{{short description|Commune in Île-de-France, France}} {{Infobox French commune |name = Chilly-Mazarin |commune status = Commune |image = Hotel de ville de Chilly-Mazarin.jpg |caption = The town hall of Chilly-Mazarin |image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Chilly-Mazarin (Essonne).svg |map size = 270px |adjustable map = Chilly-Mazarin_map.png |map caption = Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs |coordinates = {{coord|48.7025|2.3125|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |INSEE = 91161 |postal code = 91380 |arrondissement = Palaiseau |canton = Massy |intercommunality = CA Paris-Saclay |mayor = Rafika Rezgui<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=13 September 2022|language=fr}}</ref> |term = 2020–2026 |elevation min m = 42 |elevation max m = 101 |area km2 = 5.57 |population = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}} |population date = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}} |population footnotes = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}} }}
'''Chilly-Mazarin''' ({{IPA|fr|ʃiji mazaʁɛ̃|lang|Fr-Paris--Chilly-Mazarin.ogg}}) is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located {{convert|16.9|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the center of Paris.
A small part of Orly International Airport lies on the territory of the commune of Chilly-Mazarin.<ref>"[https://web.archive.org/web/20070617142708/http://www.ville-chilly-mazarin.fr/1-10732-Plan-interactif---Ville-de-Chilly-Mazarin.php Plan interactif]." Chilly-Mazarin. Retrieved on 6 October 2009.</ref>
Inhabitants of Chilly-Mazarin are known as ''Chiroquois''.
==Geography== Chilly-Mazarin lies in the northern part of the Essonne department, within the historic Hurepoix region. The commune covers an area of {{convert|5.57|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} on the northern slope of the Yvette valley and the southern edge of the Orly plateau. Elevations range from {{convert|42|m|ft|abbr=on}} at the southeastern end of the commune to {{convert|101|m|ft|abbr=on}} in the northwest.
The commune is bordered by Massy to the northwest, Wissous to the north and northeast (with which it shares a portion of Orly Airport), Morangis to the east, Longjumeau to the south, and Champlan to the west. The Yvette flows along its southern edge for roughly one kilometre, joined just outside the commune by the partially underground Bief stream.
==History== Chilly-Mazarin developed around a Roman villa named Cailliacum which evolved into Chailly then Chilly. The suffix -Mazarin was added in 1822 to distinguish it from other French villages named Chilly and refers to the Mazarinettes, the famed nieces of Cardinal Mazarin who, for several years, lived at a mansion in Chilly. The fourth niece, Hortense Mancini, pass down to her son the titles of Marquess of Chilly and Duke of Mazarin which were ultimately passed to the House of Grimaldi, reigning house of Monaco.
===Antiquity=== Archaeological evidence attests to a long human presence in the area. At the "La Butte aux Bergers" site in the north of the commune, rescue excavations uncovered a Late Hallstatt / Early La Tène Iron Age storage pit (around the 5th century BC) containing an unusual deposit that combined a woman's skeleton with the remains of several animals, including horses, a wildcat and hares.<ref>{{cite journal |title=A Composite and Atypical Deposit of a Human with Several Animals: The Storage Pit 27 (Late Hallstatt / Early La Tène) at Chilly-Mazarin "la Butte aux Bergers" (Essonne) |journal=Revue archéologique d'Île-de-France |volume=6 |year=2013 |url=http://www.raif.fr/index.php/en/6-2013-gb}}</ref> During the Gallo-Roman period, in the 3rd century, springs in the territory were tapped to supply Lutetia with water through an underground aqueduct that ran north toward Roman Paris.
===Middle Ages=== The medieval village of Chailly, attested by the 12th century, possessed a church and a mill, and its inhabitants combined viticulture with cereal cultivation. The fief, called ''membre de Chilly'', was originally held by the Knights Templar and passed to the Knights Hospitaller after the dissolution of the Templar order, becoming a dependency of the commandery of Balizy. The lordship subsequently passed through several noble houses to the Gaillard family in the late 15th century. Souveraine d'Angoulême, half-sister of Francis I and wife of Michel II Gaillard, lord of Chilly, is buried in the church of Saint-Étienne.
===Marquisate of Chilly=== In 1596 the seigneury was purchased by Martin Ruzé de Beaulieu, a royal minister, who bequeathed it to his great-nephew Antoine Coëffier de Ruzé d'Effiat.
In 1624, having returned successfully from negotiating the marriage of Henrietta Maria to Charles I of England, Coëffier de Ruzé secured the unification of the lands of Chilly, Longjumeau and Balizy into a single marquisate. He went on to become Marshal of France and Superintendent of Finances. He obtained from Louis XIII the right to draw water from the springs that had once supplied Lutetia, in order to feed the ornamental ponds of his château at Chilly. Two stone inspection structures (''regards'') along the underground aqueduct, one on rue d'Effiat and the other on avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, still stand in the town; their foundation stone was laid by Antoine Ruzé d'Effiat and his son on 30 March 1627.<ref>{{cite journal |title=Chilly-Mazarin (Seine-et-Oise). Regards d'eau établis sur la canalisation servant à alimenter les fossés du château |journal=Bulletin Monumental |volume=61 |year=1896 |pages=58–63 |url=https://www.persee.fr/doc/bulmo_0007-473x_1896_num_61_1_11053 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ville-chilly-mazarin.fr/histoire-et-patrimoine/ |title=Histoire et Patrimoine |publisher=Ville de Chilly-Mazarin |language=fr |access-date=6 May 2026}}</ref>
===From the 19th century to the present=== The arrival of the railway in 1883, with the opening of the Grande Ceinture line, and the construction of the A6 motorway in 1956, transformed Chilly-Mazarin from a rural village of around 400 inhabitants at the start of the 20th century into a residential suburb of more than 16,000 by 1975. The commune was liberated on 24 August 1944 by the 2nd Armoured Division under General Leclerc. In 1971, the municipality acquired what remained of the former Château de Chilly grounds and converted the surviving building into the town hall. Until 1968, Chilly-Mazarin was part of the Seine-et-Oise department; it was transferred to the new Essonne department under the 1964 reorganisation of the Paris region.
A second 17th-century manor in the commune, the Château de Bel Abord on avenue Mazarin, was demolished in 1963 to make way for a residential complex; its porte cochère and Louis XIII pavilion (the ceiling of which is attributed to Simon Vouet) survive and were listed as ''Monuments Historiques'' in 1984.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://museedupatrimoine.fr/chateau-de-bel-abord-essonne/18113.html |title=Château de Bel Abord |publisher=Musée du Patrimoine de France |language=fr |access-date=6 May 2026}}</ref>
==Population==
{{Historical populations | align = none | cols = 2 | percentages = pagr | source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|9373|Chilly-Mazarin}}</ref> and INSEE (1968-2023)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/8643952?geo=COM-91161#tableau-POPREF_G1 Population municipale entre 1968 et 2023], INSEE</ref> | graph-pos = bottom |1793 |449 |1821 |369 |1846 |332 |1872 |341 |1901 |422 |1921 |398 |1926 |1023 |1931 |1507 |1936 |1681 |1946 |1697 |1954 |2188 |1962 |3411 |1968 |9923 |1975 |16236 |1982 |17271 |1990 |16939 |1999 |17737 |2007 |18577 |2012 |19213 |2017 |20181 |2023 |20443 }}
==Transport== Chilly-Mazarin is served by Chilly-Mazarin station, located on the southern branch of the Grande Ceinture line. Until December 2023, the station was served by Paris RER line C (branch C8). Since 9 December 2023, this service has been replaced by Tram T12, which links Massy-Palaiseau to Évry-Courcouronnes. Connections to central Paris are now made at Massy-Palaiseau (RER B and C) or Épinay-sur-Orge (RER C).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ville-chilly-mazarin.fr/venir-a-chilly-mazarin/ |title=Venir à Chilly-Mazarin |publisher=Ville de Chilly-Mazarin |language=fr |access-date=6 May 2026 |quote=Chilly-Mazarin n'est plus directement desservie par le RER depuis la mise en service du tram T12.}}</ref>
==Education== There are:<ref>"[http://www.ville-chilly-mazarin.fr/a-tout-age/annuaire-des-structures-d-accueil Annuaire des équipements ]." Chilly-Mazarin. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> * Seven preschools (''écoles maternelles''): du Centre, du Château, Les Roseaux, Les Saules, Pasteur, and Pauline Kergomard * Four elementary schools: du Château, Jean-de-la-Fontaine, Pasteur, and Pierre et Marie Curie
There is a junior high school, Collège les Dînes Chiens, which opened in 1968.<ref>[http://www.clg-dines-chiens-chilly-mazarin.ac-versailles.fr/ Home page]. Collège les Dînes Chiens. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref>
High schools in the area include:<ref>"[http://www.ville-chilly-mazarin.fr/team1625/s-orienter-etudier/229-aller-au-lycee Aller au lycée]." Chilly-Mazarin. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref> * Lycée Marguerite-Yourcenar - Morangis * Lycée Jacques-Prévert - Longjumeau * Lycée des Métiers Jean-Perrin – Longjumeau
==See also== {{Portal|France}} *Communes of the Essonne department
==References== {{reflist}}
==External links== {{Commons category|Chilly-Mazarin}} *[http://www.ville-chilly-mazarin.fr Official website] {{in lang|fr}} *{{Search Mérimée|91161}} *[http://www.ume.asso.fr Mayors of Essonne Association] {{in lang|fr}}
{{Paris Metropolitan Area}} {{Essonne communes}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chillymazarin}} Category:Communes of Essonne
{{Essonne-geo-stub}}