchimal.gob.gt/monografias/Chimaltenango.html Monografia del municipio de Chimaltenango], Dirección Departamental de Educación de Chimaltenango {{in lang|es}}

[[Category:Municipalities of the Chimaltenango Department]]