{{Short description|American tap dancer}} {{More citations needed|date=May 2022}} '''Charles "Cookie" Cook''' (February 11, 1914 – August, 1991) was a tap dancer who performed in the heyday of tap through the 1980s, and was a founding member of the Copasetics. He was the dance partner of Ernest "Brownie" Brown, with whom he performed from the days of vaudeville into the 1960s. They performed in film, such as Dorothy Dandridge 1942 "soundie" ''Cow Cow Boogie'', on Broadway in the 1948 musical ''Kiss Me, Kate'', twice at the Newport Jazz Festival, as well in other acts, including "Garbage and His Two Cans" in which they played the garbage cans. He headlined venues including New York's Palace, the Apollo, Radio City Music Hall, Cotton Club, and London Palladium.<ref name=":0">Constance Valis Hill, “Charles ‘Cookie’ Cook [biography],” Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tdabio.58/default.html.</ref> Quoted as saying "if you can walk, you can dance",<ref>Constance Valis Hill, “Charles ‘Cookie’ Cook [biography],” Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tdabio.58/default.html.</ref> Cook was one of the most influential tap masters and crucial in passing on the tap tradition to future generations.

== Early life == Cook was born on February 11, 1914.<ref>“Charles 'Cookie' Cook Tap Dancer Born.” African American Registry, February 13, 2022. https://aaregistry.org/story/charles-cookie-cook-tap-dancer-born/.</ref> Cook was born in Chicago, Illinois, but grew up in Detroit, Michigan. He was raised by his mother, who ran a boarding house for Black performers who were not welcome at white-owned establishments.<ref name=":0" /> As a result, he met and saw a number of acts including Ethel Waters, Butterbeans and Susie, Runnin' Wild, and Lucky Sambo as a young child. He was 13 when he met Ernest "Brownie" Brown, who would later become his dance partner.<ref>Constance Valis Hill, “Charles ‘Cookie’ Cook [biography],” Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tdabio.58/default.html.</ref>

== Personal life == Little is known about Cook's personal life. He never married but had a close, seemingly flirtatious, relationship with his student Jane Goldberg.<ref name=":1">Goldberg, Jane. ''Shoot Me While I'm Happy: Memories from the Tap Goddess of the Lower East Side''. New York, New York: Woodshed Productions, 2008.</ref> In addition to frequently performing around New York City, he also attended other arts events in the city. He is noted to have attended the presentation of tap shoes to the mayor Dinkins of New York City on National Tap Dance Day in 1990,<ref>JESSE H WALKER Special to, the AmstNews. 1990. "Next Generation Gives Tap Shoes to Mayor Dinkins." New York Amsterdam News, Jun 02, 26.</ref> and attended celebrations of Duke Ellington and Charles "Honi" Coles.<ref>Rowe, Billy. 1989. "Tribute to Ellington is Greatest Under the Sun." New York Amsterdam News, Jun 03, 37.</ref> There are multiple references to Cook's drinking habits, in particular his habit of drinking before shows, causing him to lose control or miss steps on stage.<ref name="Goldberg, Jane 2008">Goldberg, Jane. Shoot Me While I'm Happy: Memories from the Tap Goddess of the Lower East Side. New York, New York: Woodshed Productions, 2008.</ref> Cook also had been mentioned to have mood swings and emotional outbursts before shows.<ref name="Goldberg, Jane 2008"/> In 1989, he was rushed from his home on St. Nicholas Ave to St. Luke's Hospital after collapsing for an unknown reason.<ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|226294499}} |last1=Rowe |first1=Billy |date=4 February 1989 |title=Unlimited tenure of unit heads challenged |newspaper=New York Amsterdam News |page=27 }}</ref> Cook died in early August, 1991 at the age of 77 in New York City from kidney failure.<ref name=Dunning1991>{{cite news |last1=Dunning |first1=Jennifer |title=Charles (Cookie) Cook, 77, Tap Dancer and Teacher |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1991/08/10/arts/charles-cookie-cook-77-tap-dancer-and-teacher.html |work=The New York Times |date=10 August 1991 }}</ref> He left instructions that his ashes were to be spread in "2040 7th Avenue space".<ref>Rowe, Billy. 1991. "Public Waking Up to the Fact that the Media is Enemy." New York Amsterdam News (1962-), Sep 07, 34.</ref>

== Career ==

=== Early career === Cook began performing at a young age, and in 1929 performed with the act "Garbage and His Two Cans", playing the garbage cans, and toured Black vaudeville circuits with [https://taplegacy.org/tag/sarah-venable-and-her-picks/ Sarah Venabe and Her Picks].<ref>Constance Valis Hill, “Charles ‘Cookie’ Cook [biography],” Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tdabio.58/default.html.</ref> In 1930 he formed the dance team Cook & Brown with Ernest "Brownie" Brown.<ref>Constance Valis Hill, “Charles ‘Cookie’ Cook [biography],” Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tdabio.58/default.html.</ref> This was a "knockabout" comedy act, complete with acrobatic stunts, comedy, tumbling, and dancing.<ref name=Dunning1991/> It was noted to be some of the best comedy dancing during the 1930s, and they opened at the Cotton Club<ref>Constance Valis Hill, “Charles ‘Cookie’ Cook [biography],” Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tdabio.58/default.html.</ref> and performed at Lafayette Theatre.<ref>“Cook and Brown at the Lafayette / Cook and Brown [theatrical performance],” 1931, performed by Charles “Cookie” Cook and Ernest “Brownie” Brown, Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tda.4862/default.html</ref> They were the second Black set to appear at Radio City Music Hall.<ref name=":3">MISANI. 1986. "When Harlem was Sizzling." ''New York Amsterdam News'', Mar 15, 27.</ref> Cook and Brown were also featured in the 1943 film "Chatter".<ref>“Chatter / Cook and Brown [film],” 1943, performed by Charles “Cookie” Cook and Ernest “Brownie” Brown, Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022,

http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tda.3101/default.html</ref> Both Brown and Cook had to continue the tradition of "blacking up" by wearing burnt cork, though they tried to avoid the practice as much as possible.<ref name=":0" />

=== The Copasetics === Cook was a founding member of the Copasetics, a group of tappers and performers dedicated to preserving the memory of Bill "Bojangles" Robinson in 1949. The group was founded after Robinson's funeral, and was a fraternity of "drinking buddies".<ref name=":4">Seibert, Brian. ''What the Eye Hears: A History of Tap Dancing''. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2016.</ref> The group included Honi Coles, Buster Brown, "Bubba" Gains, "Phace" Roberts, Louis Sims Carpenter, Leroy Myers, Cook, and others.<ref name=":5">"The Copasetics Strut at 'Stompin'." 1989. ''New York Amsterdam News'', Apr 29, 10.</ref> There were no membership dues, instead a hat was passed around to collect money, and if there was any extra it was given to whichever member needed it most.<ref name=":4" /> Cook performed often with the Copasetics, including many charitable performances, such as benefits for Associated Black Charities.<ref name=":5" /> The Copasetics also performed in Los Angeles at the 1984 Summer Olympic games.<ref>Mathews, Les. 1984. "Police Seek Killer of Father of 3: MR. 1-2-5 St." ''New York Amsterdam News'', Jul 28, 5.</ref> In 1990, Cook performed at a "Salute to the Copasetics", described as "An Evening of Terrific Tap Dancing by the Best".<ref>"Display Ad 49 -- no Title." 1990. ''New York Amsterdam News'', May 19, 31.</ref>

=== Jane Goldberg & Changing Times Tap Dancing Co === In the 1970s when Brown retired, Cookie continued to perform as a guest and solo artist, as well as teach.<ref name=":0" /> He taught at the Brooklyn Academy of Music, American University,<ref name=":1" /> Clark Center, and Yale,<ref name=":3" /> and always taught with his back to students.<ref name=":4" /> He taught at multiple festivals and workshops including at the Village Gate,<ref>"What's Happening in the Big Apple." ''Chicago Metro News'' (Chicago, Illinois) 14, no. 44, September 13, 1980: 17. Readex: African American Newspapers.</ref> the By Word of Foot tap Festival,<ref>“By Word of Foot II / Steve Condos [festival],” 1982, performed by Steve Condos, Leon Collines, Charles “Honi” Coles, Mable Lee, Charles “Cookie” Cook, and Jane Goldbert, Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, https://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tda.3448/default.html</ref> and at a Harlem School of the Arts foundation.<ref>{{cite news |id={{ProQuest|226427727}} |title=HSA 'Artful Explorations' |newspaper=New York Amsterdam News |date=5 March 1988 |page=28 }}</ref> He was "given hell" by the other members of the Copasetics for passing on tap steps to white girls, most notably Jane Goldberg.<ref name=":4" />

Goldberg was Cook's mentee and dance partner for many years. He was noted to have created several dances for the two of them, to songs including "Let's be Buddies" and "The Jitterbug Waltz". In 1978-79, under the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act, which provided jobs to artists, Goldberg and Cook performed together at nursing homes, schools, libraries, and small theaters throughout New York City. At that time, it was a big deal to Cook to have steady employment and income.<ref name=":1" />

In 1978, Goldberg received a choreography fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts and created ''It's About Time'', a lecture-demonstration that Cook was an integral part of. The lecture-demonstration ended up evolving into a full show featuring Cook and other artists, known as Goldberg's "Changing Times Tap Dancing Company". The show was incredibly well received and toured all over the United States including Cincinnati, Seattle, Washington D.C., Philadelphia, as well as performing at George Wein's Kool Jazz Festival, a festival at NYU,<ref>Morris, Al. 1982. "Theatre Briefs." ''New York Amsterdam News'', Dec 04, 35.</ref> Harvard, and at the Merrill Lynch Dance Series at the Goodman Theatre in Chicago.<ref name=":6">Calloway, Earl.. "Living Legends Tap at Goodman." ''Chicago Defender'' (1973-), Sep 09, 1985.</ref> Their show at the Goodman Theatre featured Cook and Goldberg as detectives solving the case of missing tap shoes from the Tap Hall of Fame, bringing tap masters on stage to discover the thief.<ref>"Tap Dance Company Premieres on the Goodman Theatre Stage." 1985.''Weekend Chicago Defender'' (1980-2008), Aug 31, 28.</ref> Though Cook revived old acts for their performances, he was always creating new works and acts.<ref name=":1" /> The cast ranged from tap veterans to brand new tappers, and included improvisation, production numbers by cast, and a full cast finale. The company was dedicated to preserving, promoting, and performing jazz tap.<ref name=":7">"Jimmy Payne Dances in 'Changing Times Tap Co.'."''Chicago Defender'' (1973-), Aug 15, 1985.</ref> One of their shows was entitled "Shoot Me While I'm Happy: An Evening of Jazz Tap Dancing",<ref name=":7" /> and as per tradition, they invited members of the audience on stage for the finale.<ref name=":6" /> "Shoot me while I'm happy" came from a line that Cookie would always shout during the third break of the shim sham.<ref name=":1" /> When performing with Cook, Goldberg noted that he would always freak out the night before a show, feeling as though he deserved more money and accusing Goldberg of taking more than her fair share of pay,<ref name=":1" /> as he was used to being ripped off by white managers.<ref name=":4" />

=== Career 1960s-80s === Cook did some performing abroad, and was commissioned to pick singers and dancers to perform in Italy at the Cotton Club in Rome in 1962.<ref>Morris, Al. 1985. "Theatre Briefs." ''New York Amsterdam News'', Apr 06, 22.</ref> The same year he toured in Asia, performing in China and Japan with the potential to stop in Korea although it is unclear whether or not he did end up performing there.<ref>Morris, Al. 1984. "Theatre Briefs." ''New York Amsterdam News'', Mar 10, 27.</ref>

Throughout the 1970s and 80s, Cook had a busy and diverse career. He appeared in films including "Cotton Club" (1984), and "Great Feats of Feet",<ref name=Dunning1991/> a 1977 documentary about the Copasetics funded by the National Endowment for the Arts.<ref name=":4" /> He choreographed "Fancy Feet" at the Smithsonian Institution,<ref name=":1" /> and served as assistant coordinator for "Sisters", an all female jazz performance.<ref>"'Sisters' at Jazz Cultural Theatre." 1985. ''New York Amsterdam News'', Mar 16, 25.</ref> He appeared in "Kiss Me Kate" on Broadway, performed at the Newport Jazz Festival in "Benny Carter & The Tap Dance Greats",<ref>"Display Ad 63 -- no Title." 1980. ''New York Amsterdam News'', Jun 07, 37.</ref> American Dance Festival,<ref name=":1" /> Delacorte Dance Festival,<ref>Allen, Zita. 1979. "Delacorte Dance Festival: Delicious !" ''New York Amsterdam News'', Sep 15, 36.</ref> Apollo Theater's Rat-A-Tat-Tap Festival,<ref name=":8">“Apollo Theater's Rat-A-Tat-Tap Festival / Savion Glover [concert],” 1990, performed by Savion Glover, Charles “Honi” Coles, Gregory Hines, Howard “Sandman” Sims, Copasetics, and Silver Belles, Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tda.4516/default.html</ref> and Jacob's Pillow Dance Festival.<ref name=Dunning1991/> Many of these festivals also featured other Copasetics members and new tappers, such as Savion Glover.<ref name=":8" /> Cook also danced in Brookly Academy of Music's Tappin' Uptown: A New Tap Musical, City College's Aaron Davis Hall in An Evening with Charles Cook and Friends (1984), and at Boston Opera House in the Great Tap Dance Reunion (1988).<ref name=":0" /> He also danced at the Gershwin Gala,<ref name=Dunning1991/> has performed at Carnegie Hall,<ref>"Black Mayors Not Gambling with Future Atlantic City, N. J.." ''Chicago Metro News'' (Chicago, Illinois) XX, no. 19, May 3, 1986: 16. Readex: African American Newspapers.</ref> and was the subject of "Cookie's Harlem", an exhibit about his life.<ref name=":0" />

Cook has also performed at the Clark Center Summer Dance Festival in 1986 in a program called "Dancing Feet",<ref>Sinclair, Abiola. 1986. "Bronx Dance Contest." New York Amsterdam News (1962-), Jul 19, 25.</ref> at Lincoln Center Out of Doors in a performance called "Tap Blast" in 1989,<ref>"Display Ad 40 -- no Title." 1989.New York Amsterdam News (1962-), Aug 05, 27.</ref> and at the American Tap Dance Orchestra Premiere Performance at Statue of Liberty Festival in Battery Park.<ref>“American Tap Dance Orchestra Premiere Performance.” 1986. American Tap Dance Foundation. Library of Congress. July 4, 1986. http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tda.5701/default.html.</ref> In 1990 he performed and was part of a lecture entitled "On Tap: Tap Dance as Living History" in Harlem.<ref>"Studio Museum." 1990.New York Amsterdam News (1962-), Jul 28, 31.</ref>

Cook was also featured in "Black Broadway", a show that opened in 1980 celebrating Black artistry.<ref>Kimball, Robert. 1980. "Black Broadway Lights Up Great White Way." New York Amsterdam News (1962-), May 03, 27.</ref> The show featured a number of song and dance numbers including Bill Robinson's "Doin' the New Lowdown" and "Digga Digga Do" (1928), "Stormy Weather" (1933), and "Sweet Georgia Brown" (1925).<ref>“Black Broadway / John Bubbles [theatrical performance],” 1980, performed by John Bubbles, Charles “Honi” Coles, Gregory Hines, Mercedes Ellington, and Charles “Cookie” Cook, Tap Dance in America: A Twentieth-Century Chronology of Tap Performance on Stage, Film, and Media, Library of Congress, accessed May 4, 2022, http://memory.loc.gov/diglib/ihas/loc.music.tda.3741/default.html</ref>

== Legacy == Cook is noted as being one of the most accessible tap masters from whom younger generations learned steps. He was passionate about passing on tap routines that he wanted to preserve, despite criticism from other tappers.<ref name=":4" /> His students included Pat Cannon, Heather Cornell, Susan Goldbetter, Constance Valis Hill, Katherine Kramer, and many more.<ref name=":0" /> Gail Conrad<ref name=":4" /> and Jane Goldberg<ref name=":1" /> in particular credit Cookie with their tap skills and "finesse".<ref name=":4" />

==References== {{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cook, Charles}} Category:American tap dancers Category:1991 deaths Category:1914 births