{{short description|Stemware specialized for sparkling wine}} {{distinguish|text = the musical instrument [[glass flute]]}} [[Image:Champagne flute and bottle.jpg|thumb|upright|Champagne flute and bottle]] [[Image:Glass02.jpg|thumb|upright|Champagne coupe]] [[File:Bigest champagne tower.jpg|thumb|upright|Champagne tower]] A '''champagne glass''' is [[stemware]] designed for [[Champagne (wine)|champagne]] and other [[sparkling wine]]s. The two most common forms are the '''flute''' and '''coupe''', both stemmed; holding the glass by the stem prevents warming the drink.{{sfn|Cech|Schact|2005|page=32}} Champagne can also be drunk from a normal [[wine glass]], which allows better appreciation of the flavor, at the expense of accentuating the bubbles less.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://vinepair.com/wine-blog/yes-can-drink-champagne-regular-wine-glass/ |title=Yes, You Can Drink Champagne Out Of A Regular Wine Glass |first=Adam |last=Teeter |date=2014-11-04 |work=VinePair}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Dr. Vinny |date=2014-01-29 |title=Is it better to drink Champagne in a regular wineglass instead of a flute? |url=https://www.winespectator.com/articles/is-it-better-to-drink-champagne-in-a-regular-wineglass-instead-of-a-flute-49538 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220330074153/https://www.winespectator.com/articles/is-it-better-to-drink-champagne-in-a-regular-wineglass-instead-of-a-flute-49538 |archive-date=March 30, 2022 |work=Wine Spectator}}</ref>
== {{anchor|Champagne flute}}Flute == The '''champagne flute''' (French:'' {{Lang|fr|flûte à champagne}}'') is a stem glass with either a tall tapered conical shape or elongated slender bowl, generally holding about {{convert|180|to|200|ml|usfloz|abbr=on}} of liquid.{{sfn|Giblin|2011|page=15}}
The earliest examples of flute-like glasses date back to the [[Roman era]].<ref name=":0" /> In [[Modern era|modern times]] those made at [[Murano]] near [[Venice]], being of fine [[craftsmanship]], greatly grew in popularity during the 16th century and were subsequently exported and mimicked in [[England]] and the [[Netherlands]].<ref name=":0" /> During the late 17th century it was aggressively promoted as "the glass of fashion" by [[Charles de Saint-Évremond]], while he was in exile at the court of [[Charles II of England|Charles II]], and its popularity grew as a champagne glass throughout the 18th century in England and [[France]].<ref name=":0" />
The champagne flute was developed along with other wine [[stemware]] in the early 18th century as the preferred shape for sparkling wine as materials for drinking vessels shifted from metal and ceramic to glassware.{{sfn|Sezgin|2010|pages=72-74}} Initially, the flute was tall, [[conical]], and slender;{{sfn|Bray|2001|page=120}} by the 20th century, preferences changed from a straight-sided glass to one which curved inward slightly near the lip.{{sfn|Walden|2001|page=9}}
This inward taper is designed to retain champagne's signature [[carbonation]] by reducing the [[surface area]] for it to escape.{{sfn|Andrews|2014|pages=138, 140}} [[Nucleation]] in a champagne glass helps form the wine's bubbles; too much surface area allows carbonation to fizzle out quickly. More bubbles create greater texture in the taster's mouth, and a flute's deep bowl allows for greater visual effect of bubbles rising to the top.{{sfn|Andrews|2014|pages=138, 140}} The flute's narrow cross-section also minimizes the oxygen-to-wine ratio, which enhances both the wine's aroma and taste.{{sfn|Sezgin|2010|pages=72-74}}{{Efn|Sources disagree as to whether the narrow mouth of the flute created to capture a wine's aroma allows sufficient access to appreciate it. Wine writer Victoria Moore argues that the "Flutes are no good for champagne because they are too narrow to allow the odour molecules to gather in a place you can get your nose into."<ref name=moore/>}}
While most commonly used for sparkling wines, flutes are also used for certain beers, especially [[fruit beer]]s and Belgian [[lambic]]s and [[gueuze]]s.{{sfn|Jackson|1908|page=114}}{{sfn|Villa|2012|page=373}} The flute shows off the beer's color, and helps gather the aroma for the nose.{{sfn|Villa|2012|page=373}} The champagne flute is distinguished from the [[Beer glassware#Pilsner glass|pilsner glass]], which lacks a stem.{{sfn|Kohn|2013|page=175}}
== {{anchor|Champagne coupe}}Coupe == The '''champagne coupe''' is a shallow, broad-bowled saucer shaped stemmed glass generally capable of containing {{convert|180|to|240|ml|usfloz|abbr=on}} of liquid.{{sfn|Giblin|2011|page=15}}{{sfn|Lamprey|2010|page=35}}{{sfn|Boehmer|2009|page=55}}{{sfn|Ray|1969|page=59}} Originally called a ''[[Tazza (cup)|tazza]]'' (cup), it first appeared circa 1663, when it was created by Venetian glassmakers employed at a [[Greenwich]] glass factory owned by the [[John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normanby|Duke of Buckingham]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Stevenson |first=Tom |title=Christie’s World Encyclopedia of Champagne and Sparkling Wine |last2=Avellan |first2=Essi |publisher=Bloomsbury |year=2019 |isbn=9781472956675}}</ref> The tazza was designed to hold champagne, and after it was retitled 'champagne coupe' and marketed by early Victorian commerce, it became popular within the English [[high society]].<ref name=":0" /> It originally became famous through the popularity of pink champagne and the white mousse which accompanied it, both of which complemented and were complemented by the saucer-shaped crystal coupe.<ref name=":0" /> The coupe was fashionable in France from its introduction in the 18th century until the 1970s,{{sfn|Liger-Belair|2004|page=31}} and in the United States from the 1930s{{sfn|Andrews|2014|page=138}} to the 1980s.{{sfn|Boehmer|2009|page=55}} Coupes are also often used for [[cocktail]]s served [[Bartending terminology#Straight, up, and straight up|up]] in lieu of a [[cocktail glass]] on account of the latter glass's greater propensity to spilling.<ref>{{cite web |author=Quimbo |first=Loren |date=3 January 2021 |title=All About Coupe Glass: Facts & Popular Cocktails Served |url=https://advancedmixology.com/blogs/art-of-mixology/what-is-coupe-glass |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200636/https://advancedmixology.com/blogs/art-of-mixology/what-is-coupe-glass |archive-date=24 June 2021 |access-date=19 June 2021 |website=Advanced Mixology |publisher= |quote=}}</ref>
=={{anchor|White wine tulip glass}}Tulip== Champagne is also served in a [[Beer glassware#Tulip glass|tulip glass]]. The white wine tulip is distinguishable from the champagne flute by its wider, flared body and mouth.{{sfn|Robards|1984|pages=55-56}} Some [[oenophile]]s (wine lovers) prefer the tulip glass, as it permits the drinker to get more of the aroma than a traditional flute while the mouth is still narrow enough to avoid quick loss of carbonation.<ref name="moore">{{cite news |last=Moore |first=Victoria |date=21 October 2014 |title=Why settle for a flute when you can savour the whole symphony? |work=The Daily Telegraph |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/wine/11174725/Why-settle-for-a-flute-when-you-can-savour-the-whole-symphony.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=31 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925034658/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/wine/11174725/Why-settle-for-a-flute-when-you-can-savour-the-whole-symphony.html |archive-date=25 September 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Krebiehl |first=Anne |date=January 5, 2016 |title=Farewell to Champagne flutes in 2016? |url=http://www.decanter.com/learn/farewell-to-champagne-flutes-in-2016-286743/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161130052643/https://www.decanter.com/learn/farewell-to-champagne-flutes-in-2016-286743/ |archive-date=November 30, 2016 |access-date=November 20, 2016 |website=Decanter |postscript=none}}; {{cite news |date=Fall 2016 |title=The Trouble with Champagne Flutes |page=29 |work=Milk Street |postscript=none}}; {{cite news |last=Asimov |first=Eric |date=November 7, 2019 |title=Champagne-Style Sparklers, Made in America |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/07/dining/wine-school-sparkling-wine-america.html |url-status=live |url-access=limited |access-date=November 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191112071417/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/11/07/dining/wine-school-sparkling-wine-america.html |archive-date=November 12, 2019}}</ref> ''[[The Washington Post]]'' food columnist Dave McIntyre has argued that the tulip allows the champagne to move to the middle from the front of the tongue, allowing the wine's flavor to be better expressed.<ref>{{cite news |last=McIntyre |first=Dave |date=October 1, 2017 |title=Don't believe the hype. You don't need glasses in multiple shapes and sizes to enjoy wine |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/food/dont-believe-the-hype-you-dont-need-glasses-in-multiple-shapes-and-sizes-to-enjoy-wine/2017/09/29/d061fc92-a46f-11e7-b14f-f41773cd5a14_story.html |url-status=live |url-access=registration |access-date=December 9, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210072022/https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/food/dont-believe-the-hype-you-dont-need-glasses-in-multiple-shapes-and-sizes-to-enjoy-wine/2017/09/29/d061fc92-a46f-11e7-b14f-f41773cd5a14_story.html |archive-date=December 10, 2017}}</ref> The glassmaker [[Riedel (glass manufacturer)|Riedel]] particularly criticizes flutes as one-dimensional, impairing drinkers' ability to appreciate a wine's full range of aromas and taste profiles.<ref>{{cite web |last=Mercer |first=Chris |date=November 28, 2013 |title=My goal is to make Champagne flutes 'obsolete', says Maximilian Riedel |url=http://www.decanter.com/wine-news/opinion/the-editors-blog/champagne-flutes-will-be-obselete-says-maximilian-riedel-30992/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102081913/https://www.decanter.com/wine-news/opinion/the-editors-blog/champagne-flutes-will-be-obselete-says-maximilian-riedel-30992/ |archive-date=November 2, 2016 |access-date=November 20, 2016 |website=Decanter}}</ref>
==Double-wall stemware== In the 1960s, double-wall stemware was developed to slow the transfer of heat from a drinker's hand to champagne and other beverages.<ref>{{cite news|title=Beverage Glasses|work=The Hardware Retailer|date=February 11, 1968|page=183}}</ref> Inner and outer walls are separated by a small gap filled with air, a poor thermal conductor.
== See also ==
* [[Wine accessory]]
==References== ;Notes {{notelist}}
;Citations {{reflist|2}}
==Bibliography== *{{cite book|last=Andrews|first=Deborah|title=Shopping: Material Culture Perspectives|location=Newark, N.J.|publisher=University of Delaware Press|date=2014|isbn=9781611495188|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QjieBQAAQBAJ}} *{{cite book|last1=Blume|first1=Lesley M.M.|last2=McFerrin|first2=Grady|title=Let's Bring Back: An Encyclopedia of Forgotten-Yet-Delightful Chic, Useful, Curious, and Otherwise Commendable Things From Times Gone By|location=San Francisco|publisher=Chronicle Books|date=2010|isbn=9781452103501|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=58tBj-p5SzMC}} * {{cite book |last1=Boehmer |first1=Alan |title=Knack Wine Basics: A Complete Illustrated Guide to Understanding, Selecting & Enjoying Wine |date=14 October 2009 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-0-7627-5838-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MNHHJtWRB34C |language=en}} *{{cite book|last=Bray|first=Charles|title=Dictionary of Glass: Materials and Techniques|location=London|publisher=A. & C. Black|date=2001|isbn=9780713657920|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KbZkxDyeG18C}} *{{cite book|last1=Cech|first1=Mary|last2=Schact|first2=Jennie|title=The Wine Lover's Dessert Cookbook: Recipes and Pairings for the Perfect Glass of Wine|location=San Francisco|publisher=Chronicle Books|date=2005|isbn=9780811842372|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_iXh4lss_K4C}} *{{cite book|last=DeGroff|first=Dale|title=The Craft of the Cocktail|location=New York|publisher=Clarkson Potter|date=2002|isbn=9780609608753}} *{{cite book|last=Giblin|first=Sheri|title=American Cocktail: 50 Recipes That Celebrate the Craft of Mixing Drinks From Coast to Coast|location=San Francisco|publisher=Chronicle Press|date=2011|isbn=9781452110332|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nJiVfk4ID34C}} *{{cite book|last=Jackson|first=Michael|title=Michael Jackson's Great Beers of Belgium|location=Philadelphia|publisher=Running Press|date=1908|isbn=9780762404032}} *{{cite book|last=Kohn|first=Rita|title=The Complete Idiot's Guide to Beer Tasting|location=New York|publisher=Alpha Books|date=2013|isbn=9781615643523|url=https://archive.org/details/completeidiotsgu0000kohn|url-access=registration}} * {{cite book |last1=Lamprey |first1=Zane |title=Three Sheets: Drinking Made Easy! 6 Continents, 15 Countries, 190 Drinks, and 1 Mean Hangover! |date=16 March 2010 |publisher=Random House Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-345-52201-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o7aaimpuALYC |language=en}} *{{cite book|last=Liger-Belair|first=Gérard|title=Uncorked: The Science of Champagne|location=Princeton, N.J.|publisher=Princeton University Press|date=2004|isbn=9780691119199|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9spqgZHAnYMC}} * {{cite book |last1=Ray |first1=Cyril |title=In a Glass Lightly |date=1969 |publisher=A. S. Barnes |isbn=978-0-498-07459-2 |url=https://archive.org/details/inglasslightly00rayc |language=en |url-access=registration}} *{{cite book |last=Robards |first=Terry |title=Terry Robards' New Book of Wine: The Ultimate Guide to Wines Throughout the World |location=New York |url-access=registration |publisher=G.P. Putnam's Sons |date=1984 |isbn=9780399129094 |url=https://archive.org/details/terryrobardsnewb0000roba}} *{{cite book|last=Sezgin|first=Pam|chapter=Drinking Glasses and Vessels|title=Alcohol in Popular Culture: An Encyclopedia|editor-last=Black|editor-first=Rachel |location=[[Santa Barbara, California]]|publisher=[[Greenwood Press]] |date=2010|isbn=9780313380488|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HbJzCgAAQBAJ}} *{{cite book|last=Villa|first=Keith|chapter=Framboise|title=The Oxford Companion to Beer|editor-last=Oliver|editor-first=Garrett|location=New York|publisher=Oxford University Press|date=2012|isbn=9780195367133|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ga4MYyZq-RMC}} *{{cite book|last=Walden|first=Hilaire|title=The Book of Cocktails. Volume 2|location=New York|publisher=HP Books|date=2001|isbn=9781557883728|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n0q3bJwipHUC}}
==External links== *[http://www.intowine.com/champagne2.html How to Serve Champagne], IntoWine
{{glassware}}
[[Category:Drinking glasses]] [[Category:Champagne (wine)]] [[Category:Wine accessories]] [[Category:Beer glassware]]