{{short description|First-level administrative subdivision of Thailand}} {{More citations needed|date=April 2021}}{{Infobox subdivision type |name = Provinces of Thailand |alt_name = {{transliteration|th|RTGS|changwat}} ({{lang|th|จัง��วัด}}) |map = <!--Leave this empty; bigger map below--> |category = [[Unitary state]] |territory = [[Thailand|Kingdom of Thailand]] |start_date = |current_number = 76 provinces + 1 special administrative area (Bangkok) |number_date = |population_range = 187,000 ([[Samut Songkhram province|Samut Songkhram]]) – 5,456,000 ([[Bangkok]]) (2024)<ref name="DOPA">{{cite web |url=https://stat.bora.dopa.go.th/stat/statnew/statMenu/newStat/home.php |publisher=Department of Provincial Administration (DOPA) |title=Official statistics registration systems |access-date=10 February 2025 |postscript= , year 2024 >provincial level >ExcelFile >no.10-96}}</ref> |area_range = {{Convert|414|km²|abbr=on}} [[Samut Songkhram province|Samut Songkhram]] – {{Convert| 22,311 |km²|abbr=on}} [[Chiang Mai province|Chiang Mai]]<ref name="AREA">{{cite web |url=https://www.forest.go.th |title=ตารางที่ 2 พี้นที่ป่าไม้ แยกรายจังหวัด พ.ศ.2562 |year=2019 |department=Royal Forest Department |language=Thai |trans-title=Table 2 Forest area Separate province year 2019 |access-date=6 April 2021 |postscript=, }} information, Forest statistics Year 2019, Thailand boundary from Department of Provincial Administration in 2013.</ref><ref name="CM2023">[http://www.chiangmai.go.th/managing/public/D4/4D12Dec2023134018.pdf As of 2023 total area of Chiang Mai province is 22,311 sq.km]</ref> |government = [[Organization of the government of Thailand#Provincial government|Provincial government]]<br>[[Provincial Administrative Organization]] (Local)<br>[[Bangkok Metropolitan Administration|Special local authority organisation]] (Bangkok) |subdivision = [[List of districts of Thailand|Districts]] }} The '''provinces of Thailand''' are administrative divisions of the [[Organization of the government of Thailand|government of Thailand]].<ref name="act1991">Office of the Council of State of Thailand, [https://www.dga.or.th/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/file_d6aa2b69e43a56c5456d54cad64411b0.pdf National Administration Act 1991 and its amendments].</ref> The country is divided into 76 [[province]]s ({{langx|th|[[:wikt:จังหวัด|จังหวัด]]}}, {{RTGS|changwat}}, {{IPA|th|tɕāŋ.wàt|pron}}) proper, with one additional special administrative area (the capital, Bangkok).<ref name="DOPA-20170421">{{cite web |title=Administrative information |url=https://multi.dopa.go.th/pab/news/cate9/view46 |website=Department of Provincial Affairs (DOPA) |publisher=Provincial Affairs Bureau |access-date=22 August 2019 |date=21 April 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The World Factbook: Thailand |url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/thailand/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105030255/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/thailand/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=January 5, 2021 |website=U.S. Central Intelligence Agency |access-date=13 June 2018}}</ref> They are the primary local government units and act as [[Juridical person|juristic persons]]. They are divided into [[Districts of Thailand|amphoe]] (districts) which are further divided into [[tambon]] (sub districts), the next lower level of local government.
All provinces form part of the partially devolved central government, or the regional government (ราชการส่วนภูมิภาค {{transliteration|th|ratchakan suan phumiphak}}). Majority of public services, including police, prison, transport, public relation and others are still overseen and managed by the province on behalf of the central government. In 1938–1996, the Royal Thai Government proposed that each province should have a council, elected from people resided within that province. The council acts as an advisory and auditing body to the governor (ผู้ว่าราชการจังหวัด {{transliteration|th|phu wa ratchakan changwat}}), who is appointed by the central government. In 1997, each province has its own [[provincial administrative organization]] (องค์การบริหารส่วนจังหวัด {{transliteration|th|ongkan borihan suan changwat}}), presided over by the president. The PAO manages some public services related to the province. It was expected that the PAO president will become the elected governor (instead of a centrally-appointed one), but the full devolution of the government has not happened. The PAO as well as other [[Thesaban|municipalities]] form part of the local self-governing government (ราชการส่วนท้องถิ่น {{transliteration|th|ratchakan suan thongthin}}).
Bangkok, the sole special administrative area, combines the tasks of the provinces with that of a [[municipality]], including having an elected governor. The average area of the 76 provinces of Thailand plus Bangkok is about {{cvt|6,663.89|km2|sqmi}}, while its average population of all 77 divisions of Thailand is about 908,064 people.
==76 provinces in Thailand==
{{Provinces of Thailand Image Map}} {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! class=unsortable| Seal ! Name ! Name<br />(in Thai) ! Population<br />(December 2024)<ref name="DOPA"/> ! Area<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)<ref name="AREA"/> ! Population<br />density ! Capital ! [[Harmonized System|HS]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wcoomd.org/en/topics/nomenclature/overview/what-is-the-harmonized-system.aspx|title=What is the Harmonized System (HS)?|work=[[World Customs Organization]]}}</ref> ! [[ISO 3166-2:TH|ISO]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iso.org/obp/ui/#iso:code:3166:TH|title=ISO 3166-2:TH}}</ref> ! [[FIPS 10-4|FIPS]] |- | [[File:Seal Bangkok Metropolitan Admin (green).svg|20px]] | {{flag|Bangkok}}<br />(special administrative area) | {{lang|th|กรุงเทพมหานคร}} | style="text-align:right;" |5,456,000 | style="text-align:right;" |1,564 | style="text-align:right;" |3,488 | [[Bangkok]] | BKK | TH-10 | TH40 |- | [[File:Seal Amnatcharoen.png|20px]] | {{flag|Amnat Charoen}} | {{lang|th|อำนาจเจริญ}} | style="text-align:right;" |372,000 | style="text-align:right;" |3,290 | style="text-align:right;" |113 | [[Amnat Charoen]] | ACR | TH-37 | TH77 |- | [[File:Seal Ang Thong.png|20px]] | {{flag|Ang Thong}} | {{lang|th|อ่างทอง}} | style="text-align:right;" |269,000 | style="text-align:right;" |950 | style="text-align:right;" |283 | [[Ang Thong]] | ATG | TH-15 | TH35 |- | [[File:Seal Bueng Kan.png|20px]] | {{flag|Bueng Kan}} | {{lang|th|บึงกาฬ}} | style="text-align:right;" |419,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,003 | style="text-align:right;" |105 | [[Bueng Kan]] | BKN | TH-38 | TH81 |- | [[File:Seal Buriram.png|20px]] | {{flag|Buriram}} | {{lang|th|บุรีรัมย์}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,566,000 | style="text-align:right;" |10,080 | style="text-align:right;" |155 | [[Buriram]] | BRM | TH-31 | TH28 |- | [[File:Seal Chachoengsao.png|20px]] | {{flag|Chachoengsao}} | {{lang|th|ฉะเชิงเทรา}} | style="text-align:right;" |733,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,169 | style="text-align:right;" |142 | [[Chachoengsao]] | CCO | TH-24 | TH44 |- | [[File:Seal Chainat.png|20px]] | {{flag|Chai Nat}} | {{lang|th|ชัยนาท}} | style="text-align:right;" |314,000 | style="text-align:right;" |2,506 | style="text-align:right;" |131 | [[Chai Nat]] | CNT | TH-18 | TH32 |- | [[File:Seal Chaiyaphum.png|20px]] | {{flag|Chaiyaphum}} | {{lang|th|ชัยภูมิ}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,106,000 | style="text-align:right;" |12,698 | style="text-align:right;" |88 | [[Chaiyaphum]] | CPM | TH-36 | TH26 |- | [[File:Seal Chanthaburi (1).svg|20px]] | {{flag|Chanthaburi}} | {{lang|th|จันทบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |536,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,415 | style="text-align:right;" |83 | [[Chanthaburi]] | CTI | TH-22 | TH48 |- | [[File:Seal Chiang Mai.png|20px]] | {{flag|Chiang Mai}} | {{lang|th|เชียงใหม่}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,799,000 | style="text-align:right;" |22,311 | style="text-align:right;" |79 | [[Chiang Mai]] | CMI | TH-50 | TH02 |- | [[File:Seal Chiang Rai.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Chiang Rai}} | {{lang|th|เชียงราย}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,298,000 | style="text-align:right;" |11,503 | style="text-align:right;" |112 | [[Chiang Rai]] | CRI | TH-57 | TH03 |- | [[File:Seal Chonburi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Chonburi}} | {{lang|th|ชลบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,636,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,508 | style="text-align:right;" |363 | [[Chonburi]] | CBI | TH-20 | TH46 |- | [[File:Seal of Chomphon Province.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Chumphon}} | {{lang|th|ชุมพร}} | style="text-align:right;" |508,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,998 | style="text-align:right;" |84 | [[Chumphon]] | CPN | TH-86 | TH58 |- | [[File:Seal Kalasin.png|20px]] | {{flag|Kalasin}} | {{lang|th|กาฬสินธุ์}} | style="text-align:right;" |962,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,936 | style="text-align:right;" |139 | [[Kalasin]] | KSN | TH-46 | TH23 |- | [[File:Seal Kamphaeng Phet.png|20px]] | {{flag|Kamphaeng Phet}} | {{lang|th|กำแพงเพชร}} | style="text-align:right;" |701,000 | style="text-align:right;" |8,512 | style="text-align:right;" |82 | [[Kamphaeng Phet]] | KPT | TH-62 | TH11 |- | [[File:Seal Kanchanaburi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Kanchanaburi}} | {{lang|th|กาญจนบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |896,000 | style="text-align:right;" |19,385 | style="text-align:right;" |46 | [[Kanchanaburi]] | KRI | TH-71 | TH50 |- | [[File:Seal Khon Kaen.png|20px]] | {{flag|Khon Kaen}} | {{lang|th|ขอนแก่น}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,772,000 | style="text-align:right;" |10,659 | style="text-align:right;" |166 | [[Khon Kaen]] | KKN | TH-40 | TH22 |- | [[File:Seal Krabi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Krabi}} | {{lang|th|กระบี่}} | style="text-align:right;" |484,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,323 | style="text-align:right;" |91 | [[Krabi]] | KBI | TH-81 | TH63 |- | [[File:Seal Lampang.png|20px]] | {{flag|Lampang}} | {{lang|th|ลำปาง}} | style="text-align:right;" |704,000 | style="text-align:right;" |12,488 | style="text-align:right;" |56 | [[Lampang]] | LPG | TH-52 | TH06 |- | [[File:Seal Lamphun.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Lamphun}} | {{lang|th|ลำพูน}} | style="text-align:right;" |397,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,478 | style="text-align:right;" |89 | [[Lamphun]] | LPN | TH-51 | TH05 |- | [[File:Seal Loei.png|20px]] | {{flag|Loei}} | {{lang|th|เลย}} | style="text-align:right;" |632,000 | style="text-align:right;" |10,500 | style="text-align:right;" |60 | [[Loei]] | LEI | TH-42 | TH18 |- | [[File:Seal Lopburi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Lopburi}} | {{lang|th|ลพบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |725,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,493 | style="text-align:right;" |111 | [[Lopburi]] | LRI | TH-16 | TH34 |- | [[File:Seal Mae Hong Son.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Mae Hong Son}} | {{lang|th|แม่ฮ่องสอน}} | style="text-align:right;" |288,000 | style="text-align:right;" |12,765 | style="text-align:right;" |23 | [[Mae Hong Son]] | MSN | TH-58 | TH01 |- | [[File:Seal Maha Sarakham.png|20px]] | {{flag|Maha Sarakham}} | {{lang|th|มหาสารคาม}} | style="text-align:right;" |930,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,607 | style="text-align:right;" |165 | [[Maha Sarakham]] | MKM | TH-44 | TH24 |- | [[File:Seal of Mukdahan Province.png|20px]] | {{flag|Mukdahan}} | {{lang|th|มุกดาหาร}} | style="text-align:right;" |351,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,126 | style="text-align:right;" |85 | [[Mukdahan]] | MDH | TH-49 | TH78 |- | [[File:Seal Nakhon Nayok.png|20px]] | {{flag|Nakhon Nayok}} | {{lang|th|นครนายก}} | style="text-align:right;" |260,000 | style="text-align:right;" |2,141 | style="text-align:right;" |121 | [[Nakhon Nayok]] | NYK | TH-26 | TH43 |- | [[File:Seal Nakhon Pathom.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Nakhon Pathom}} | {{lang|th|นครปฐม}} | style="text-align:right;" |926,000 | style="text-align:right;" |2,142 | style="text-align:right;" |432 | [[Mueang Nakhon Pathom district|Mueang Nakhon Pathom]] | NPT | TH-73 | TH53 |- | [[File:Seal of Nakhon Phanom Province (color version).svg|20px]] | {{flag|Nakhon Phanom}} | {{lang|th|นครพนม}} | style="text-align:right;" |711,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,637 | style="text-align:right;" |125 | [[Nakhon Phanom]] | NPM | TH-48 | TH73 |- | [[File:Seal Nakhon Ratchasima.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Nakhon Ratchasima}} | {{lang|th|นครราชสีมา}} | style="text-align:right;" |2,620,000 | style="text-align:right;" |20,736 | style="text-align:right;" |126 | [[Nakhon Ratchasima]] | NMA | TH-30 | TH27 |- | [[File:Seal Nakhon Sawan.png|20px]] | {{flag|Nakhon Sawan}} | {{lang|th|นครสวรรค์}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,014,000 | style="text-align:right;" |9,526 | style="text-align:right;" |106 | [[Nakhon Sawan]] | NSN | TH-60 | TH16 |- | [[File:Seal Nakhon Si Thammarat.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Nakhon Si Thammarat}} | {{lang|th|นครศรีธรรมราช}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,535,000 | style="text-align:right;" |9,885 | style="text-align:right;" |154 | [[Nakhon Si Thammarat]] | NRT | TH-80 | TH64 |- | [[File:Seal of Nan Province (color version, Thai Fine Art Department).svg|20px]] | {{flag|Nan}} | {{lang|th|น่าน}} | style="text-align:right;" |471,000 | style="text-align:right;" |12,130 | style="text-align:right;" |39 | [[Nan (town)|Nan]] | |NAN | TH-55 | TH04 |- | [[File:Seal Narathiwat.png|20px]] | {{flag|Narathiwat}} | {{lang|th|นราธิวาส}} | style="text-align:right;" |824,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,491 | style="text-align:right;" |183 | [[Narathiwat]] | NWT | TH-96 | TH31 |- | [[File:Seal Nong Bua Lamphu.png|20px]] | {{flag|Nong Bua Lamphu}} | {{lang|th|หนองบัวลำภู}} | style="text-align:right;" |504,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,099 | style="text-align:right;" |123 | [[Nong Bua Lam Phu]] | NBP | TH-39 | TH79 |- | [[File:Seal Nong Khai.png|20px]] | {{flag|Nong Khai}} | {{lang|th|หนองคาย}} | style="text-align:right;" |512,000 | style="text-align:right;" |3,275 | style="text-align:right;" |156 | [[Nong Khai]] | NKI | TH-43 | TH17 |- | [[File:Nonthaburi Province Seal.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Nonthaburi}} | {{lang|th|นนทบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,318,000 | style="text-align:right;" |637 | style="text-align:right;" |2,069 | [[Nonthaburi]] | NBI | TH-12 | TH38 |- | [[File:Seal Pathum Thani.png|20px]] | {{flag|Pathum Thani}} | {{lang|th|ปทุมธานี}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,236,000 | style="text-align:right;" |1,520 | style="text-align:right;" |813 | [[Pathum Thani]] | PTE | TH-13 | TH39 |- | [[File:Seal Pattani.png|20px]] | {{flag|Pattani}} | {{lang|th|ปัตตานี}} | style="text-align:right;" |741,000 | style="text-align:right;" |1,977 | style="text-align:right;" |375 | [[Pattani, Thailand|Pattani]] | PTN | TH-94 | TH69 |- | [[File:Seal Phang Nga.png|20px]] | {{flag|Phang Nga}} | {{lang|th|พังงา}} | style="text-align:right;" |266,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,495 | style="text-align:right;" |49 | [[Phang Nga]] | PNA | TH-82 | TH61 |- | [[File:Provincial Seal of Phatthalung.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Phatthalung}} | {{lang|th|พัทลุง}} | style="text-align:right;" |519,000 | style="text-align:right;" |3,861 | style="text-align:right;" |135 | [[Phatthalung]] | PLG | TH-93 | TH66 |- | [[File:Seal Phayao.png|20px]] | {{flag|Phayao}} | {{lang|th|พะเยา}} | style="text-align:right;" |455,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,189 | style="text-align:right;" |74 | [[Phayao]] | PYO | TH-56 | TH41 |- | [[File:Seal Phetchabun.png|20px]] | {{flag|Phetchabun}} | {{lang|th|เพชรบูรณ์}} | style="text-align:right;" |961,000 | style="text-align:right;" |12,340 | style="text-align:right;" |75 | [[Phetchabun]] | PNB | TH-67 | TH14 |- | [[File:Seal Phetchaburi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Phetchaburi}} | {{lang|th|เพชรบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |484,100 | style="text-align:right;" |6,172 | style="text-align:right;" |76 | [[Phetchaburi]] | PBI | TH-76 | TH56 |- | [[File:Seal Phichit.png|20px]] | {{flag|Phichit}} | {{lang|th|พิจิตร}} | style="text-align:right;" |517,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,319 | style="text-align:right;" |120 | [[Phichit]] | PCT | TH-66 | TH13 |- | [[File:Seal of Phitsanulok Province.svg|20px]] | {{flag|Phitsanulok}} | {{lang|th|พิษณุโลก}} | style="text-align:right;" |839,000 | style="text-align:right;" |10,589 | style="text-align:right;" |78 | [[Phitsanulok]] | PLK | TH-65 | TH12 |- | [[File:Seal of Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya Province (color version, Thai Fine Art Department).svg|20px]] | {{flag|Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya}} | {{lang|th|พระนครศรีอยุธยา}} | style="text-align:right;" |823,000 | style="text-align:right;" |2,548 | style="text-align:right;" |323 | [[Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya (city)|Ayutthaya]] | AYA | TH-14 | TH36 |- | [[File:Seal of Phrae Province (colour version, as the provincial administration used).svg|20px]] | {{flag|Phrae}} | {{lang|th|แพร่}} | style="text-align:right;" |422,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,483 | style="text-align:right;" |65 | [[Phrae]] | PRE | TH-54 | TH07 |- | [[File:Seal Phuket (blue).png|20px]] | {{flag|Phuket}} | {{lang|th|ภูเก็ต}} | style="text-align:right;" |430,000 | style="text-align:right;" |547 | style="text-align:right;" |786 | [[Phuket City]] | PKT | TH-83 | TH62 |- | [[File:Seal Prachinburi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Prachinburi}} | {{lang|th|ปราจีนบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |501,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,026 | style="text-align:right;" |100 | [[Prachinburi]] | PRI | TH-25 | TH74 |- | [[File:Seal Prachuap Khiri Khan.png|20px]] | {{flag|Prachuap Khiri Khan}} | {{lang|th|ประจวบคีรีขันธ์}} | style="text-align:right;" |552,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,414 | style="text-align:right;" |87 | [[Prachuap Khiri Khan]] | PKN | TH-77 | TH57 |- | [[File:Seal Ranong.png|20px]] | {{flag|Ranong}} | {{lang|th|ระนอง}} | style="text-align:right;" |193,000 | style="text-align:right;" |3,230 | style="text-align:right;" |59 | [[Ranong]] | RNG | TH-85 | TH59 |- | [[File:Seal Ratchaburi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Ratchaburi}} | {{lang|th|ราชบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |864,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,189 | style="text-align:right;" |167 | [[Ratchaburi]] | RBR | TH-70 | TH52 |- | [[File:Seal Rayong.png|20px]] | {{flag|Rayong}} | {{lang|th|ระยอง}} | style="text-align:right;" |782,000 | style="text-align:right;" |3,666 | style="text-align:right;" |213 | [[Rayong]] | RYG | TH-21 | TH47 |- | [[File:Seal Roi Et.png|20px]] | {{flag|Roi Et}} | {{lang|th|ร้อยเอ็ด}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,276,000 | style="text-align:right;" |7,873 | style="text-align:right;" |162 | [[Roi Et]] | RET | TH-45 | TH25 |- | [[File:Old picture Seal Sakaeo.png|20px]] | {{flag|Sa Kaeo}} | {{lang|th|สระแก้ว}} | style="text-align:right;" |562,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,831 | style="text-align:right;" |80 | [[Sa Kaeo]] | SKW | TH-27 | TH80 |- | [[File:Seal Sakon Nakhon.png|20px]] | {{flag|Sakon Nakhon}} | {{lang|th|สกลนคร}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,138,000 | style="text-align:right;" |9,580 | style="text-align:right;" |118 | [[Sakon Nakhon]] | SNK | TH-47 | TH20 |- | [[File:Samutphakhan.png|20px]] | {{flag|Samut Prakan}} | {{lang|th|สมุทรปราการ}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,381,000 | style="text-align:right;" |947 | style="text-align:right;" |1,458 | [[Mueang Samut Prakan]] | SPK | TH-11 | TH42 |- | [[File:Seal Samut Sakhon.png|20px]] | {{flag|Samut Sakhon}} | {{lang|th|สมุทรสาคร}} | style="text-align:right;" |591,000 | style="text-align:right;" |866 | style="text-align:right;" |682 | [[Mueang Samut Sakhon]] | SKN | TH-74 | TH55 |- | [[File:Seal Samut Songkhram.png|20px]] | {{flag|Samut Songkhram}} | {{lang|th|สมุทรสงคราม}} | style="text-align:right;" |187,000 | style="text-align:right;" |414 | style="text-align:right;" |452 | [[Samut Songkhram]] | SKM | TH-75 | TH54 |- | [[File:Seal Saraburi (2564).png|20px]] | {{flag|Saraburi}} | {{lang|th|สระบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |639,000 | style="text-align:right;" |3,499 | style="text-align:right;" |182 | [[Saraburi]] | SRB | TH-19 | TH37 |- | [[File:Seal Satun.png|20px]] | {{flag|Satun}} | {{lang|th|สตูล}} | style="text-align:right;" |325,000 | style="text-align:right;" |3,019 | style="text-align:right;" |108 | [[Satun]] | STN | TH-91 | TH67 |- | [[File:Seal Sing Buri.png|20px]] | {{flag|Sing Buri}} | {{lang|th|สิงห์บุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |200,000 | style="text-align:right;" |817 | style="text-align:right;" |245 | [[Sing Buri]] | SBR | TH-17 | TH33 |- | [[File:Seal Sisaket.png|20px]] | {{flag|Sisaket}} | {{lang|th|ศรีสะเกษ}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,442,000 | style="text-align:right;" |8,936 | style="text-align:right;" |161 | [[Sisaket]] | SSK | TH-33 | TH30 |- | [[File:Seal Songkhla.png|20px]] | {{flag|Songkhla}} | {{lang|th|สงขลา}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,431,000 | style="text-align:right;" |7,741 | style="text-align:right;" |185 | [[Songkhla]] | SKA | TH-90 | TH68 |- | [[File:Seal of Sukhothai Province (color version).svg|20px]] | {{flag|Sukhothai}} | {{lang|th|สุโขทัย}} | style="text-align:right;" |573,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,671 | style="text-align:right;" |86 | [[Sukhothai Thani]] | STI | TH-64 | TH09 |- | [[File:Seal Suphanburi.png|20px]] | {{flag|Suphan Buri}} | {{lang|th|สุพรรณบุรี}} | style="text-align:right;" |822,000 | style="text-align:right;" |5,410 | style="text-align:right;" |152 | [[Suphan Buri]] | SPB | TH-72 | TH51 |- | [[File:Seal Surat Thani.png|20x20px]] | {{flag|Surat Thani}} | {{lang|th|สุราษฎร์ธานี}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,077,000 | style="text-align:right;" |13,079 | style="text-align:right;" |81 | [[Surat Thani]] | SRT | TH-84 | TH60 |- | [[File:Seal Surin.png|20px]] | {{flag|Surin}} | {{lang|th|สุรินทร์}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,360,000 | style="text-align:right;" |8,854 | style="text-align:right;" |153 | [[Surin, Thailand|Surin]] | SRN | TH-32 | TH29 |- | [[File:Seal Tak.png|20px]] | {{flag|Tak}} | {{lang|th|ตาก}} | style="text-align:right;" |699,000 | style="text-align:right;" |17,303 | style="text-align:right;" |40 | [[Tak (town)|Tak]] | TAK | TH-63 | TH08 |- | [[File:Seal Trang.png|20px]] | {{flag|Trang}} | {{lang|th|ตรัง}} | style="text-align:right;" |635,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,726 | style="text-align:right;" |134 | [[Trang, Thailand|Trang]] | TRG | TH-92 | TH65 |- | [[File:Seal Trat.png|20px]] | {{flag|Trat}} | {{lang|th|ตราด}} | style="text-align:right;" |227,000 | style="text-align:right;" |2,866 | style="text-align:right;" |77 | [[Trat]] | TRT | TH-23 | TH49 |- | [[File:Seal Ubon Ratchathani.png|20px]] | {{flag|Ubon Ratchathani}} | {{lang|th|อุบลราชธานี}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,868,000 | style="text-align:right;" |15,626 | style="text-align:right;" |119 | [[Mueang Ubon Ratchathani District|Mueang Ubon Ratchathani]] | UBN | TH-34 | TH75 |- | [[File:Seal Udon Thani.png|20px]] | {{flag|Udon Thani}} | {{lang|th|อุดรธานี}} | style="text-align:right;" |1,552,000 | style="text-align:right;" |11,072 | style="text-align:right;" |140 | [[Udon Thani]] | UDN | TH-41 | TH76 |- | [[File:Seal Uthaithani.png|20px]] | {{flag|Uthai Thani}} | {{lang|th|อุทัยธานี}} | style="text-align:right;" |320,000 | style="text-align:right;" |6,647 | style="text-align:right;" |48 | [[Uthai Thani]] | UTI | TH-61 | TH15 |- | [[File:Seal Uttaradit.png|20px]] | {{flag|Uttaradit}} | {{lang|th|อุตรดิตถ์}} | style="text-align:right;" |436,000 | style="text-align:right;" |7,906 | style="text-align:right;" |55 | [[Uttaradit]] | UTD | TH-53 | TH10 |- | [[File:Seal Yala.png|20px]] | {{flag|Yala}} | {{lang|th|ยะลา}} | style="text-align:right;" |553,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,476 | style="text-align:right;" |124 | [[Yala, Thailand|Yala]] | YLA | TH-95 | TH70 |- | [[File:Seal of Yasothon Province.png|20px]] | {{flag|Yasothon}} | {{lang|th|ยโสธร}} | style="text-align:right;" |525,000 | style="text-align:right;" |4,131 | style="text-align:right;" |127 | [[Yasothon]] | YST | TH-35 | TH72 |} * The total population of Thailand is 65,951,000 as of December 2024.<ref name="DOPA" /> * The total land area of Thailand is 517,646 km<sup>2</sup> in 2013.<ref name="AREA" /> * The total land area of Chiang Mai province is 22,311 sq.km<ref name="CM2023"/> * HS – Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System. * FIPS code is replaced on 31 December 2014 with ISO 3166.
==Governance== {{see also|List of provincial governors in Thailand}} {{Administrative divisions of Thailand}} Thailand's national government organisation is divided into three types: central government ([[List of government ministries of Thailand|ministries]], bureaus and departments), provincial government (provinces and [[Amphoe|districts]]) and local government (Bangkok, [[Pattaya]], provincial administrative organisations, etc.).
A province, as part of the provincial government, is administered by a governor (ผู้ว่าราชการจังหวัด) who is appointed by the Minister of Interior. Bangkok, as part of the local government, is administered by a corporation called [[Bangkok Metropolitan Administration]]. The corporation is led by the Governor of Bangkok (ผู้ว่าราชการกรุงเทพมหานคร) who is directly elected by the citizens of Bangkok.
The provinces are named after their original main city, which may not necessarily still be the most populous city within the province today. Also, in several provinces the administration has been moved into a new building outside the city.
==History==
===Before 1892=== Many provinces date back to semi-independent local chiefdoms or kingdoms, which made up the [[Ayutthaya Kingdom]]. The provinces were created around a capital city (''[[mueang]]''), and included surrounding villages or satellite towns. The provinces were administered either by a governor, who was appointed by the king or by a local ruling family, who were descendants of the old kings and princes of that area and had been given this privilege by the central king. De facto the king did not have much choice but to choose someone from the local nobility or an economically strong man, as against these local power groups the administration would have become impossible. The governor was not paid by the king, but instead financed himself and his administration by imposing local taxes himself. Every province was required to send an annual tribute to Bangkok.
The provinces were divided into four different classes. The first-class were the border provinces. The second-class were those that once had their own princely house. Third-class were provinces that were created by splitting them from other provinces. Fourth-class were provinces near the capital. Additionally tributary states like the principalities of [[Lan Na]], the [[Laos|Laotian]] kingdoms of [[Vientiane]] and [[Luang Prabang]], [[Cambodia]], or the [[Malays (ethnic group)|Malay]] sultanate [[Kedah]] were also part of the country, but with more autonomy than the provinces. In this [[Mandala (Southeast Asian political model)|Mandala system]] the semi-independent countries sometimes were tributary to more than one country.
New provinces were created when the population of an area outgrew the administration, but also for political reasons. If a governor became too dominant in a region former satellite cities were elevated to provincial status, as was the case with [[Maha Sarakham province]].
Reforms of the provincial administration started in the 1870s under increased pressure from the [[Colonialism|colonial]] states of the [[United Kingdom]] and [[France]]. Agents were sent, especially to border areas, to impose more control on the provinces or tributary states.
===Administrative reform of 1892=== [[File:Map of Siam in 1900.png|thumb|Map of Siam in 1900]] At the end of the 19th century King [[Chulalongkorn]] reformed the central government. In 1892 the ministry, which previously had many overlapping responsibilities, was reorganized with clear missions as in Western administrations. Prince [[Damrong Rajanubhab]] became minister of the Ministry of the North (''[[Mahatthai]]''), originally responsible for the northern administration. When the Ministry of the South (''[[Kalahom]]'') was dissolved in 1894, Prince Damrong became Minister of the Interior, responsible for the provincial administration of the whole country.
Starting in 1893 the already existing commissionaireships in some parts of the country were renamed "superintendent commissioner" (''khaluang Thesaphiban''), and their area of responsibility was called a ''[[monthon]]''. In strategically important areas the monthon were created first, while in other areas the provinces kept their independence a bit longer. Several smaller provinces were reduced in status to an ''amphoe'' (district) or even lower to a ''tambon'' (sub-district) and included in a neighboring province, sometimes for administrative reasons, but sometimes to remove an uncooperative governor.
In some regions rebellions broke out against the new administrative system, usually induced by the local nobility fearing their loss of power. The most notable was the [[Holy Man Rebellion]] in 1902 in [[Isan]]. It was initially a messianic doomsday sect, but it also attacked government representatives in the northeast. The provincial town [[Amphoe Khemarat|Khemarat]] was even burned by the rebels. After a few months the rebellion was beaten back.<ref>{{cite book|author=Tej Bunnag|title=The Provincial Administration of Siam from 1892 to 1915|page=273ff|url=https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:08391faa-da5e-41f5-8c0f-eafa67c696b3/datastreams/ATTACHMENT1|date=1969}}</ref>
After 1916, the word ''changwat'' became common to use for the provinces, partly to distinguish them from the provincial capital city (''mueang'' or ''amphoe mueang''), but also to stress the new administrative structure of the provinces.<ref>{{cite journal|journal=Royal Gazette|volume=33|issue=ก|pages=51–53|script-title=th:ประกาศกระทรวงมหาดไทย เรื่อง ทรงพระกรุณาโปรดเกล้า ฯ ให้เปลี่ยนคำว่าเมืองเรียกว่าจังหวัด|url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2459/A/51.PDF|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409014441/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2459/A/51.PDF|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 9, 2008|date=1916-05-28|language=th}}</ref> [[File:Siam in 1900, During Rama V's Reign.jpg|thumb|Cities and Monthons in 1900<ref>{{Citation|last=Timtsunami8|title=English: An updated version of the map|date=2020-08-31|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Map of Siam in 1900.png|access-date=2021-06-21}}</ref>]] When Prince Damrong resigned in 1915, the whole country was divided into 19 monthon (including the area around Bangkok, which was under the responsibility of another ministry until 1922), with 72 provinces.
In December 1915 King [[Vajiravudh]] announced the creation of regions (''phak''), each administered by a viceroy (''upparat''), to cover several monthon. Until 1922 four regions were established; however, in 1925 they were dissolved again. At the same time several monthon were merged, in an attempt to streamline administration and reduce costs.
===Since 1932=== The monthons were dissolved when Thailand transformed from an absolute monarchy into a constitutional monarchy in 1932, making the provinces the top level administrative division again. Several smaller provinces were also abolished at that time. During World War II, several provinces around Bangkok were merged. These changes were undone after the war. Also the occupied area from French Indochina was organized into four provinces: [[Phra Tabong province|Phra Tabong]], [[Phibunsongkhram province|Phibunsongkhram]], [[Nakhon Champassak province|Nakhon Champasak]] and [[Lan Chang province|Lan Chang]]. The current province of Sukhothai was at first known as Sawankhalok. It was renamed Sukhothai in 1939 (which is why the railway system goes to Sawankhalok city and not Sukhothai city). The province, Kalasin, was reestablished in 1947 after having been dissolved in 1932.
In 1972 Phra Nakhon and Thonburi provinces were merged to form the special administrative area of Bangkok, which combines the tasks of the provinces with that of a [[thesaban|municipality]], including having an elected governor.
Starting in the second half of the 20th century some provinces were newly created by splitting them off from bigger provinces. In 1975, Yasothon province was split off from Ubon Ratchathani. In 1977, Phayao province was created from districts formerly part of Chiang Rai. In 1982, Mukdahan was split off from Nakhon Phanom. In 1993 three provinces were created: [[Sa Kaeo province|Sa Kaeo]] (split from Prachinburi), [[Nong Bua Lamphu province]] (split from Udon Thani), and [[Amnat Charoen province|Amnat Charoen]] (split from Ubon Ratchathani). The newest province is [[Bueng Kan province|Bueng Kan]], which was split off from Nong Khai effective 23 March 2011.
==Former provinces and administrative areas==
===Former provinces merged into other provinces=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Province ! Capital ! Merged in ! Fate |- | Kabin Buri | [[Kabin Buri District|Kabin Buri]] | 1926<ref>{{Cite web |archive-date=May 4, 2012 |title=430 |url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2468/A/430.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120504101243/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2468/A/430.PDF |website=ratchakitcha.soc.go.th}}</ref> | Merged into [[Prachinburi province]] |- | Sukhothai (before 1932) | [[Sukhothai Thani]] | rowspan = "9" | 1932<ref>{{Cite web |archive-date=April 9, 2008 |title=576 |url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2474/A/576.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409015327/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2474/A/576.PDF |website=ratchakitcha.soc.go.th}}</ref> | Merged into Sawankhalok province. However, the province's name and location of capital was changed back to Sukhothai in 1938. |- | Lom Sak | [[Lom Sak District|Lom Sak]] | Merged into [[Phetchabun province]] |- | Thanyaburi | [[Thanyaburi District|Thanyaburi]] | Merged into [[Pathum Thani province]] |- | [[Kalasin province|Kalasin]] | [[Kalasin]] | Merged into [[Maha Sarakham province]], Split out again in 1947 |- | Lang Suan | [[Lang Suan District|Lang Suan]] | Merged into [[Chumphon province]] |- | Takua Pa | [[Takua Pa District|Takua Pa]] | Merged into [[Phang Nga province]] |- | Sai Buri | [[Sai Buri District|Sai Buri]] | Merged into [[Pattani province]] (except [[Bacho District]] which was merged into [[Narathiwat province]]) |- | Phra Pradaeng | [[Phra Pradaeng District|Phra Pradaeng]] | Merged into [[Samut Prakan province]] (except [[Rat Burana District]] which was merged into [[Thonburi|Thonburi province]]) |- | Min Buri | [[Min Buri District|Min Buri]] | Merged into Phra Nakhon province ([[Nong Chok District]] was merged into [[Chachoengsao province]] first then reallocated back in 1933) |- | Samut Prakan (before 1943) | [[Samut Prakan]] | rowspan = "4" | 1943<ref>{{Cite web |title=2447 |url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2485/A/077/2447.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080409014722/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2485/A/077/2447.PDF |archive-date=April 9, 2008 |website=ratchakitcha.soc.go.th}}</ref> | Merged into Phra Nakhon province (except [[Ko Sichang District]] which was merged into [[Chonburi province]]). The part of Phra Nakhon was split out again in 1946 |- | [[Nakhon Nayok province|Nakhon Nayok]] | [[Nakhon Nayok]] | Merged into [[Prachinburi province]] (except [[Ban Na District]] which was merged into [[Saraburi province]]). Split out again in 1946 |- | [[Samut Sakhon province|Samut Sakhon]] | [[Samut Sakhon]] | Merged into [[Thonburi|Thonburi province]]. Split out again in 1946 |- | [[Nonthaburi province|Nonthaburi]] | [[Nonthaburi]] | Merged into [[Bangkok|Phra Nakhon province]] (except [[Bang Kruai District]], [[Bang Yai District]], [[Bang Bua Thong District]] which was merged into [[Thonburi|Thonburi province]]). Split out again in 1946 |- | Phra Nakhon | [[Phra Nakhon District|Phra Nakhon]] | rowspan = "2" | 1971<ref>{{Cite web |title=816 |url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2514/A/144/816.PDF |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110425134705/http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2514/A/144/816.PDF |archive-date=April 25, 2011 |website=ratchakitcha.soc.go.th}}</ref> | rowspan = "2" | Merged to form the current [[Bangkok]] |- | [[Thonburi]] | [[Thon Buri District|Thonburi]] |}
===Conceded territories (including protectorates)=== {| class="wikitable sortable" |- ! Territory ! Capital ! Period ! Fate ! Today part of |- |Salaween Territory |[[Chiang Mai]] |1802–1892 |[[Kayah State|Karenni State]] and [[Shan State]], {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Burma]] |[[Kayah State]] and [[Shan State]] {{Flag|Myanmar}} |- |Kawtaung Territory |[[Chumphon]] |1769–1864 |[[Tanintharyi Region|Mergui]] {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Burma]] |[[Tanintharyi Region|Thanintharyi]] {{Flagicon|Myanmar}} [[British Burma|Myanmar]] |- |Chiang Mai Territory |[[Chiang Mai]] |1768–1834 |Thaton {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Burma]] |[[Myawaddy]], [[Kayin State]] {{Flag|Myanmar}} |- |[[Sip Song Chau Tai|Sip Song Ju Tai]] |none |1779–1888 |4e Territoire Millitaire, Son La, Lao Kay, Yen Bay, Pho Tho, Hoa Bin {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Sơn La province|Son La]], [[Điện Biên province|Dien Bien]], [[Lai Châu province|Lai Chau]], [[Phú Thọ province|Phu Tho]], [[Yên Bái province|Yen Bai]], [[Hòa Bình province|Hoa Binh]] {{flag|Vietnam}} |- |Chiang Khaeng (Muang Sing) |[[Muang Sing]] |1892–1893 |[[Shan State]] {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Burma]] and Haut Mekong {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Shan State]] {{Flag|Myanmar}} and [[Luang Namtha]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Luang Phrabang |[[Luang Prabang|Luang Phrabang]] |1778–1893 |[[Luang Prabang province|Luang Phrabang]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Luang Prabang province|Luang Phrabang]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Chiang Khouang |[[Khoune district|Chiang Khouang]] |1828–1893 |[[Xiangkhouang|Tran Ninh]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Xiangkhouang]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Borikhan Nikhom |[[Borikhane district|Borikhan Nikhom]] |1828–1893 |[[Vientiane province|Vientiane]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Bolikhamsai province|Bolikhamsai]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Kham Kert |[[Khamkeut district|Kham Kert]] |1828–1893 |[[Khammouane province|Khammouane]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Bolikhamsai province|Bolikhamsai]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Kham Meun |[[Nakai district|Kham Meun]] |1828–1893 |[[Khammouane province|Khammouane]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Khammouane province|Khammouane]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Nakhon Phanom |[[Nakhon Phanom]] |1893 |Partitioned between [[Nakhon Phanom province|Nakhon Phanom]] {{flag|Siam}} and [[Khammouane province|Khammouane]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] | [[Nakhon Phanom province|Nakhon Phanom]] {{flag|Thailand}} and [[Khammouane province|Khammouane]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Mukdahan |[[Mukdahan]] |1893 |Partitioned between [[Mukdahan province|Mukdahan]] {{flag|Siam}} and [[Savannakhet province|Savannakhet]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Mukdahan province|Mukdahan]] {{flag|Thailand}} and [[Savannakhet province|Savannakhet]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Khemmarat |[[Khemarat district|Khemmarat]] |1893 |Partitioned between [[Khemarat district|Khemmarat]] {{flag|Siam}} and [[Salavan province|Salavan]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Ubon Ratchathani province|Ubon Ratchathani]] {{flag|Thailand}} and [[Salavan province|Salavan]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Nakhon Champassak |[[Champasak (town)|Nakhon Champassak]] |1780–1826 1829–1904 |Partitioned between Det Udom {{flag|Siam}} and [[Champasak province|Bassac]], [[Attapeu province|Attapeu]], [[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]] {{flag|Cambodia}} and [[Salavan province|Salavan]], [[Attapeu province|Attapeu]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Kham Thong Luang |[[Khongsedone district|Kham Tong Luang]] |1829–1893 |[[Salavan province|Salavan]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Salavan province|Salavan]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Salawan |[[Salavan (city)|Salawan]] |1829–1893 |[[Salavan province|Salavan]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Salavan province|Salavan]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Attapeu |[[Attapeu]] |1829–1893 |[[Attapeu province|Attapeu]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Attapeu province|Attapeu]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Sitadon |[[Khong district, Laos|Sitadon]] |1829–1893 |[[Champasak province|Bassac]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Champasak province|Champassak]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |Saen Pang |[[Siem Pang District|Saen Pang]] |1829–1893 |[[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |Chiang Taeng |[[Stung Treng province|Chiang Taeng]] |1829–1893 |[[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |Chaiburi |[[Sainyabuli|Chaiburi]] |1893–1904 |[[Luang Prabang province|Luang Phrabang]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Sainyabuli province|Sainyabuli]] {{flag|Laos}} |- |Khukhan |[[Khukhan district|Khukhan]] |1907 |Partitioned between [[Khukhan district|Khukhan]] {{flag|Siam}} and [[Kampong Thom province|Kampong Thom]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Sisaket]] {{flag|Thailand}} and [[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]], [[Kampong Thom province|Kampong Thom]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |Sangkha |[[Sangkha district|Sangkha]] |1907 |Partitioned between [[Sangkha district|Sangkha]] {{flag|Siam}} and [[Battambang]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Surin province|Surin]] {{flag|Thailand}} and [[Oddar Meanchey province|Oddar Meanchey]], [[Banteay Meanchey province|Banteay Meanchey]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |[[Siemmarat]] |[[Siem Reap|Siemmarat]] |1845–1907 |[[Siem Reap province|Siem Reap]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Siem Reap province|Siem Reap]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |Phanom Sok |[[Phnom Srok district|Phnom Srok]] |1845–1907 |[[Siem Reap province|Siem Reap]], [[Battambang]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Siem Reap province|Siem Reap]], [[Oddar Meanchey province|Oddar Meanchey]], [[Banteay Meanchey province|Banteay Meanchey]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |[[Sisophon province|Sisophon]] |[[Sisophon]] |1845–1907 |[[Battambang]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Banteay Meanchey province|Banteay Meanchey]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |[[Phra Tabong province|Phra Tabong]] |[[Battambang|Phra Tabong]] |1769–1907 |[[Battambang]] {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Battambang]], [[Battambang|Banteay Meanchey]] {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |Prachankiriket<ref>{{cite web |date=27 June 2018 |title=ร.๔ พระราชทานชื่อเมือง ประจวบคีรีขันธ์ กับ ปัจจันตคีรีเขตร ให้คู่กัน! แต่วันนี้อีกเมืองหายไปไหน!! |url=https://mgronline.com/onlinesection/detail/9610000063767}}</ref> |Prachankiriket |1855–1904 |Pursat and Kampot, {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] |[[Pursat province|Pursat]] and [[Koh Kong province|Koh Kong]], {{flag|Cambodia}} |- |[[Penang]] |[[George Town, Penang|Penang]] |1786–1867 |[[Penang]] {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Malaya]] |[[Penang]] {{Flag|Malaysia}} |- | [[Lan Chang province|Lan Chang]] | [[Sainyabuli|Sama Buri]] | 1941–1946 | Luang Prabang, {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] | [[Sainyabuli province|Sainyabuli]] and [[Luang Prabang province|Luang Prabang]], {{flag|Laos}} |- | [[Phra Tabong province|Phra Tabong]] | [[Battambang]] | 1941–1946 | Battambang, {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] | [[Battambang province|Battambang]] and [[Pailin province|Pailin]], {{flag|Cambodia}} |- | [[Phibunsongkhram province|Phibunsongkhram]] | [[Sisophon]] | 1941–1946 | Battambang, Siem Reap, Kompong Thom and Stung Treng, {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] | [[Banteay Meanchey province|Banteay Meanchey]], [[Oddar Meanchey province|Oddar Meanchey]] and [[Siem Reap province|Siem Reap]], {{flag|Cambodia}} |- | [[Nakhon Champassak province|Nakhon Champassak]] | [[Champasak (town)|Champasak]] | 1941–1946 | Kompong Thom, Stung Treng and Bassac, {{Flagicon|France}} [[French Indochina]] | [[Preah Vihear province|Preah Vihear]] and [[Stung Treng province|Stung Treng]], {{flag|Cambodia}}<br />[[Champasak province|Champasak]], {{flag|Laos}} |- | [[Syburi]] | [[Alor Setar]] | 1821–1909<br />1943–1945 | [[Kedah]], {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Malaya]] | [[Kedah]], {{Flag|Malaysia}} |- | [[Perlis|Palit]] | [[Kangar]] | 1839–1909<br />1943–1945 | [[Perlis]], {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Malaya]] | [[Perlis]], {{Flag|Malaysia}} |- | [[Kelantan|Kalantan]] | [[Kota Bharu]] | 1786–1909<br />1943–1945 | [[Kelantan]], {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Malaya]] | [[Kelantan]], {{Flag|Malaysia}} |- | [[Terengganu|Trangkanu]] | [[Kuala Terengganu]] | 1786 –1909<br />1943–1945 | [[Terengganu]], {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Malaya]] | [[Terengganu]], {{Flag|Malaysia}} |- | [[Saharat Thai Doem]] | [[Kengtung|Chiang Tung]] | 1943–1945 | [[Kayah State|Karenni State]] and [[Shan State]], {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[British Burma]] | [[Kayah State]] and [[Shan State]] {{Flag|Myanmar}} |- |Tanaosi |[[Dawei|Tanaosi]] |until–1767 |Dawei {{Flagicon|Myanmar}} [[Konbaung dynasty|Konbaung Dynasty]] |[[Tanintharyi Region|Thanintharyi]] {{Flagicon|Myanmar}} [[British Burma|Myanmar]] |}
=== Map of Siam in early 1893 === [[File:Siam in 1893, During Rama V's Reign.jpg|center|frameless|1545x1545px|Provinces of Siam (Thailand) in 1871]]
==Historic administrative divisions of Thailand== <gallery mode="nolines" widths="150" heights="200"> File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1368.jpg|1368 ([[Uthong]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1390.jpg|1390 ([[Ramesuan (king of Ayutthaya)|Ramesuan]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1432.jpg|1432 ([[Borommarachathirat II]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1468.jpg|1468 [[Borommatrailokkanat|(Borommatrailokkanat]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1545.jpg|1545 ([[Chairachathirat]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1603.jpg|1603 [[Naresuan|(Sanphet II]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1680.jpg|1680 ([[Narai|Ramathibodi III]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1686.jpg|1686 [[Narai|(Ramathibodi III]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1727.jpg|1727 ([[Thai Sa|Sanphet IX]]) File:Map of Ayutthaya Kingdom in 1767.jpg|1767 ([[Ekkathat|Borommaracha III]]) File:Map of Thonburi Kingdom in 1780.jpg|1780 ([[Taksin|Borommaracha IV]]) File:Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1800.jpg|1800 ([[Rama I]]) File:Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1805.jpg|1805 ([[Rama I]]) File:Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1824.jpg|1824 ([[Rama II]]) File:Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1837.jpg|1837 ([[Rama III]]) File:Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1850.jpg|1850 ([[Rama III]]) File:Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1862.jpg|1862 ([[Mongkut|Rama IV]]) File:Map of Rattanakosin Kingdom in 1882.jpg|1882 ([[Chulalongkorn|Rama V]]) File:Map of Siamese Kingdom in 1890.jpg|1890 ([[Chulalongkorn|Rama V]]) File:Map of Siamese Kingdom in 1893.jpg|1893 ([[Chulalongkorn|Rama V]]) File:Map of Siamese Kingdom in 1900.jpg|1900 ([[Chulalongkorn|Rama V]]) File:Map of Siamese Kingdom in 1906.jpg|1906 ([[Chulalongkorn|Rama V]]) File:Map of Siamese Kingdom in 1908.jpg|1908 ([[Chulalongkorn|Rama V]]) File:Map of Siamese Kingdom in 1916.jpg|1916 ([[Vajiravudh|Rama VI]]) File:Map of Thai Kingdom in 1932.jpg|1932 ([[Prajadhipok|Rama VII]]) File:Map of Siam Kingdom in 1941.jpg|1941 ([[Ananda Mahidol|Rama VIII]]) File:Map of Thai Kingdom in 1945.jpg|1945 ([[Ananda Mahidol|Rama VIII]]) File:Map of Thailand Kingdom in 1946.jpg|1946 ([[Ananda Mahidol|Rama VIII]]) File:Map of Thai Kingdom in 1950.jpg|1950 ([[Bhumibol Adulyadej|Rama IX]]) File:Map of Thai Kingdom in 1973.jpg|1973 ([[Bhumibol Adulyadej|Rama IX]]) File:Map of Thai Kingdom in 2023.jpg|2023 ([[Vajiralongkorn|Rama X]]) </gallery>
==See also== * [[ISO 3166-2:TH]] * [[List of districts of Thailand]] * [[List of Thai provinces by GPP]] * [[Nationality, religion, and language data for the provinces of Thailand]] * [[Organization of the government of Thailand]] * [[Seals of the provinces of Thailand]] * [[Administrative divisions of Thailand]]
==References== {{reflist}}
==Further reading== * {{cite book|author=Tej Bunnag|title=The Provincial Administration of Siam, 1892–1915: the Ministry of the Interior under Prince Damrong Rajanubhab|isbn=0-19-580343-4|location=Kuala Lumpur; New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1977}}
==External links== {{Commons category|Provinces of Thailand}} * [http://www.dopa.go.th/ Department of Provincial Administration] * [http://www.forvo.com/tag/provinces_in_thailand/ Pronunciation of provinces in Thailand at www.forvo.com]
{{Provinces of Thailand|state=uncollapsed}} {{Articles on first-level administrative divisions of Asian countries}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Provinces Of Thailand}} [[Category:Provinces of Thailand| ]] [[Category:Subdivisions of Thailand]] [[Category:Thailand geography-related lists]] [[Category:Administrative divisions in Asia|Thailand 1]] [[Category:First-level administrative divisions by country|Provinces, Thailand]] [[Category:Lists of subdivisions of Thailand|Provinces by area]] [[Category:Lists by population density|Thailand]] [[Category:Geography of Thailand]]