{{Short description|Ruler of Predynastic Shang}} {{Infobox royalty |name=Chang Ruo<br/>{{lang|zh|昌若}} |reign = ? - ? |father=Xiang Tu |predecessor=Xiang Tu |successor=Cao Yu of Shang |succession=Ruler of Predynastic Shang | full name = {{ubl|Family name: Zi ({{lang|zh|子}}) | Given name: Chang Ruo ({{lang|zh|昌若}})}} }} {{Infobox Chinese |title ='''Chang Ruo''' |c={{linktext|昌若}} |p=Chāng Ruò |w=Ch'ang1 Jo4 |y=Chēung Yeuk6 |wuu={{tonesup|1tshaon 8zaq}} |l=(personal name) |mc=tsyhang nyak |oc-zz=/*tʰjaŋ njaɡ/ }} '''Chang Ruo''' ({{zh|s=昌若|p=Chāng Ruò}}) was the fourth ruler of Predynastic Shang. His family name is '''Zi''' ({{Lang|zh|子}}). He is not attested in oracle bone inscriptions at all, only being mentioned in post-Shang texts, particularly ''Records of the Grand Historian''.
== Family == His great-grandfather was Xie, the founder of Predynastic Shang and a descendent of Emperor Ku and the Yellow Emperor. His grandfather was Zhao Ming. His father was Xiang Tu, who is recorded as being a chariot-maker.<ref>{{cite book |orig-date=475 BC - 221 BC|title=竹書紀年 |publisher=Chinese Text Project |url=https://ctext.org/zhushu-jinian/di-xiang |chapter=帝相 |quote=十五年，商侯相土作乘馬。遂遷于商丘。 |trans-title=Bamboo Annals}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |orig-date=81 BC-9|last1=Huan |first1=Kuan |editor1-last=Sturgeon |editor1-first=Donald |title=鹽鐵論 |url=https://ctext.org/yan-tie-lun/fei-yang |language=lzh |chapter=2 |quote=大夫曰：「秦任商君，國以富強，其後卒并六國而成帝業。及二世之時，邪臣擅斷，公道不行，諸侯叛弛，宗廟隳亡。春秋曰：『末言爾，祭仲亡也。』夫善歌者使人續其聲，善作者使人紹其功。椎車之蟬攫，相土之教也。周道之成，周公之力也。雖有裨諶之草創，無子產之潤色，有文、武之規矩，而無周、呂之鑿枘，則功業不成。今以趙高之亡秦而非商鞅，猶以崇虎亂殷而非伊尹也。」 |trans-title=Discourses on Salt and Iron}}</ref> His son was Cao Yu, who would succeed him after his death.<ref name="annals-yin">{{cite book |last1=Sima |first1=Qian |editor1-last=Sturgeon |editor1-first=Donald |title=史記 |publisher=Chinese Text Project |url=https://ctext.org/shiji/yin-ben-ji/ens |language=lzh |orig-date=109 BC-91 BC|chapter=殷本紀 |quote=契卒，子昭明立。昭明卒，子相土立。相土卒，子昌若立。昌若卒，子曹圉立。曹圉卒，子冥立。冥卒，子振立。振卒，子微立。微卒，子报丁立。报丁卒，子报乙立。报乙卒，子报丙立。报丙卒，子主壬立。主壬卒，子主癸立。主癸卒，子天乙立，是为成汤。}}</ref>
==References== {{reflist}}
{{S-start}} {{S-hou|Predynastic Shang||||}} {{S-reg}} {{S-bef|before=Xiang Tu}} {{S-ttl|title=King of Shang|}} {{S-aft|after=Cao Yu}} {{s-end}} {{Shang dynasty topics}}
Category:History of China Category:Shang dynasty Category:Kings of the Shang dynasty Category:Asian people whose existence is disputed Category:Shang dynasty people